numerous, and the spermogones, which are not uncommon, have the
spermatia equally cylindrical, 0,000 mm. loug, about 0,001 mm. thick.
Jlah. On tlie trunks and branches of trees, and on old pales, rarely
erratic on stone walls, cliiefly in cultivated lowland and upland districts.
—Distr. General aud common throughout Great Britain and probably
Hyde, Isle of AVight ; Wembury, Devonshire ; near AA’ithiel, Cornivall ;
15ourn, Cambridgeshire ; Milton, Oxfordshire ; Bolton Abbey, Lincolnshire
; Twycross, Leicestersliire ; Aloor Dark, Herefordshire ; Crowle,
AVorcestershire ; near Slirewsbury, Shropsliire ; Aberdovey and Anglesea,
N. AVales; Ayton, Cleveland, ATorkshire ; Aliddleton, Teesdale, Durham ;
Kendal, AVestmoreland. Largs, Ayrshire; near Kdiiihurgh; Appin,
Argyleshire ; Killin and Blair Athole', Perthshire ; Cults, near Aberdeen,
and Abergeldie Castle, Abordeeiisliiro ; Applecross House, Ross-sliiro ;
Carrigaloe and Agliada, co. Cork ; Ballynegarde, co. Limerick ; Duii-
keiTOii, CO. Kerry.
Form 1. panniformis Cromb. Jo u rn . Linn. Soo. Bot. xvii. (1880)
p. 5 7 1 ; Jo u rn . Bot. 1882, p. 273.—Thallus with the laoiniæ short,
crowded, densely imbricate. Apothecia small.—LioJienoides glaucum
orbiculare, segmentis latiusctdis, scutellis nigris Dill. AIuso. 177, t. 24.
f . 71 D.
One of those panniform conditions of foliaceous lichens wiiich have
recently been noted, forming as it were a tliickish congested crust, the
laciuiæ presenting their normal appearance only at the extreme circuni-
ferouce of the thallus in entire specimens. In the fertile plants seen, the
apothecia are few and small, with the receptacular margin thickish.
Iluh. On the trunks of old trees in upland districts.—Distr. Only iu
W. Fngland and among the Central Grampians, Scotland.—B. AJ. ; Ila r-
boro’ Alagna, AA’arwickshire. Craig Tulloch, Blair Athole, Perthshire.
Form 2. deminuta Cromb. Jo u rn . Bot. 1882, p. 273.-—Thallus
effuse, more or less diffract, th e laciniæ minute. Apothecia very
small, pruinose.
Probably only a starved condition of the preceding form, in which the
laciuiæ are either somewhat congested or scattered. In our few specimens
the apothecia are, with one exception, very sparingly present.
Jlab. Ou the trunks and branches of trees in maritime and upland districts.—
Distr. Only sparingly in S. and AV. England, S. AA’ales, and tho
Channel Islands.—B. AI. : Island of Guernsey. Shanklin and Appuldui-
conibe, Isle of AA’ight ; near Cirencester, Gloucestershire ; Dolgelly,
Alerionethshire.
Form 3. argyphea Nyl. Lioh. Soand. (1861) p. 104.—Thallus
entirely white-pruiiiose ; laoiniæ somewhat firm and slightly d ilated
a t tho circumference. Apotheoia constantly pruinose, the receptacle
often unequal or sometimes suhcrenulate.— Cromb. Journ. Linn. Sec.
Bot. xvii, p. 571.—Parmelia pulverulenta fl. argyphea Ach. Lich.
Univ. (1810) p. 474. Lichenoides glaucum orbiculare, segmentis
latiuseulis, scutellis nigris Dill. AIusc. 177, t. 24. f. 71 n.
I ’he milk-white pruina with which the thallus and apothecia are
covered is often but little dense. I t lias somewhat the appearance of
suhsp. jntyrea, from which it at once differs in the absence of soredia.
The apothecia are rare in the British specimens.
Hab. On trunks of trees in maritime aud mountainous districts.—
Distr. A'ery local and scarce in S. Englaud, the Central Grampians,
Scollaiid, and S.W. Irelaud.—B. AI. ; Isle of AVight. Craig Tulloch,
Blair Athole, Perthshire. Adare, co. Limerick.
Var. p. snbvenusta Nyl. Bull. Soo. Linn. Normand, sér. 2, t. vi.
(1872) p. 285.—Thallus more or less pruinose. Apothecia modera
te or somewhat largo, pruinose, th e receptacle crowned a t the
base.— Physcia pulverulenta f. laciniolata Cromb. Jo u rn . Bot. 1872,
p. 358. P. pulverulenta var. venusta Leight. Lioh. F l. p. 147 pro
parte, ed. 3, p. 136 pro parte. Lichen pulverulentus Eng. Bot.
t. 2063. Lichen stellaris p. L i ^ t f - E l. Soot. ii. p. 824 ; y. Huds. Fl.
Angl. ed. 2, p. 534 ; var. 3, AVith. A rr. ed. 3, iv. p. 31. Lichenoides
scutellis limbo cinereo crispo cinetis Dill, in Kay Syn. ed. 3, p. 75.
Distinguished by the lacinioli or lobules which crown the base of the
receptacle, in which respect it is suhsimilar to subsp. venusta. Occasionally
the thallus also is more or less covered with minute suberect
lobules. The apothecia are generally numerous, and, in entire specimens,
some have the receptacle nearly or quite naked.
Hab. On the trunks of old trees in maritime and upland districts.—
Distr. Somewhat local and scarce in England ; rare in S. Scotland and
among the S. Grampians.—B. AI. ; Norwich, Norfolk; Ileniield and
Glynde, Sussex ; Respriiig and uear Penzance, Cornwall ; Kemble, AVilt-
sliiie; AVindsor Great Park, Berkshire; near Cambridge; Oswestry,
Shropshire ; Levens, AVestmoreland. Eavelrig, near Ediuburgh ; Eiii-
larig, Killin, Perthshire.
Var. y. angustata Nyl. Act. Soo. Linn. Bord. sér. 3, i. (1856)
p, 308.—Thallus somewhat small, pale greyish-red or subcervino,
opriiiiiose ; laciniæ narrow, discrete, beneath densely blackish-hispid
w ith rhiziniæ. Apothecia ra th e r small, naked or pruinose, brown
or brownish-blaok.—Cromb. Lioh. Brit. p. 38 ; Leight. Lich. Fl.
p. 147, ed. 3, p. 136.— Borrera pulverulenta p. angustata Aludd,
Alan. p. 110. Liehen angustatus Hoffm. Enum. (1784) p. 77, t. 11.
f. 2.
The narrow discrete laciniæ and the numerous rhizinæ render this a
well-marked variety. In its typical condition, as noticed by Acharius,
Lich. Univ. p. 474, tlie laciniæ are continuous from the centre to the circumference
; but intermediate states occur in wiiich the laciniæ are shorter
and not so continuous, as is usually tlie case in Britain. The apothecia
in our specimens are not very numerous.
Hah. On the truuks of old trees in upland districts.—Distr. Local and
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