I 1 3.-V ,
f t l
apothecia are more scattered, usually larger and terminal. In this country
it is rarely and very sparingly fertile.
Hal. (In the ground and on boulders in subalpine districts.—Bistr.
Tjocal and scarce among the Scottish Grampians aud iu W. Ireland.—
li. AL : lien Laivers and lieu Vraclde, Pertlisliire ; Alorrone and lienna-
boord, Braemar, Aberdeeiisliire. Kylemore and Connemara, co. Gahvay.
7. S. demidatum Florkc, Deutsch. Lich. Lief. iv. (1819) p. 13.—
Tliallus somewhat small or moderate ; podetia nearly erect, slender,
smoolh, loosely oggTcgate, somewhat simple or hrauchod above,
a tten u ate a t tho apices, tho axis naked ; podetial granules subpel-
tato, a t first subronndod, then ap])lanato and depressed in tho
middle, whitish or greyish-white, darker in tho centre, th e margin
usually orenulate, white. Apotheoia small, lateral, piano or somewhat
convex, brOAA-nish ; spores elongnto-fusiform, 3 - (rarely 5 - ) 7-
soptato, 0 ,0 2 6 -4 6 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 3 -4 mm. thiok.— Mudd, Alan,
p. 66; Cromh. Lich. Brit. p. 1 7 ; Loight. Lioh. PL p. 79, ed. 3,
p. 71.— Coralloides crisjmm et hotryforme edpinum Dill. AIuso. 114,
t. 17. f. 33. TAchenoides non tahnlosum, cinereum ramosum totum
crustmeinn Dill, in Bay, Syn. cd. 3, 66. 11. 8. piaschalis pro parte
of some authors.—B rit. E.vs. : Larb. Lioh. Hb. n. 244.
Easily distinguished from other British species by the subpeltate gr.a-
miles Avitb Avliitish margin, and by tbeir paucity or absence towards the
apices of tlie podetia. The cephalodia are oliA'e-broAvn, someAvbat shining,
glomerulose or verrucose, Avith the gonimia sordid glaucous-green. In
ibis country tlie apotliecia are rare, nor are the spermogones very frequent,
the spermatia being 0,008-9 nim. long, 0,005 mm. thick. On the
podetia are commonly seen the pulvinuli of Sirosiphon saxivola Naeg.
Hah. On rocks aud boulders from upland to alpine situations.—Bistr.
General and frequent iu the more mountainous districts of Great Britain
and Irelaud ; very abundant aniong the Grampians in Braemar.—B. AI. ;
Cawsaud Beacon^ and Sliarpitor Rock, Dartmoor, Devonsbire ; Plynlim-
mon, Cardiganshire ; Cader Idris, Alerionethsbiro ; Snowdon, Oarnarvon-
sbire; Island of Anglesea; Alynydd-y-AIyffe, Shropshire; Teesdale,
Durham; StaA'ely Head, Westmoreland ; Ennerdale, Cumberland. Ben
Lawers and Ramiocb Moor, Pertbsbire ; SidlaAV H ills and Clova, Forfarshire
; Glen Gandlic, Cairn Drocbit and Ben-naboord, Braemar, Ben
Nevis, Inverness-sbire ; Island of Skye ; Applecross, Ross-sbire ; Lairg,
Sutlierlandsliire. Killarney, co. Kerry ; Kylemore, Connemara, co. Gal-
AA'aj'.
Form 1. v a lid um Laur. in F r. Lich. E u r. (1831) p. 205.—Thallus
larger, cæspitose ; ])odctia thicker, divided towards th e base into
elongate branches ; granules aggregate and sometimes discoid.
This is larger, with more robust and cæspitose podetia, and crowded
and often somewhat large granules. I t occurs onlj' sterile.
Hah. On schistose rocks iu alpine situations.—Distr. Very local aiid
scarce, among the S. Grampians.—B. AI. : Ben LaAvers, Perthshire.
Form 2. capitatum Flot. in Koerb. Syst. (1856) p. 13.—Podetia
sorcdiato and somowhat tu rg id at th e apices. Apotheoia arising
from the soredia.
The sorediate apices of the podetia and their branches distinguish this
form from the type. In the only fertile British specimen seen the apothecia
are small and very sparingly present.
Hah. On rocks aud boulders in subalpine regions.—Distr. Local and
scarce, having as yet been found only in N. AVales, among the Grampians,
and in the N.AV. Ilighla.nds of Scotland, tliougli probably to be
detected elseAvhere.—li. AI. : Cader Idris, Merionethshire, lieu Lawers,
Perthsliire ; Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; hills of Applecross, Ross-sliire.
p. p u lv in a tum Flot. Lioh. Sil. (1842) n. 16 y.—Thallus densely
pulvinato-oæspitoso ; podetia short, fa stig ia te ly and intricately
branched ; podetial granules turgid, nodulose, croAvded. Apotheoia
small, extremely rare.— Cromb. Jo u rn . Bot. 1882, p. 272.—Stereocaulon
joaschale e. pmlvinatmn Sohær. Spic. (1883) p. 274. Stereo-
caulon tomentosum var. hotryosum Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 17 ; Leight.
Lioh. FL p. 78, ed. 3, p>. 71. Stereocaulon pasehale y. cdpiinum
var. hotryosum Aludd, Alan. p. 66. Stereocaulon hotryosum Sm. Eng.
EL V. p. 2 33.—B rit. Exs. ; Leight. n . 387.
In Herbaria frequently confounded with other species, inore e.speeially
S. alpinum form hotryosum, Avhicli apparently does not occur in Britain.
I t is loosely affixed to the substratum, and the granules are sometimes
almost crustaceo-c influent. In this country, as elsewhere, it is very
rarely seen fertile.
Hah. On rocks and boulders in subalpine situations.—Distr. Rather
local in N. AVales, N. England, aniong the Grampians, Scotland, and iu
S.W. Ireland.—B. AI. ; Cader Idris, Alerionethshire ; Llyn Howel and
Snowdon, Carnarvonshire ; Teesdale, Durham. Beii Lawers, Oraig Calliach,
Ben Vrackie, and near Loch Eagli, Rannoch, Perthsliire ; Alorrone
and Ben Alacdhui, Braemar, Aberdeenshire; Ben Nevis, Inverness-shire.
Connor Cliffs, co. Kerry.
h. Thallus persistent a t the base ; podetia subsimple ; cephalodia
sessile, glomeruliform or verrucose.
8. S. co n d en satum Hoffm. Deutsoh. F l. ii. (1 7 0 5 )p . 130.—Thallus
ra th e r small ; podetia very short, or almost none, simple or subsimple,
somewhat robust, th e axis a t first slightly arachnoid and
then more or less glabrous ; granules squamulose, cæspitosely congested
a t the base, scattered on the podetia, orenulate, glaucous or
greyish-white. Apothecia moderate, terminal, a t length convex,
often confluent, brownish or d ark reddish-hrowu ; spores 3-7-soptate,
fusiformi-cylindrical, 0 ,0 2 0 -3 6 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 1 5 -2 5 mm. thiok.—
Aludd, Alan. p. 06 ; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 17 ; Leight. Idch. Fl.
p. 79, ed. 3, p. 71.—B rit. E xs. : Aludd, n. 33 ; Leight. n. 205.
The tballus often spreads extensively, forming an effuse, granulose
crust, and the podetia are often almost entirely wanting. The cephalodia
are verrucose, dark-greyish, adnate towards the base of the podetia, the
gonimia giomerulosely arranged. I'be apotheoia sometimes occur also on
the basal granules, and the spermogones are frequent, Avith spermatia
about 0,005 mm. long, scarcely 0,001 mm. thick.
Hah. On the ground and on turf-coA'ered AA'alls iu maritime, upland.