the same. We have a fragment collected by Eschscholtz which accords
with Pursh’s character.
109. A . foliaceus (Lindl.) : stem simple 7 racemose; leaves oblong-lanceolate,
clasping, somewhat serrate, glabrous ; heads terminating the axillary
branchlets ; scales of the involucre spreading, foliaceous, glabrous. Lindl.
in DC. prodr. 5. p. 228. A. peregrinus, Less, in Linncea, l. c. ? ex DC.
Unalaschka, Fischer.—Species remarkable for the scales of the involucre,
which resemble the rameal leaves: peduncle tomentose. DC.—De Candolle
also remarks that in his own specimen, likewise received from Fischer,
the scales o fth e involucre are erect instead of spreading, ciliate instead of
entirely glabrous; the leaves obtuse at the base; the stems slightly hairy,
with the hairs here and there somewhat in lines.
110. A . graminifolius (Pursh): slightly pubescent with minute scattered
hairs; leaves very numerous, narrowly linear; stems slender, branched at
the summit; the branches somewhat corymbose, simple, prolonged into
slender naked peduncles terminated by single (small) heads; scales of the
involucre linear-subulate, loose, scarcely in a double series, nearly the length
of the disk; achenia minutely hairy.—Pursh, fl. 2. p. 545 ; Richards. !
appx. Frankl. journ. ed. 2. p. 32 ; Lindl. ! in DC. prodr. b .p . 227. Gala-
tella graminifolia, Hook. ! fl. Bor.-Am. 2. p. 15. Erigeron hyssopifolium,
Michx.! ft. 2. p . 123.
Hudson’s Bay, Michaux! 8f Herb. Banks, to Slave Lake, Richardson!—
Stem 6-12 inches high, clothed like the leaves with minute and often sparse
somewhat strigose hairs; the simple branches leafy like the stem below; the
upper portion, or peduncle, leafless or nearly so, 2-3 inches long. Leaves
an inch or more in length, acute or mucronulate, with a conspicuous midrib,
and the broader ones presenting lateral veinlets or ramified nerves. Heads
about a third of an inch in diameter; the involucre resembling an Erigeron.
Rays 15-25, fertile, purple or rose-color, much longer than the disk. Appendages
of the style very short, triangular. Achenia narrow, compressed,
scabrous-hirsute under a lens.—This plant bears no small resemblance to
Aster roseus, Stev. (Calimeris rosea, DC .); which, however, has larger heads,
broader and more unequal and imbricated scales of the involucre, silky-
villous achenia, &e.
§ 5. Scales of the regularly imbricated involucre with membranaceous or
scarious margins, destitute o f herbaceous tips or appendages, often carinate,
mostly unequal: appendages o f the style lanceolate, sometimes oblong or
triangular: receptacle alveolate {flat): bristles of the pappus capillary,
usually unequal.—Orthomeris. (Calimeris, Nees, Lindl., DC., in part;
not of Cass. Species of Heleastrum, DC. Eucephalus, Xylorhiza, & Gala-
tella § Calianthus, Nutt.)
The original Calimeris (Kalimeris platycephala, Cass., or C. incisa, DC.) is distinguished
by its conical receptacle, which is obscurely alveolate, its broad and fla t
margined achenia, and a pappus o f short setaceous-subulate’ bristles, none of which
exceed in length the proper tube of the (disk) corolla. C. integrifolia, V iircs.! presents
the same characters; but, having narrow entire leaves, it accords in habit
with C. Altaica and C. canescens, Nees, C. Tartarica, C. exilis, &c. of Lindley,
and C. rosea, DC. But all the latter have a flat, or at most slightly convex, receptacle,
narrower achenia without distinct margins, and a capillary pappus which is
never much shorter than the corolla. These, in connexion with the Xylorhiza and
a part of Eucephalus of Nuttall, the Aster nemoralis, A it, &c. appear to form a
pretty well defined subgenus, or genus, more nearly allied to Galatella (as that
genus now stands) than to Calimeris, but hardly to be separated from Aster by
those who would retain Tripolium as a subgenus; and A. acuminatus, Michx., with
A. Tartaricus (Linn, ft), DC. will perhaps form a mere section of the same group.
We are acquainted with only two species of Calimeris (thus retricted), viz. C. incisa
and C. integrifolia: the genus should be placed next to Boltonia.—In Sir Wm.
Hooker’s herbarium, two plants (collected at Simla by Lady Dalhousie), very
similar in habit and foliage, are labelled 1 Calimeris nexuosa’ by Dr. Lindley,
neither of which altogether accords with the character given by De Candolle. Both
have a broad and perfectly flat receptacle, and a loose involucre of two series of
scales; the exterior larger, unequal, and more or less foliaceous. One of them has
a double pappus; the inner capillary and as long as the corolla, the outer setaceous
and shorter than the achenia; it therefore belongs to De Candolle’s Diplopappus 5
Calimeridei (certainly not a congener of D. linariifolius, &c.), and is probably C.
asperulus, DC. The other presents a simple setaceous-subulate pappus, shorter
than the achenia and not exceeding the proper tube of the corolla, nearly similar to
the exterior pappus of the preceding plant, which it nearly resembles. The two
should doubtless be united in the same (new 1). genus ; to which, we may remark,
the Aster peduncularis, Wall.! cat. no. 2967 (Amphiraphis peduncularis, DC. prodr.)
algo belongs. The pappus of the latter is manifestly double, and the rays doubtless
not yellow.
* Scales o f the hemispherical involucre unequal, narrowly lanceolate or linear, loosely
imbricated in 2 or 3 series: alveoli ofthe receptacle toothed and lacerate: appendages
o f the style lanceolate: achenia glandular (or hairy): heads loosely corymbose: leaves
ample, cuneiform-lanceolate, coarsely toothed towards the summit, pinnatety veined.
This section might include Aster Tartaricus, Linn, fl, DC.; which has more
obtuse appendages to the style, and broader hairy achenia.
111. A. acuminatus (Michx.) : stem simple, flexuous, pubescent or hairy,
paniculate-corymbose at the summit; the peduncles slender; leaves oblong-
lanceolate or cuneiform-lanceolate, conspicuously acuminate, coarsely or in-
cisely toothed above, the narrowed base, entire, glabrous above, the margins
finely ciliate ; scales of the involucre lax, membranaceous, acuminate; achenia
narrowly oblong, glandular.—Michx. ! fl. 2. p. 109 ; Pursh! fl. 2. p .
555 ; Bigel. ! fl. Bost. ed. 2. p. 312 ; Hook.! bot. mag. t. 2707, &■ fl.
Bor.-Am. 2. p . 9; not of Nees. A. diffusus var. acuminatus, Pers. syn.
2. p . 447. Diplostephium acuminatum, D C .! prodr. 5. p. 273.
In deep rich woods, Canada ! to the mountains of Virginia ; not uncommon
in the New England States ! and New York. Aug.-Oct.—Rhizoma
slender, creeping. Stem 1-2 feet high, bearing rather numerous heads in a
loose paniculate corymb ; or frequently flowering when only 6 inches high,
and bearing very few heads ; the slender peduncles and pedicels pubescent,
slightly viscid, leafless, or with a few subulate bracts. Cauline leaves 3-6
inches long, membranaceous, pubescent or hairy on the veins, at length nearly
glabrous. Heads from one-third to half an inch in diameter. Scales of
the involucre nearly glabrous, membranaceous throughout, often purple, the
innermost linear, very acute, about the length of the disk ; the exterior successively
shorter. Rays 12-18, elongated, white, often tinged with purple.
Appendages of the anthers subulate-lanceolate. Appendages of the style
subulate-lanceolate. Bristles of the pappus capillary, unequal in length, but
otherwise similar.—There is no proper exterior pappus, as in Diplopappus,
& c.; nor are the bristles more unequal than in many genuine Asters.
* * Scales o f the turbinate-hemispherical involucre narrowly linear-lanceolate rather
closely imbricated in about 3 series; the innermost scarcely as long as the disk • the
exterior shorter, loose, passing into subulate bracts; alveoli o f the receptacle short denticulate
: branches ofthe style broadly linear, terminated with a short acutish appendage:
achenia obovoidAwrbinate, turgid, 6-8-ribbed, glandular: pappus copious, obscurely
scabrous: leaves crowded, lanceolate, mostly entire; the lower surface somewhat pin-
nately veined, minutely dotted with resinous globules; heads terminating the simple
pedunculiform branches. (Galatella § Calianthus, Nutt.)