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corato. Apothecia n o t seen.— Cladonia p y x id a ta y . fim h ria ta k.
abortiva Mudd, Brit. Clad. p. 11. Scyphophora fim h ria ta y . abortiva
Graj', Nat. Arr. i. p. 420. Capitularia p y x id a ta p . longipes B.
abortiva Florke in Web. c t Mohr, Beitr. ii. (1810) p. 294.
Seems to he only a form of this subspecies, next to which it was
placed by Acharius, Sjm. p. 255. I t is distinguished chiefly by the apices
of the podetia and by being always sterile. In the Britisli specimens the
scyphi are not well developed, and only a few spermogones are visible.
Ilab. On semiputrid stumps in upland districts.—Distr. Local and
scarce in N. England and the S.W. Highlands, Scotland.—B. AI.: Near
Ayton, Cleveland, Yorkshire. Barcaldine, Argyleshire.
Var. p . subcomuta Nyl. ex Cromb. Grovillea, xi. (1883) p. 112.
—I ’odctia elongate, simple or sparingly branched above, whitc-
pulvcrulent, subulate and more or less cornuto a t the apices.— Cladonia
fim h ria ta soihsp. subcornuta Nyl. in Flora, 1874, p. 318. Cladonia
poyxidata p. fim h ria ta A. cornuta Aludd, Alan. p. 5 3 ; Brit. Clad,
p. 12. Scyphophora fim h ria ta t¡. cornuta Gray, N a t. Arr. i. p. 420.
Lichen cornutus Lightf. F l. Scot. ii. p. 870 g ; Eng. Bot. t. 1836.
Coralloides v ix ramosum, scyphis obscuris Dill. AIuso. 90, t. 15.
f. 14 D, E.— B rit. E.vs. : Mudd, Clad. nos. 19, 20, 2 1 ; Bohl. n. 48.
Distinguished from C. fibula by the form of the apices of the ascyphous
podetia. In this it closely resembles states of C. cornuta, with which it
has often been confounded, but is distinguisbed by the podetia being
pulverulent throughout. Only spermogones are present in our specimens.
Ilab. On the ground among mosses in upland districts.—Distr. Apparently
not very common in Great Britain and Irelaud.—B. AI.: Epping
Forest, Essex ; Ayton and Baysdale, Cleveland, Yorkshire ; Teesdale,
Durbani. Leadliitls, Lanarkshire; Killin, Perthshire; Countesswells,
near Aberdeen ; Kinnordy AIoss, Forfarshire ; Morrone, Braemar, Aber-
deensbire. Near Cork; Blaris Bridge, Belfast, co. A n trim ; Kylemore,
CO. Galway.
Form 1. nemoxyna Nyl. ex Cromb. Grevillea, xi. p. 112.—Podetia
slender, b ra n ch e d ; branches divided, subuliform. Apothecia not
seen.— Cladonia p y x id a ta e. cornuta 1. nemoxyna Aludd, Brit. Clad,
p. 13. Scyphophora fim h ria ta i . nemoxyna Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 420.
Bceomyees radiatus p . nemoxynus Aoh. Aleth. (1803) p. 342. Cored-
h ides seyphiforme cornutum Dill. AIuso. 92, t. 15. f. 16 D, D, E .
Differs in the subuliformi-branched podetia, with the branches usually
of unequal length. I t occurs only spermogoniiferous.
Hab. On the ground among heaths in upland tracts.—Distr. Local and
scarce in E. and N. England and among the S. Grampians, Scotland;
probably to be detected elsewhere.—B. AI.; Epping Forest, E ssex ;
Ayton Moor, Cleveland, Yorkshire. Killin, Perthshire.
Form 2. tortuosa Nyl. ex Cromb. Grevillea, xi. (1883) p. 112.—
Podetia somewhat stout, flexuose, divaricately branched ; branches
short, subulate, or thickened and obtuse a t th e apices.— Cladonia
p y x id a ta e. cornuta c. tortuosa Aludd, Brit. Clad. p. 12. Cenomyce
tortuosa Del. in Dub. Bot. Gall. ii. (1830) p. 622.
The contorted podetia and the often incrassate apices of tlieir branches
distinguish this form. The podetia are frequently also more or less
squamulose and furfuraceous in the lower portion. In our specimens a
few young apothecia only are present.
Hah. On the ground among mosses in upland districts.—Distr. Seen
only from Central England and N.E. Scotland.—B. AI. : Charnwood
Forest, Leicestershire. Countesswells, near Aberdeen.
Var. y. radiatu Nyl. ex Cromb. Grevillea, xi. (1883) p. 112.—•
Podetia elongate, subulate or soyphiferous ; soyphi narrow, radiate
or radiato-iimbriate a t th e margins.— Cladonia fim h ria ta var. radiata
Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 19. G. p y x id a ta var. fim h ria ta f. radiata
Aludd, Man. p. 53, Brit. Clad. p. 13. Scyphophora fim h ria ta p.
radiata Gray, N at. Arr. i. p. 420. Cenomyce radiata Tayl. iu Mnok-
F l. Hib. ii. p. 81. Lichen radiatus Sohreb. Spio. F l. Lips. (1771)
p. 122 ; With. A rr. ed. 3, iv. p. 38 ; Eng. Bot. t. 1835. Cladonia
p y x id a ta Yar. fim h ria ta f. eornuto-radiata Sohær., Leight. Lioh. El.
p. 62, ed. 3, p. 58. Lichen p y x id a tu s p Huds. 11. Angl. ed. 2,
p. 555. Goralloides seyphiforme cornutum Dill. Muse. 92, t. 15.
f. 16 0, E, G.—B r it. E xs. : Mudd, Clad. n. 23 ; Leight. n . 376 ; Bohl.
n. 47.
This is distinguished by the radiate margins of tbe scyplii ; but_ tbe
ascyphous podetia are very similar to those of the preceding variety,
with which it seems to be confluent. In luxuriant specimens the scyphi
are expanded, with the subulate fimbriæ more elongate. The apothecia
are not present in our specimens, but the spermogones are frequent.
Hah. On the ground in upland districts.—Dfsir. Probably general in
billy tracts of Great Britain and Ireland, thougb as yet seen only
from comqiaratively few localities.—B. AI. : Near Norwich, Norfolk;
St. Breock, Cornwall; Alalvern, Worcestershire; Barmouth and Aberdovey,
Alerionetbsbire; AVesterdale, Cleveland, Yorkshire. Tongland,
Kirkcudbriglitshire ; Glen Lochay, Killin, Perthshire ; Kinnordy AIoss,
Forfarshire; Durris, Kincardineshire; Countesswells, near Aberdeen.
Aghalee bog, N.W. of Lough Neagh, co. Londonderry; Killarney, co.
Kerry.
11. C. gracilis Hoffm. Deutsch. F l. ii. (1795) p. 119.—Thallus
sparingly squamuloso-foliolose a t th e base ; squamules olive-green
or brownish above, wh itish beneath, often evanescent; podetia
elongate, slender, corticate, glabrous, simple or branched, subulate
or soyphiferous a t tho apices ; soyphi narrow, denticulate a t th e
margins, pale-greyish or pale-greenish, occasionally snbspadioeous
(K —, CaCl—). Apotheoia e ith e r pedicellate or sessile, moderate,
b rown or reddish; spores oblong, 0,0 0 9 -0 ,0 1 2 mm. long, 0 ,0 0 3 5 -
0,004 mm. thick.— Cromb. Grevillea, xi. p. 112 ; Leight. Lich. Fl.
p. 62, ed. 3, p. 58. Cladonia graeilis d. chordalis Mudd, Brit. Clad,
p. 1 7 ; Cromb. Lioh. Brit. p. 19. G. gracilis y .h y b r id a c. chordalis
Mudd, Alann. p. 55. Scyphophorus graeilis Sm. Eng. El. v. p. 239.