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Tribe I I . PYRE NO PS El , Nyl. ex Stiz. St. Gall. Nat. Ges.
187(), p. 1Ü2 {cfr. Cromb. Grovilloa, v. p. 70).
Thallus effuse, th inly granuloso or subsquamulose, rarely subfruticulose,
within rubricóse : gonimia tunioated, single or several
in gelatino-cellular, nodulose and variously arranged syngonimia :
medullary filaments wanting. Apothecia small or minute, lecanorin
e or pju-enocarpous, paraphyses jointed or simple ; spores 8nse,
v e ry ra re ly numerous, simple, ellipsoid, colourless. Spermogones
innate, with simplish sterigmata.
I his tribe differs considerably in external appearance alike from the
preceding and the folloeying, though in the structure of the tliallus and
the character of the gonimia it nearljr agrees with them. Both genera of
which it consists occur iii Britain, ai;d may readily he recognized by the
biood-red colour of the thallus, which becomes apparent when it is
moistened.
3. EUOPSIS Nyl.
Flora. 1875, p. 363
{cfr. Cromb. Grc-
villca, V . p . 76).—
Thallus th in ly crns-
taceous, fragile,
granulato - areolate :
gonimia simple or
several in nodulose
syngottimia. Apotheoia
lecanorine,
small or moderate,
taraphyses articu-
ate ; spores Snm ;
hymenial gelatine
bluish with iodine.
Spermogones with
oblong minute spermatia.
o
' v r n Q
Fig. 3.
Euoptsis hxmalea Nyl.—a. Section of the thaUus, X 200.
b. Two gonimia, X 350. c. Two syngouinha,
X 350. d. Section of apothecium, X 30. e. Section
of part of hymeniura, with theca and paraphyses,
X 350. f . Spores, X 500. g. Section of
spermogone, X 80. h. Sterigmata and spermatia,
X 500.
The old genus Pyrenopsis Nyl. has lately received so many additions
th at it has been -broken up by its author into several genera. The
present genu,s is -n-ell distinguished from Pyreyiopsis by the lecanorine
apothecia and the jointed paraphyses.
1. E. hæm a le a Nyl. Flora, 1875, p. 363.—Thallus indeterminate,
granulose, thinnish, verrucoso-diffract, dark blood-red.
Ajjotheoia moderate, plane or convex, somewhat shining, suboon-
eolorous, or ra th e r paler, the thalline margin thin, a t length
excluded ; spores simple, 0 ,0 1 1 -1 6 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 6 -7 mm. thick ;
hymenial gelatine, especially the thecæ, deep-blue with iodine.—
Cromb. Grevillea, xv. p. 10 .— Pyrenopsis hæmalea Nyl., Strn.
Grevillea, ii. p. 7 1 : Cromb. Journ. Bot. 1874, p. 3 3 2 ; Leight.
Collema hoemaleum, Somm.Lioh. F l. cd. 3, p. 15. Suppl. Fl. Lapp.
(1826) p. 117.
The thallus occasionally occurs in small patches intermixed with other
cru-staceous lichens, but generaUy by itself, and spreading to a moderate
extent over the substratum. Sometimes a sterile and less developed,
though very similar, plant occurs -which probably belongs to this species.
The apothecia are usually numerous and crowded, becoming when old
convex and darker in colour.
Ilab. On mica-schist rocks in subalpine and alpine tracts.—
Bistr. Local and scarce among the S.W. Grampians, Scotland and
in N.W, Ireland.—B. JM. : Ben Cruachan, Argyleshire ; Ben Lawer.s,
Perthshire. Connemara, co. Galway.
2. E. granatina Nyl. Flora, 1875, p. 363.—Thallus effuse, thin,
granulose, rimoso-diftraot, reddish-brown or rubriooso-reddisb, the
granules somewhat plane, opaque, riiguloso-nodulose, oontiguou.s,
rotundato-difform. Apothecia small, shining, several in each thalline
granule, subooncolorous, whitish within, th e margin th in , entire ;
spores simple or spuriously 1 -septate, 0 ,0 0 9 -1 2 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 4 5 -
55 mm. thick ; hymenial gelatine, especially th e thecæ, bluish with
iodine.—Cromb. Grevillea, xv. p. 10.— Pyrenopsis granatina Nyl ,
ex Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 2 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 14, ed. 3, p. 15.
Lecanora granatina Somm. Suppl. Fl. Lapp. (1826) p. 90.
Distinguished from the preceding by the paler colour of the thallus, the
nodulose and irregularly rotundate granules, a)id the apothecia. In manner
of growth it is similar to Pyrenopsis hoematopis, and is little conspicuous
except in wet weather. The apothecia become at length nearly biatorine,
with excluded margin.
Ilab. On granitic rocks and schistose boulders in alpine localities.—
Bistr. Very local and rare among the mountains of N. Wales and the
S. and W. Grampians, Scotland.—B. M. : Llyn Aran, near Dolgelly,
Merionethshire. Ben Cruachan, Argyleshire ; ”Craig Calliach and Ben
Lawers, Perthshire.
4. PYRENOPSIS Nyl. Mém. Son. Cherb. iii. (1855) p. 1 6 4 ;
Syn. i. p. 97 {cfr. Stiz. St. Gall. Nat. Ges. 1876, p. 193).—Thallus
th in ly crustaceous, granulose or subsquamulose, ra re ly subfruticulose;
gonimia simple or several in nodulose syngonimia. Apotheoia sub-
lecanoroid or pseudo-pyrenooarpous, small or minute, paraphyses
simple, slender ; spores 8næ, very ra re ly numerous ; hymenial
gelatine bluish or wine-red with iodine. Spermogones with oblong
minute spermatia.
As re-arranged by Nylander, this is a very natural and well-defined
genus, in consequence of Euopsis having been raised into a separate genus
and Collemopsis relegated to the Collemacei. I t is at once distinguished
from Euopsis by having the disc of the apothecia subclosed, and hv the
paraphyses not being articulate. More recently it has been divided by
Nylander into two subgenera, viz. Eupyrenopsis Nyl. and Cladopsis Nyl.,
of which only the former occurs in this country.
I . P. hæmatopis F r. fil. N. Ac. Reg. Soc. So. Upsal. ser. 3, iii.
(1861) p. 2 8 4 .—Thallus effuse, crustose, opaque, verrucoso-unequal,