cffl»uratc a t th e circumference, bright-yellow or orange-rocl (K-|-
purplish). Apotheoia minute, numerous, plane ®r
colorons (K + p u rp le ), thalline margin e n tire ; s p o r e s 0 ,0 1 0 -1 4 mm.
loug, 0 ,0 0 5 -6 mm. thick.—Cromb. Grevillea, xvui. p. 45.—i lacodium
murorum fr lobulatum Mudd, Man. p. 132 ; Cromb. Lich B n t p 45.
—Var. obliteratum (Pers.) Loight. Lioh. Fl. p. 176, ed. 3, p. 161.
Bi-it. Exs. : Leight. n. 268 ; Cromb. ii. 156 ; Larb. Cæsar. n. 74 ;
Lich. lib . n. 205.
Distinguished from all the preceding species by the less developed and
almost nSn-radiate thallus. In a young state it is orbicular and slight y
etfl»urate, hut becomes indeterminate (often spreading extensively), witli
theFeripheral radii indistinct. When the colour is more mimate, it is
L i c L i oUiteratus Pers. Ust. Ann. Bot. ii. p. 15 {mimatus auctorum pio
■narte). The apothecia are very numerous and crowded, usually almost
obliterating the thallus, becoming at length coiwex and immarginate
The spermogones have the spermatia oblong, 0,002-3 mm. long, 0,00Uo !
mill, thick.
Hab. On rocks in maritime districts.—Disir. Here and there throughout
Great Britain, Ireland, and the Channel Islands ; very ahundaift on
the coast of Kincardmeshire.—B. M. : Kozel, Island of Jersej , M est
Coast of Guernsey ; Island of Alderney. Ilsliam, Torquay, Devonshire,
St Maws, Cornwkll ; North Cliff, T e n b y , Pembrokesliire ; Southerndown,
Glamorganshire; Barmouth, Meriouethshire ; Island of Anglesea,
Douglas? Isle of Man; St. Bees, Cumherland; Arnbarrow,
land? Appin, Argyleshire; Portlethen, Kmcardineshire; Peteihead,
Aberdeenshire ; Applecross, Koss-shire. Upper Lake, Killarney, co.
Kerry ; Ardglass, co. Down.
16. L. s co p u la ris Nyl. Flora, 1883, p. 105.—Thallus orbicular,
somewhat small, firm, naked, radiately divided a t the oiroumferenoe,
verrueoso-areolate in the centre, vitelline ; radii narrow, contiguous,
convex (K - f purplish). Apotheoia small, numerous, pl""®.
colorous (K 4- purple), th e thalline margin e n tire ; spores 0 0 0 9 -0 ,0 1 7
mm. long, 0 ,0 0 5 -7 mm. th ick .—Cromb. Journ. Bot. 1885, p. 195.
Approaches but differs especially in the distinctly placodioid
thallus In the single fertile British specimen seen, the apothecia are
uumerous, with the thalline margin persistent. The spermogones are
rarely present, with spermatia oblong, about 0,0025 mm. long, 0,000o
mm. thick.
Hab On schistose rocks in a maritime district.—Dirir. Found only
very sparingly in N.E. Scotland.—B. M. : Portlethen, Kincardineshire.
17 L m in ia tu la Nyl. Flora, 1883, p. 98.—Thallus small,
orbicular, plane, closely aduate, thinly rimoso-areolate, slightly
suheffigurate a t th e circumference, deep tawny-vermilion-ooloured
(K 4- purplish). Apothecia minute, concolorous (K + purple), the
thalline margin en tire ; spores 0 ,0 0 7 -1 0 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 4 -5 mm.
thiok.—Cromb. Journ. Bot. 1885, p. 195.
Subsimilar to L. lobulata (obUterata), but differs in tbe suheffigurate
thallus, the smaller apothecia, and more especially in the smaller spores
I t probably, hoAvever, descends from subsp. L. tegularis, of winch it
would then he a variety. The thallus at length becomes indeterminate
in consequence of the confluence of several thalli. The apothecia are
numerous and croAvded ; but the spermogones are not present.
Hab. On quartzose roeks iu a subalpine district.—Histr. Found only
spariugly in a single locality among the N. Grampians, Scotland.—B. M, :
Morrone, Braemar, Aberdeenshire.
18. L. granulosa Nyl. ex Lamy, Bull. Soo. Bot. F r. t. x x x . (1883)
p. 373.—Thallus orbicular, closely aduate, minutely diffracto-
granulose, shortly suliradiato a t the oiroumferenoe, yelloAV-vitellino ;
granules usually crenulate, scattered, or agglomerate, b u t uo t continuous
(K 4- purplish). Apothecia small, concolorous (K + purplc),
th e thalline margin entire, at length suborenulate ; spores 0,0 1 0 -1 6
mm. long, 0 ,0 0 6 -8 mm. thick.—Cromb. Grevillea, xviii. p. 45.—
Amphiloma granulosum Miill. Arg. Mém. Soo. Phys. et H is t. n a t.
Genèv. xvi. (1862) p. 380.
Not unlike less developed states of X. cirrochroa, as observed by
Müller I. c., but differing entirely in the crenulato-granulose and non-
efflorescent thallus. I t is only spariugly effigurate at the extreme circumference,
with the radii rugose, ])lane or convex. In tlie two British
specimens seen, the apotliecia are but few, Avith the thalliue margin at
times evanescent.
Hab. On calcareous rocks in a hilly district.—Distr. Only very
sparingly in W. England.—B. M. : Cheddar Cliffs, Somersetshire.
19. L. teicholyta Aoh. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. 425 ; Nyl. Flora,
1873, p. 197.—Thallus subdeterminato, thiii, entirely pulverulento-
granulose or occasionally radiato-lobod or crenate a t the oiroum-
fereiioe, cæsio-greyish or greyish-Avhite (K—). Apothecia small
or submoderate, plane, orange- or tawny-red (K -|- deep purple),
th e th allin e margin thiokish, undulate, whitish ; spores ellipsoid,
0 ,0 1 2 -1 6 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 8 -9 mm. thick.—Cromb. Grevillea, xviii.
p. 45.—Lecanora arenaria Cromb. Lioh. Brit. p. 46 ; Leight. Lich.
Fl. p. 223, ed. 3, p. 212. Callopisma arenarium Mudd, Man.
p. 139. Lichen arenarias Dicks. Crypt, fasc. iv. p. 2 7 .—Lecanora
cæsiorufa Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 189. L iJ ien ccesiorufus Eng. Bot.
t . 1040. Bin o d in a rubricosa Gray, Nat. A rr. i. p. 452.—B rit. Exs. :
Larh. Lioh. Hb. n. 96.
Easily recognized by the cæsio-greyish, subpulverulent thallus and the
saffron-red colour of the apotliecia. The thallus is usually subeffuse,
forming a loose crust, rarely determinate and slightly radiating at the
circumference. I t is at times almost entirely evanescent, when it is
Lichen arenarias Pers. in Ust. Ann. A’il. (1794) p. 27. The apothecia,
which are imiato-sessile, are scattered or occasioually a few congregated.
Hab. On sandstone roeks and walls, rarely on bricks, in maritime and
lowland districts.—Distr. Local and scarce in S.E. and W. England,
and in S. Wales.—B. M. : Strumpshaw, Norfolk ; Bury St. Edmund’s,
Suffolk ; Maidstone, Kent ; Fairlight, Hastings, Sussex ; Isle of Wight ;
near Hereford; near Monmouth; Wisbech aud Waterbeach, Cambridge;
near I.ydstep, Pembrokeshire.
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