Diflers onlv iu tlie marginal cilia beiug coarser, larger, and usually less
numerous and scattered. In all probability it w/s tbis form Lmnæus
had in view wlien he applied tbe trivial name of jmohoscideus, Irom the
resemblance of the bristles (when magnified, as m Eng. Bot. lowest fig.)
to the proboscis of the elephant beetle {vide Eng. Fl. I. c.). The apothecia
in our specimens are generally hut sparingly present.
Hab On rocks aud boulders in upland and subalpine mountainous
districts.—Disfr. Not very general nor common in AV. a to N England,
among the ScottiH Grampians, and m E. Ireland.-^B. AL : Llanberns,.
Snowdon, and Carnedd Llewelvn, Carnarvonshire; Teesdale, Durham ;
The Cheviots, Northumberland] Ben Lawers, Pertlisliire; Lochnagar
and above Invercauld, Braemar, Aberdeeushire; Ben Nevis, Inverness-
shire. Sleive Donard, co. AVicklow.
Eorm 2. d e n u d a ta Aludd, Alan. (18G1) p. 1 1 0 .—Thallus sub-
monophyUous or polyphyllous, naked or nearly naked a t the margins.
—Cromb. Grevillea, xv. p. 79.— Umhilicaria^ cylindrica var. denudata
Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 40 ; Leight. Lioh. El. p. 162, ed. 3,
p. 149. Umhilicaria varia i. prohoscidea c. denudata Leight. Ann.
Alag. Nat. H ist. ser. 2, xviii. p. 293. Gyrophora prohoscidea y.
denudata Turn. & Borr. Lich. Brit. (1839) p. 219.
Descends apparentlv from the preceding, from which it differs only in
the entire or almost entire absence of marginal cilia. Occasionally, however
one or two very short denticulate cilia are here and there visible,
e s p e c i a l l y when it i s more polyphyllous. The tballus is at times somewhat
rugose ; the apothecia are numerous and occasionally pedicellate.
i r e i a n a .— a . n i . : a a u e r ru iiB , ,
The Cheviots, Northumberland ; Ennerdale, Cumberland. Ben Lawers,
Perthshire ; Ilen-naboord, Braemar. Brandon Alt., co. Kerry.
Form 3. f im h ria ta Ach. Lich. L n iv . (1810) p. 224.—Thallus
polyphyllous, shortly and densely black-eiliate a t th e margins, occasionally
sparingly fibrillose beneath.— Gray, N a t. Arr. i. p. 477 ;
Cromb. Grevillea, xii. p. 74.— Umhilicaria cylindrica var. fim h ria ta
Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 40. Lichen proboscideus var. 2, AVith. iVrr.
ed. 3, iv. p. 65.
A ratlier elegant form, which is constantly polypliyllous, and ea,sily
recognized by the lobes being densely pannoso-ciliate at the margins. The
apotliecia are occasionally pedicellate, smaller than in the type, and sometimes
but slightly plicate.
Hah. On rocks and boitlders, chiefly quartzose, in upland and subalpine
districts.—Disri-. Local and rare in S.AA’. and N. England, more
common among the Scottish Grampians, especially in Braemar.—B. AI.:
Dartmoor, Devonshire; Teesdale, Durham. Ben Lawers and near
Amulree, Perth sh ire ; Olova, Forfarshire ; above Invercauld, Morrone,
Loch Phadrig, and head of Glen Callater, Braemar, Aberdeenshire.
A’ar. (i. Delisei F r. fil. Lich. Scand. i. ( 1871) p. 159.—Thallus
larger, firmer, sparingly fibrillose or subnaked a t (he margins ;
beueath more or le.ss brownish-hirsuto-rhizinose. Apothecia pediceliato,
large, numerous, much gyroso-plioate.—Cromh. Jo u rn . Bot.
1882, p. 273.— Umbilicaria cylindrica var. Delisei Despr. fid e Nyl.
Lich. Soand. (1861) p. 117.
A well-marked variety, distinguished by tbe characters of the tballus
and of the apotbecia. In the few British specimens seen^ the thallus is
thiok, shortly fibrillose or nearly quite naked at the margins, beneath or
a somewhat pale pink colour and rhizinose, especially towards the circumference.
The apothecia are large, crowded, and much gyroso-plicate.
Hah. On rocks and boulders in alpine places.—Distc. Ouly on the
summits of two of the loftiest Scottish Grampians.—B. M .; Ben-naboord,
Aberdeenshire ; Ben Nevis, Inverness-sbire.
A'ar. y. to r n a t a F r. fil. Lich. Soand. (1871) p. 157.—Thallus
polyphyllous, complicate, more or less rugose on th e upper surface ;
lobes congested, ascending, undulate, crisp, naked or subnaked a t
th e margins.— Gyrophora tornata Aoh. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. 222,
t. 2. f. 13. Gyrophora prohoscidea h. exasperata Turn. & Borr. Lioh.
Br. p. 219. Umhilicaria varia t. girohoscidea d. exasperata Leight.
An n .' Alag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, xviii. p. 294. Gyrophora cylindrica
d. exasperata Aludd, Alan. p. 119. Umbilicaria cylindrica form
exasperata Leight. Lich. El. p. 162, ed. 3, p. 149.
Characterized hy the smaller, subeffuse, polyphyllous thallus and the
congested ascending lohes, which are nearly naked at the margins. In
the British specimens the apothecia, which are small, are but rarely
present.
Hah. On rocks and boulders in subalpine regions.—Disf»'. A'ery
sparinglv in AV. and N. England, and among the Grampian.s, Scotland.—
B. AI.; Falcon Clints, Teesdale, Durham. Cairn Turc, Braemar, Aberdeenshire.
4. G. erosa Ach. Meth. (1803) p. 103.—Thallus monophyUous,
th in , rigid, rugose, densely cribrose, erose or eroso-laciniate a t th e
margins, oìive-brown or brownish-black ; beneath naked, usually
th in ly granulose, pale-brown ( K / , C aC l/). Apotheoia somewhat
prominent, a t first plane and th in ly margined, at length convex and
immarginate, gyroso-plicate ; spores 0,0 1 1 -12 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 6 -7
mm. thick.—Cromb. Grevillea, xv. p. 79 (pro -parie).— Lichen erosus
Weber, Spio. F l. Gott. (1778) p. 259. — Gyrophora erosa of other
British authors belongs entirely to th e following species.
Easily known by the peculiar reticulato-perforate upper surface and the
usually finely lacero-laciuiate margins of the thallus. I t is also generally
marked above by flexuose anastomosing black, indented lines, whence it
appears as if insculpt with rivulose sutures. The apothecia are small,
numerous, at first but very slightly, afterwards more plicate.
Hah. On rocks in alpine regions.—Dfsir. A’ery local and rare on one or
two of the higher Scottish Grampians.—B. M. : Lochnagar, Morrone,
and Ben-nahoord, Braemar, Aberdeenshire.
5. G. to r r e f a c ta Cromb. Grevillea, xii. (1884) p. 74.—Thallus
monophyUous, somewhat thickish, plicato-rugose, scarcely cribrose.