m
i»ic i
1. L. pygm®a Ag. Syn. Alg. 1817, p. 9 ; Nyl. Syn. i. p. 91, t. ii.
16.-—Thallus somewhat small, cmspitosely branched, g re en ish -o r
brownish-black ; branches erect, compressed upwards, obtuse a t the
apices. Apothecia small, coiioolorou.s, th e ostiole slightly open or
irregularly dehiscent; spores 0 ,0 2 2 -2 9 mm. long, 0 ,0 1 1 -1 6 mm.
th ick .—Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 3 8 8 ; Hook. PI. Scot. ii. p. 96 ; Sm.
Engl. El. V. p. 270 ; Grev. Soot. Crypt, t. 219 ; Tayl. in Mack. El.
Hib. 11. p. 1 7 0 ; Mudd, Man. p. 33, t. i. f. 1 ; Cromb. Lich. Brit,
p. 2 ; Leight. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, xvi. p. 12, t. iv.
f. 21 ; Lich. El. p. 13, ed. 3, p. 11.—Fanis pygmwus Lightf. Fl.
Scot. ii. (1777) p. 964, t. 32 ; With. Arr. ed. 3, p. 100 ; Turn. Hist.
Fuc. t. 204. ff. a - h ; Eng. Bot. t. 1322. Facus p um ilv s Huds. El
Angl. ed. 2, p. Exs. : Leight. n. 260 ; Larbal. Crosar.
n. 5 1 ; Cromb. n. 1.
This plant, which is about half an inch or a little more in heiirht
might certainly, at first sight, be taken for a diminutive Fucus. The
fructification, however, sufficiently shows its true systematic place ; and
indeed, considering th at Lightfoot (I. c.) pointed out liow nearly it was
related to Lichens, it is strange th at it should have been so long referred
to the AlgiB. Both the apothecia and the spermogones are numerous
the latter with spermatia ellipsoid or oblongo-ellipsoid, about 0,003 mm’
long, 0,001 mm. thick. '
Ilab. On rocks exposed to the action of the tide in maritime districts.—
D ktr. General and common on all the more rocky coasts of the Channel
Islands, Great Britaiu, and Ireland, but apparently not occurring in the
N.E. of Scotland.—B. M. : Islands of Guernsey, Sark, and Alderney
Ventnor, Isle of W ig h t; llsham rocks, near Torquay, Bighury Bay, ahd
Boveysand Bay, Devonshire; Mount’s Bay, St. Minver, and Seilly Isles
Cornwall; near Peel, Isle of Man ; near Whitehaven, Cumberland’
Near Caroline Park, Edinburgh; Loch Oreran and Island of Mull
Argyleshire. Near Castlefreke, co. Cork ; coast of Connemara, Galway. ’
2. L. conflnis Ag. Sp. Alg. 1823, p. 105.—Thallus ra th e r small,
densely osespitosely branched, oHve- or b row n ish -b la ck ; branches
erect, rounded, subfastigiate. Apotheoia small, concolorous, th e
ostiole slightly open or irregularly dehiscent; spores 0 ,0 2 2 -2 9 mm.
long, 0 ,0 1 1 -1 6 mm. thick.—Sm. Engl. E l. v. p. 2 7 0 ; Tayl. in Mack.
F l. Hib. ii. p. 1 7 0 ; Mudd, Man. p. 3 4 ; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 2 ;
Leight. Ann. Mag. Nat. H ist. ser. 3, xvi. p. 12, t. 4. f. 2 2 -
Lioh. El. p. 13, ed. 3, p. 12.—Lichen confinis Aoh. Prodr. (1798)
p. 208 ; Eng. Bot. t. 2575. Focus pygmocus ft. minor Turn. Hist.
Euo. t. 204. ff. i-o. Lichina p um ila Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 388.
Lichina pyjgrncca fi. yyiinor Hook. F l. Scot. ii. p. 9 8 .~ B r it . Exs. :
Larbal. Caesar, n. 1 ; Lich. Hb. n. 281.
From L. pyyynxa, to which it is suhsimilar, this is distinguished by
being considerably smaller, scarcely | in. high, even in favourable situa-
teons, and by having the branches more crowded and not compressed
The apothecia are frequent, though in situations farther removed froni
tidal action it often occurs infertile. The spermogones, especially iu
otherwise barren specimens, are very abundant, with spermatia 0 0030-
35 mm. long, 0,001 mm. thick. ’
•Î
J .
MOHINA.] MOUINEI. 33
th e^ sn ra v ^t ie spiay onf ftlhre^ '^s'e'^a, in maritime districts.—Dfsfr. Generalc aasnhde dv ebryy
I s h n t oTeaT^?rha- “ 4 T " ! " i Channel
Scotlmid B V tT Ireland; more frequent on the N.E. of
^ 3 Islands of Jersey, Guernsey, and Alderney. White-
Is atd^‘''c<™wAl7 Gerraus, Land’s End, and Scilly
Elands Loinwall; lenby, Pembrokeshire; Southerndown, Glamorn-an-
T r® k Merionethshire; Puffin Island, Anglesea; Port Sodefick
PovtWV, r f " a -‘‘“ 1 ? Westmoreland; St. Bees, Cumberland’
-e i f ’ ; Island of Mull and Loch Crerau, Aro-yle^
9. LICHINIZA Nyl. Flora, 1881, p. 6.—Thallus minutely
Z w cliesto'il-brown, with pro-
3 w s h 7 " subglohose papillæ; gonimia sordidyellowish,
rad ia te ly arranged in th e thalline globules in moniliform
series. Apotheoia leoanorine?, terminal. Spermogones not
S6GI1,
Though differing m e.xternal appearance from the precediu»’ genus
teis nearly agrees with it in texture. This, however, as obselwfd by
Nylandei, is cellular, thinner, and more irregular, while the gonimia
are differently colomed. Its true place, in the agseuc^ of rio-htly d e r eC e d
termiiml 1 1 P' 6— Apothecia minute,
terminal on and concolorous w ith th e thalline globules, lecanorine ;
spores 8n® ellipsoid, simple, colourless.”—Cromb. Grevillea, x
p. — bynaussa Kenmorensis Holl, MS. (1872).
The thallus is effuse and apparently widely spreading In the snecie
S e Z a f Z / e a Z iZ "‘P^Ibeeium was visible, similar in
Zm-merl 1° *^8 youug apothecia of Lichina. Dr. IIoll
mfoimed me th at the spores were seen by him in a better-fruited sne
cimen, though not well developed. n u iteu spemountainous
situations.
JJistr Veij local and rare, having been found only in one
S s h i i e . B -M .: Shores of Loch Tay, Kenmore,
10. PTBEYGIUM Nyl. Bull. Soo. Bot. i. (1854) p. 3 2 8 ; Syn.
rndf'atP t k ™ P- J4 .—Thallus apprcssed, th in ly divided,
radiate a t th e circumference, polished in section; gonimia
often moniliformly concrete, arranged chiefly under th e cortical
ay er; thm section of thaUus bluish on th e lower side. Apothecia
lecideine ; spores 8næ, eUipsoid or oviform, septate, colourless
; hymemal gelatine, espeoiaUy th e thecæ, bluish w ith iodine.
Spermogones w ith long jointed sterigmata and stra ig h t spermatia
■ill;