81 T . lC in îNA™. [SPHINCTKTNA. SMINCIKIN A. ] C A I . IC IH I . 8-3
wooded tracts.—D k tr . General and not nneoininon in England ; rare in
iS. and Central Scotland and in S. Ireland.—B. AI.: Hozel, Island of
Jersey; Guernsey. Yarmoutli, Siiilblk ; Epping- Forest, Essex ; Sliiere,
Surrey ; Sibertswold, K e n t; Henfield and St. Leonard’s Forest, Sussex;
A'eutnor, Isle of AVigbt; New Forest, Hants ; near AVitliiel, Cornwall;
Chedwortli AVoods aud Oakley Park, near Cirencester, Gloucostershire ;
near AVorccster; Shrewsbury, Sbropsbire ; Haj' AVood, Herefordsbire ;
near Ayton, Cleveland, Yorksliire ; ¿even’s Park, AA’estmoreland. New
Galloway, Kirkcudbrightsbire ; lioseneath, Diiinbartonsbire ; Craigfortb,
Stilling-; Oarse of Gow’rie, Perthshire. Blarney ,"nd Ardrum, co. Cork ;
Curragbiuore, near AVaterford ; Glenstale, co. Tipperary.
2. S. anglica N jl. Syn. i. (I8C0) p. 143, t. v. f. 3.—Thallus (if
proper) effuse, th in , granuloso-unequal, greyish-brown or olive-
green, or evanescent. Apothecia small, scattered, substipitate,
globose or g loboso-turbinate; spores simple, globose, sometimes
ellipsoid or oblong, 0 ,0 0 8 -1 3 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 6 -9 mm. th ic k ;
hymenial gelatine bluish with iodine.—Alndd, Alan. p. 255 : Cromb.
Lioh. Brit. p. 1 1 ; Leight. Lioh. Fl. p. 38, ed. 3, p. 38.— Galicium
mierocephdlum Turn. & Borr. Lich. Br. p. 130 ; Sm. Eng. El. v.
p. 138. Phacotiwn (errore Phacotrum) microceplialum Gray, Nat.
Arr. i. p. 482. Lichen microeephalus Eng. Bot. t. 1865.—In giving
tlie specific name of amjlica, Nylander {I. e.) observes th a t the older
name microcephala is no t suitable to th e apothecia.
Differs from S. turhinata in the apparently (tliougli very doubtfully)
proper thallus, iu the more stipitate apothecia, aud the larger spores. In
the original specimen figured in E. B., the thallus is partly subtartareo-
gramilose and partly subevanescent; but I have never seen the fertile
plant in situ, though I have observed a similar sterile thallus in many
places. The spermogones appear to be rare, and sparingly scattered,
with spermatia as in S. turhinata, or slightly Ic.rger.
Hah. On old rails, especially oak, in sbady situations in maritime and
upland tracts.—D k tr. Only sparingly in a few localities in S. and Central
England.—B. AI. : Caistor, near A’armouth, Norfolk; Ardingley and
Albourne, Sussex ; Twycross, Leicestershire.
3. S. microcephala Nyl. Mem. Soo. Cherb. v. (1857) p. 91.—
Thallus none. Apotheoia minute, sessile or substipitate, globose
or globoso-turbinate; spores simple, fnsiformi-ellipsoid, somewhat
large, 0 ,0 1 1 -1 6 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 7 -8 mm. thick ; hymenial gelatine
faintly bluish with iodine.—Nyl. Syn. i. p. 144, t. v. f. 2 ; Cromb.
Lich. Brit. p. 11 ; Leight. Lioh. E l. p. 39, ed. 3, p. 3 8 .— Sphinctrina
turhinata ¡3. microcephala Aludd, Man. p. 256. Calicium micro-
eeph ilum Tnl. Alem. Lioh. (1852) p. 78, t. 15. f. 20.
Also closely allied to S. turhinata, but may readily be distinguished on
inicroscopicai examination by the form and size of the spores. In our
Britisb specimens the apotbecia, which are smaller than in the preceding
species, are usually rather scattered, as are also the spermogones.
Hah. On the tliallus of Pertusaria melaleuca in shady woods in niari-
tiine tracts.—Distr. Only in the Cliaunel Islands and the S. coast of
Eiwland, tlioiigli no doubt o v e r l o o k e d elsewliere.-B. AI. ; Rozel, Island
of Jersey. Near Brockeiiburst, New Forest, Hampshire.
4 S Kylemoriensis C r o m b . J o u r n . Bot. 1882, p. 274.—Thallus
iioim proper. Apotheoia minute, very shortly stip ita te or subsessile,
tho stipes slender, p a le ; eapitulum turbinato-globosc, black or
blackish, somewhat shining ; spores simple, globulose, dark-brown
0 0 0 4 -6 mm. in diameter ; hymenial gelatine pale bluish and then
sirdid with iodine.— CaKcwm Kylemonense Larb ex Leight. Linn.
Z a n s . n. ser. Bot. 1878, p. 242, t. 23. ff. 1 2 -1 4 ; Lich. I I . od. 3,
p. 42. . . - ,
Tliis “ very beautiful new species ” (Ijsigbt.) is intimately allied to
S. torimai«, from wliich it differs merely in the paler («I°7 Z t 7 s r x r
colorons) stipes, the smaller capitiilum and spores, as also in the saxi
colons habitat. I t is probably not a distinct species.
Hah On rocks in maritime tracts. Parasitic on the tballi f Lecnaoni
narella and L. nitens.—Dktr. Local and rare, in the Channd Islands and
in N.AAi*. Ireland.—B. AI. ; Island of Sark. Kylemore, co. Galway.
21 c a l ic iu m : Pers. Ust. Ann. Bot. vii. (1794) p. 20 ; Nyl.
Svn i. p. 145.—Thallus th in , granulose, pulverulent or evaiiesoont,
vorv rarely squamulose, or none proper. Apothecia stipitate, rarely
suhLssile, black; eapitulum globose or tu rb in a te ; theoæ ®'^ancscent;
sporal mass umbrine or black ; spores spherical, ellipsoid or oblong,
llrnplo or septate, brown or blackish ; hymemal gelatine rarely
tinged with iodine. Spermogones with short, oblong spermatia.
The species of this genus are very rarely parasitic, and by this, as w l l
as by the .stipitate apothecia, the genus is dnstinguislied from
For the most part the plants spiæad extensively over the s bs ^
tliouo-h the thallus often becomes evanescent I t is divided into two
subgmiera, founded on the character of the gomdia.
Subgen. ALLODIUM Nyl. Elora,
1880, p. 392.—Thallus with cylindrical
gonidimia; spores spherical, simple,
brownish, sporal mass umbrine.
1. C. trichiale Aoh. Lich. Univ.
(1810) p. 242.—Thallus th innish,
minutely graniiloso-squamulose, greyish
yellow or greyish-glauoous (K — ).
Apotbecia somewhat small, scattered
or crowded, stipes usually slender,
black ; eapitulum globose-lenticular,
black, beneath greyish-suffused, a t
length naked ; spores 0 ,0 0 2 5 -4 5 mm.
in diameter.—Aludd, Alan. p. 2 5 9 ;
Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 1 2 ; Leight.
Lioh. El. p. 41, ed. 3, p. 49.— Calicium
oeruginosum /3. cm-ulescens Turn.
& Borr. Lioh. Br. p. 156.
/
Fig. 23.
Calicium trichiale Acli.—a. Go-
nidimia, X 850. h. Apothecium,
X 30. c. Vertical section
of upper portion of an
apothecium (moistened), X 30.
d. Theca and paraphysis, X
350. e. Spores, X 500.
/. Spermatia, X 500.
I ) I
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