ii. p. 383. Coralloides corniculatum, f a d tevuioris fa d e Dill. Ahisc.
p. 118, t. 17. f. 37.
Somewhat resembles a small Fuctis, and has been placed hv author.« in
different genera, though hy some regarded as a proper genus. The typically
depressed or subdepressed thallus, as observed by Nylander I. c., and tlio
nature o fth e spermogones, induce us to refer it to Parmelia, near P. Janata,
to which in various respects it has a marked affinity. The thallus
is closely aud umbilieately affixed to the substratum, over which it occasioually
.spreads in large patches, though usually it occurs in small aud
scattered tufts. The apothecia, which are common, are subterminal on
short deflexed ramules ; the spermogones are numerous, prominent, witli
spermatia 0,005 mm. long, 0,001 mm. thick.
Ilab. On rocks and boulders in mountainous districts.—Distr. Local in
W. and N. England and in AVales; more frequent in the Highlands,
Scotland, especially on the N. Grampians ; rare in S.AV. Irelaud.—B. AI.:
Dartmoor, Devonshire ; Alalvern Hills, AVorcestershire ; Sugar Loaf Alt.,
Aloumouthshire; The Glydir.s, Snowdon, and Aloel Siahod, Carnarvonshire
; Cader Idris, Alerionethshire ; Eglestone, Durham; Crickley Scar,
Yorkshire; Alardale, AVestmoreland; The Cheviots, Northumberland;
Ennerdale, Cumberland. New Galloway, Kirkcudhrightshire ; Beu Alore,
Ben Lawers, and Beu A’raclrie, I’erlh.shire; Clova Alts., head of the AA’hite
AVater, and Katelaw, Forfarshire ; Hill of Ardo, near Aberdeen; near
Invercauld, Craig Coinnoch, Alorrone, Glen Callater, Glen Dee, and Ben-
naboord, Braemar; Ben Nevis, Inverness-shire. Dunkerron, co. Kerry.
B. E E IIIZ IN O SÆ .—Thallus glabrous beneath (subgenus
Uypogymnia Nyl. Flora, 1881, p. 537).
30. P. physodes Aoh. Aleth. (1803) p. 250.— Thallus moderate
or somewhat large, substollate, loosely adnato, smooth, imbrioato-
laciniate, glaucous-white ; beneath brownish-blaek, paler a t tho
eircumforenoe, rugose, naked ; laciuiæ multifid, linear, sinuate, somowh
a t plane, th e apices subiiiflatcd, imperforate (K]|]yellow, CaCl“ »
medulla K (CaGl)-f red). Apothecia subpedicellate, moderato, badio-
reddish, th e margin entire ; spores 0,006-8 mm. long, 0,005-6 mm.
thiok.—Hook. F l. Soot. ii. p. 50 ; Sm. Eng. F l. v. p. 204 ;
Aludd, Alan. p. 06; Cromh. Lioh. Brit. p. 36; Leight. Lioh. Fl.
]). 125, ed. 3, p. 116.—Physcia physodes Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 436.
Lichen physodes Linn. Sp. PI. (1753) p. 1144 ; Huds. F l. Angl.
p. 447 ; Lightf. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 882 ; AA’ith . Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 32 ;
Eng. Bot. t. 126 (middle fig. pro parte). Lichenoides ceratophyllon
ohtusius et minus ramosum Dill. Afuse. p. 154, t. 20. f. 4!) a , ii ; iu
Hay, Syn. cd. 3, p. 76, n. 85.—B r it. E xs. : Leight. n. 48 pro pa rte ;
Cromb. n. 31.
Readily recognized by the naked under surface and the more or less
inflated apices of the laciniæ. The thallus is normally orbicular, hut at
length becomes expanded, varying considerably in the character of
the lacimæ, and thus presenting several forms and varieties. The apothecia
are not frequent in Britaiu ; they are urceolate, and small when
young, at length large, plane and flexuose. ’J’he spermogones are very
abundant and crowded in otlierwise sterile specimens, and are minute,
black, punotiform, with spermatia 0,006-7 mm. long, about 0,001 mm.
tliick. “ ’
Hah. On trees and old walls in maritime and upland districts—Distr.
Kot general nor common tlirougliout Great Dritain ; probably occurs in
Ireland ; fertile chiefly in the Grampians, Scotland.—B. AI. : Hay Tor,
Dartmoor, Devonshire ; Gopsall Park, Leicestershire ; Black Edge, Buxton,
and Cromford_ Aloor, uear Alatlock, Derbyshire ; Lickey Hills, AVor-
eestei'shire ; AA'rokiu Hill, Shropshire; Stormy Down, Glamorganshire;
Nannau, near Dolgelly, Cwm Bychan, Garth, near Barmouth, Alerioneth-
•slnre ; Island of Anglesea ; Gateshead Fell, liurham ; near Kendal, AA’estmoreland.
Near Inverary, Argyleshire ; Crianlarich, Killin, Ben Lawers,
aud Aloncriefle Hill, Perthshire ; Hill of Ardo, near Aberdeen ; Castleton,
Alorrone, and Glen Derr}', Braemar; Rothiemurchus AA’oods, Inverness-
shire ; Uust, Shetland.
Form 1. la h ro s a Ach. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. 493,—Laciniæ with
the apices asoonding, somowhat dilated, recurved and sorediate.—
Cromb. Lioh. Brit. p. 36 pro p a rto .—Parmelia gihijsodes f. recurva
Leight. Lioh. Fl. p. 126, ed. 3, p. 117. Parmelia physodes Tayl.
ill Alack. F l. Hib. ii. p. 149. Liehen physodes Eug. Bot. t. 126
(upper fig.). Lichenoides ceratop>hylion ohtusius et minus ramosum
Dill. AIuso. p. 154, t. 20. f. 49 o,—B rit. E xs. : Loight. ii. 48 pro p arte,
n. 3 8 9 ; Aludd, n. 7 0 ; Cromb. ii. 1 4 4 ; Larb. Lich. Hb. ii. 290 ;
Bohl. n. 13.
Diflers only in the recurved and sorediate apices of the laciniæ. As
noticed by Acharius I.e. these, in consequence of being ruptured beneatli,
dilated and inflated, present a pulverulent and verrucose small lip. I t is
a mere condition, depending on age or nature of habitat, and not a variety ;
indeed it is difficult to find old specimens of the normal type of the species
in which some of the laciniæ have not these characters, so th at Acliarius
subsequently (Syn. p. 218) with propriety regarded it as a mere state.
The apothecia are for the most part plentiful, becoming large in old age.
Hah. On trees, old pales, rocks and walls, in maritime and upland
districts,—Distr. General and common in most parts of Gre.at Britain,
probahlv also of Ireland ; rare in the Channel Islands ; fruiting freely in’
the Highlands, Scotland.—B. AI. : Quenvais, Island of Jersey ; Island of
Guernsey. AA’altharastow and Epping Forest, Essex ; Alillhill, Middlesex
; Ardingley Rocks, Sussex; New Forest, Hampshire ; AA’ithiel and
Penzance, Cornwall ; Sandy, Bedfordshire ; near Cambridge ; Charnwood
Forest and Gopsall, Leicestershire ; Church Stretton, AVrekiii Hill, and
Stiperstones, Shropshire ; Cwm Bychan, Cader Idris, and near Dolgelly,
Alerionethshire ; Lounsdale, Cleveland, Yorkshire ; AVindermere, AVest-
luorehrnd ; Ennerdale, Cumberland, Dairy, Kirkcudhrightshire ; uear
Glasgow ; Swanston AA’ood, Edinburgh ; Killiu and Ben Lawers, Perthshire
; Deerliill Wood, Eorfarshire ; Portlethen, Kincardineshire ; Coun-
te.sswells AA’oods, near Aberdeen ; Invercauld, Alorroue, and Glen Candlic,
Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; Rothiemurchus AVoods and Glen Alorriston,
Inverness-shire; Forres, Elgin; Lairg, Sutherlandshire. Near Cork ;
Dunkerron, oo. Kerry.
Form 2. tu b u lo s a Alndd, Alan. (1861) p. 97.—Laoiniæ lax,
ascending, tubulose, turgid and sorediate a t th e apices. xApotheoia
very ra re .—Parmelia ceratophylla e. tubulosa Schær. Enum. (1850)
s 2
t , i |