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ramosum, angustioribus cinereo-virentibus ramulis Dili, in E ay Syn.
ed. 3, p. 75, n. 81.— B rit. Exs. : Mudd, n. 44 ; Cromb. n. 21.
Length of the thallus rather variable. The laciniæ generally attenuate,
sometimes considerably so, often give forth transverse laciniolæ from one
or both margins. The apothecia are frequent on the retlexed apices of
the laciniæ. The spermogones are also common, with spermatia oblongo-
cyhudrical, 0,003-4 mm. long, 0,001 mm. thick.
Hab. On the trunks and branches of trees in lowland and upland districts.—
Dfsri-. General and common in Great Britain ; rare in the Channel
Islands and in Ireland.—B. M. ; St. Aubiu’s, Island of Jersey. Lvdd
Kent; New Forest, Hants; near Totnes, S. Devon ; near liespriiig'and
Penzance, Cornwall ; Dynevor Castle, Carmai thensbire ; Pyle, Glamorganshire
; Old Windsor, Berkshire ; Gopsall Park, Leicestershire ; Oswestry,
Shropshire ; Llandrindod, Haduorshire ; Island of Anglesea ; Airy-
holme Woods, Cleveland, Yorkshire ; near Sta vely, AA’estmoreland ; The
Cheviots, Northumberland; Wastdale, Cumberland. Pentland Hills,
near Edinburgh ; Barealdiiie and Appin, Argyleshire ; Killin, Kenmore,
and Alwrnethy, Perthshire; Deerhill Wood and near Arbroath, Forfar-
shirej Countesswells AA'oods and Abergeldie, Aberdeenshire ; S. of Fort
AYilliam, Inverness-shire ; Loch Shin, Sutherlandshire. Co. Antrim,
A’ar. p . su b am p lia ta Nyl. Bull. Soc. Linn. Normand, ser. 2, iv.
(1870) p. 132.— Laciniæ broader, longitudinally sublacunosely ner-
voso-rugose, canaliculate. Aqiothecia marginal and terminal, the
receptacle rugose ; spores as in th e type.—Leight. Ann. Alag. Nat.
Hist. ser. 4, ix. p. 12!» ; Lich. Fl. ed. 2, p. 471, ed. 3, p. 84,—
Lichenoides coralliforme rostratum et canalieulatum Dill. Muse. 170,
t. 23. f. 62 B.— Brit. Exs. : Mudd, n. 42 jiro parte.
Externally like a narrow state of R .fraxinea, hut distinguished by the
form of the spores.
Hab. On the trunks of trees in maritime and upland tracts.—Distr.
Local and scarce iu S., AV., and N. England, N. AA'ales, and iu S.W.
ocotland.—B. M. : Beeding' PriorVj Sussex j NeA,v Forest, Hants ; Pen-
zauce, Cornwall; Malvern, AA’orcestersliire ; Aberdovey, Meriouethshire ;
Aytou, Cleveland, A’orksliire. Barcaldine, Argyleshire.
Var. y. su h f a s tig ia ta Nyl. Bull. Soo. Linn. Normand, ser. 2, iv.
(1870) p. 132.—Laomiæ broader, longitudinally nervoso-rugose.
Apothecia terminal, th e receptacle rugose; spores as in th e type.__
Leight. Ann. Alag. Nat. H ist. ser. 4, ix. p. 129 ; Lioh F l ed 2
p. 471, ed. 3, p. 84. • • .
In the character of the thallus and the situation of the apothecia this
resembles larger states of R . fastigiata, but is distinguished by tbe form
of the spore,s.
„ rocks in maritime and upland districts.—Dikfr.
S.W • England, S. Wales, the S.AV. Highlands of Scotland, and S. Ireland.
—B. M : IS ear l enzance, Cornwall; Llandrindod, Eadnorshire. Appin,
Argyleshire. Coachford, co. Cork,
_ 3 E . farinacea Aoh. Lioh. Univ. (1810) p. 606.—Thallus siib-
rigid, roundly or planely compressed, sublaounose or ohsoletely
nervoso-phcate, white straw-coloured or pale-glaucous ; laciniæ
linear, atten u ate, sorediiferous (medulla and soredia K - ) Apothecia
pedicellate, small, terminal and late ra l, plane or convex,
glaucescent or pale-testaceous, the receptacle smooth beneath ; spores
stra ig h t, ellipsoideo-oblong or fusiformi-ellipsoid, 0 ,0 0 8 -1 6 mm.
long, 0 ,0 0 4 -7 mm. th ic k .-G r a y , Nat. Arr. i. p. 4 0 7 ; Hook F l'
Soot. 11. p. 68 ; Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 225 ; Tayl. in Alack. Fl. Hib ii
p. 8 5 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. ed. 2, p. 472, ed. 3, p. 84.— B amalina
cuhcaris e. farinacea Aludd, Alan. p. 7 3 ; Cromb. Lioh. Brit. p. 25 ;
Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 93. Lichen farinaceus Linn. Sp. PL (1753)
p. 1146 ; Huds. Fl. Angl. p. 451 ; Lightf. Fl. Soot. ii. p. 833 ; AA’ith .
A rr. ed. 3, iv. p. 5 0 ; Eng. Bot. t. 889. Lichenoides segmentis angus-
twnhus, ad margines verrucosis et pulverulentis Dill. AIuso 172
t. 23. f. 63 B, a.— Brit. Exs. : Leight. n. 40 ; Aludd, n. 45 ; Cromb’
n. 22.
The thallus, which varies somewhat iu the length and breadth of the
laciniæ, IS more or less sqirinkled with white-pulverulent, round or oblon.r
marginal soredia. Occa.sionally these are almost absent, when it seems
to merge into the preceding. The apotbecia, wliich are small, are rare
m this country, as well as tbe spermogones, which are similar to those of
M. calicaris.
Hab On the trunks and branches of trees in wooded lowland and
upland districts.—Disfr. General and usuaUy plentiful throughout Great
Britain ; apparently rare in Ireland and the Channel Islands.—B. AI •
Boulay Bay, Island of Jersey. Near Loughton, Epping Forest, Essex:
Shiere, Surrey ; Glynde, Sussex; Lydd, Kent; Lyndhurst, New Forest,
Hiintsj Carrisbrook, Isle of W ig h t; Penzance and Withiel, Cornwall;
Madmgley, Garni ridgeshire ; Gopsall, Leicestershire ; Alalvern and Broadwas,
Worcestershire; Causewav, AA’arwickshire ; Dynevor Castle, Carmarthenshire;
Island of Anglesea; Bettws-v-Coed, Denbighshire; near
Oswestry and Shrewsbury, Shropshire ; Newton, Cleveland, Yorkshire-
Teesdale and Eglestone, Durham ; Stavely, near Kendal, Westmoreland :
Alston, Cumberland. New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire ; near Edinburgh
; Appm, Argyleshire; Loch Katrine, Finlarig, Oraig Calliach
Blaeberry Hill, Balthayock AA’oods, Perthshire ; Baldovan AVood, Forfarshire
; Countesswells Woods, near Aberdeen and Invercauld, Braemar
Aberdeenshire; Glen Nevis, Inverness-shire; Lairg, Sutherlandshire-
Applecross, Ross-sbire. Near Cork ; Dunkerron, co. Kerry. ’
Form 1. pendulina Aoh. Lioh. ifiiiv. (1810) p. 607.— Thallua
more lax, longer and pendulous, th e laciniæ ra th e r broader.—
Cromb. Grevillea, 1886, p. 47.—Parmelia farinacea y . pendulina
Aoh. Aleth. (1803) p. 264. '
A mere luxuriant form, which is but sparingly fertile.
Hah. On trunks of old trees in wooded districts.—Disfr. Local and
rare in S.W. England; no doubt to be detected elsewhere.—B. AI. : New
Forest, Ilampsbire.
Form 2. phalerata Ach. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. 607.—Thallus
small ; laciniæ short, somewhat broad, usually proliferous at the