—Distr. General in the hilly and mountainous tracts of Great Britain—
very' abundant amongst the Grampians, Scotland ; rare iu Ireland,—B. M. :
St. Leonards, Sussex ; New Forest, Hants ; Hay Tor, Dartmoor, Devonshire
; Helminton aud Houghton, Cornwall; Charnwood Forest, Leicestershire
; Gamliiigav Park, Cambridgeshire ; near Kingley, Warwickshire ;
near Oswe.stry, Shropshire ; Dolgelly, iVberdovey, and near Barmouth,
Merionethshire; Baysdale and near Great Aytou, Cleveland, Yorkshire ;
Teesdale, Durham ; Keswick and Alston, Cumberland ; The Cheviots,
Northumberland. New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire; Beld Craig,
Aloffat, Dumfriesshire ; Pentland Hills, near Edinburgh ; xAppin,
Argyleshire ; Glen Falloch, Killin (frt.), Ben Lawers, and Knock of
Crieff, Perthshire; Deerhill Wood, Forfarshire (frt.); Countesswells
Wood, uear Aberdeen ; Ballochbuie Forest, Craig Cluny, and Alar Forest,
Braemar; Rothiemurchus AVoods, Glen Nevis, and Glen Alorriston, Inverness
shire; Lairg, Sutherlandshire. Killiney Hills, near Dublin ; Luggle-
law, CO. AVicklow : near Innishowen, co. Donegal.
Var. p . lanestris Ach. Lioh. Univ. (1810) p. 593.—Thallus somew
h a t small, prostrate, ra th e r soft, very sparingly sorediiferous,
brownish-blaok or blackish ; branches short, slender, densely en tangled.
Apotheoia not se en .— Cromb. Jo u rn . Boc. 1872, p. 233.—
Lichen jubatus Eng. Bot. t. 1880 (uqrper fig.).
This variety, which superficially resembles Parmelia lanata, is well
distinguished by the smaller, denser, more tender thallus, and by tbe
almost entire absence of soredia. The fructification lias apparently never
been observed, even iu countries where the plant is more common.
Hab. On old fir pales in moimtainous districts.—Distr. Local and rare,
ill W. England and among the Grampians, Scotland ; no doubt to be
detected elsewhere.—B. AI. : Ilelsby Hill, Cliesliire. Killin, Perthshire ;
Braemar, xlberdeenshire ; Rotbiemurclius, Inverness-shire.
Form tenerrima Cromb. Grevillea, xv. (1886) p. 48.— Thallus
smaller, very much branched ; branches short, very slender, fragile,
soft and much interwoven.
At first sight might readily be mistaken for an Ephebe. I t is always
sterile.
Kah. On the trunks of old birch trees in upland situations.—Distr.
Very local and rare among the N. Grampians, Scotland.—B. AI. : Alorrone,
Braemar, Aberdeeushire.
Subsp. 1. A. chalybeiformis Nyl. eæ Cromb. G revillea, xv. p. 48.—
Tliallus subfiliform, prostrate, flexuose, rigid, divaricately branched,
sparingly sorediate, olive- or brownish-black (or dark leaden-
coloured), often a little paler a t th e apices ; branches short, remote
(K ~ , CaCl“ ). Apotheoia not seen.— Alectoria jubata var. chaly-
heiformis xAoh. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. 592; Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 67 ;
Sm. Eug. El. V. p. 227 ; Aludd, Alan. p. 70 ; Cromb. Lich. Brit,
p. 24 : Leight. Lich. El. p. 89, ed. 3, p. 80.—Alectoria chalybeifo
rm is Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 408, Lichen chalybeiformis Linn. Sp.
IT. (1753) p. 1155 ; AVith. A rr. ed. 3, iv. p. 47. Usnea rigida hor-
sum vorsum extensa Dill. AIuso. 66, t. 13. f. 10. Lichenoides eaule
riqido, instar fill clialybei Dill in Ray Syn. ed. 3, p. 65, n. 2.—■
B rit. E.rs. : Larb. Lioh. Hb. n. 245.
The simpler, less intricate thaUus, which is usually more compressed at
the axils, more shortly and remotely branched, thicker, liexuose and less
sorediate than in A. jubata, entitles this to he viewed as a subspecies.
The apothecia have never been detected, aud the spermogones are absent
in our specimens.
Ilah. jAraong mosses on rocks aud boulders in upland and mountainous
districts.—Distr. General and not uncommon in England and N. AVales ;
plentiful among the Grampians, Scotland ; not seen from Ireland,—
B. AI. : Thetford AA’arren, Norfolk ; Eridge Rocks, near Tunbridge AVells,
Sussex ; Templeraore and Dartmoor, Devonshire ; ^ near Alalvern and
Herefordshire Beacon, Worcestershire; Cader Idris, Alerionethshire;
Snowdon, Carnarvonshire; Island of Anglesea; Battersby, Cleveland,
Yorkshire; Gateshead Fell, Durham; Suddale, AA’estmoreland. Ben
Cruachan, Argvleshire ; Ben Alore and Ben Lawers, Perthshire ; Clova
Alts., Forfarshire ; Craig Coinnoch, Glen Cluny, Lochnagar, and Ben-
naboord, Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; Ben Nevis and Loch Ennich, Inverness
shire.
Subsp. 2. A. subcana Nyl. Cromb. Journ. Bot. 1876, p. 360.—
Thallus pendulous, filiform, subelongate, much branched, greyish-
white ( K I , CaCl“ ) ; soredia small, somewhat prominent, whitish.
Apotheoia not seen.
Very similar in colour to A. implexa f. cana, for which but for the
absence of any reaction it might readily be mistaken. The tballus is less
elongate, more slender, with the branches less entangled than in A. jubata,
while the soredia also are different. I t has not been found fertile.
Hab. On the branches of old firs in wooded mountainous tracts.—Dfsfr.
Very local among the Grampians, Scotland.—B. AI. : Ben Lawers, Perthshire
; Glen Derrie, Braemar, Aberdeenshire.
6. A. im p lex a Nyl. ex Norrl. Aled. Soc. pro F. e t Fl. Fenn. i.
(1876) p. 14.—Thallus pendulous, elongate, filiform, subrounded,
very muoh branched and entangled, slender and flaccid, greyish-
yellow or greyish -white, with wliitish or greyish scattered soredia
^j^-fyellowish^ CaCl^)- Apotbecia as in th e preceding species.—
Usma implexa Hoffm. Deutsoh. Fl. ii. (1795) p. 134. Alectoria
cana Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 88. Alectoria capillaris Cromb. Journ.
Bot. 1872, p. 2 3 3 ; Leight. Lich. F l. ed. 3, p. 79.—This is the
Lichen jubatus pro p a rte of Linnæus and of some of tb e older British
authors.
Similar in habit to A. jubata, of which it has usually been considered
a variety, but from which it is separated by the more slender and differ-
entlv-coloured thaUus, and especially hy the reaction. I t has a still closer
resemblance to A . sarmentosa f. crinalis Ach., with which, in countries
where both are frequent, it is apt to be confounded. I t is often almost
entirely esorediate. I t is very rarely fertile, and the few British specimens
are sterile.
Rah. On the trunks of old firs in mountainous districts.—Dfsir. Very
local and rare in N. England and the Grampians, Scotland.—B. AI. : Yorkshire.
Killin, Perthshire; Deerhill AA’ood, Forfarshire; Alar Forest,
Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; Rothiemurchus AA’oods, Inveruess-shu'e.