lected in the same region during Major Long’s second expedition ; in which
all the leaves are opposite and somewhat spatulate, the cauline broader, and
nearly agreeing with the character of Mr. Nuttall’s H. pumilus.
34. H . D o u g la s i i : upper part of the stem and branches scabrous-hirsute;
the leaves alternate, rhomboid-oblong, scabrous-pubescent,, obscurely tripli-
nerved, entire or slightly toothed, contracted into winged petioles; peduncles
terminal, naked; exterior scales of the involucre foliaceous, linear-oblong,
obtuse, longer than the disk, spreading or reflexed ; rays 12 or more, small;
chaff of the receptacle entire ; achenia glabrous ; pappus of two deciduous
subulate chaffy awns. .
California, D o u g la s!—The imperfect specimens from which we have
ventured to describe this species (mentioned by Hooker & Arnott in the supplement
to Capt. Beechey’s Voyage, p. 153), consist only of branches, or of
the summit of the stem, which appears to have been weak or decumbent:
the leaves are 2-3 inches long, including the cuneiform base or winged
petiole.
35. H . h isp id u lu s (Ell.): stem scabrous; leaves opposite, sessile, ovate-
lanceolate, tapering towards the summit, serrulate, scabrous on the upper
surface, paler underneath and slightly hispid ; scales of the involucre ovate-
lanceolate, ciliate ; chaff 3-toothed, E l l . sic. 2. p . 419.
Pine barrens near Louisville, Georgia. Sept.-Oct.—Stem 3-4 feet high.
Leaves long, narrow, triplinerved, very obscurely serrulate. Involucre as
long as the disk. Bays 8- 10, about, an inch long. E l l .—So wretched are
the original specimens in Elliott’s herbarium, now before us, that we are unable
to offer any decided opinion respecting this species'; except that it is not
H. divaricatus, hut more likely to prove,_a variety of H. strumosus. The
leaves, although nearly or quite sessile, are contracted at the base, paler beneath,
and beset with small and scattered, father rigid white hairs along the
veins, and sprinkled with minute resinous atoms (under a lens), similar to
what we frequently observe in H. strumosus.
36. H . m u ltifo rm (Linn.): rhizoma terete, indexed ; stem erect, branching,
scabrous ; leaves alternate, sometimes opposite, or the lowest ternate,
petioled, toothed, triplinerved, scabrous; the lower cordate, the upper ovate;
scales of the involucre lanceolate, the exterior linear-lanceolate, ciliate,
spreading, but not squarrose; rays oblong, numerous. D C .—L in n .! (hort.
C liff.) spec. 2. p . 905 ; A i t . K ew . (ed. 1) 3. p . 248 ; L am . ill. t. 706 ; B o t.
m a g . t. 227 ; D C . p r o d r . 5. p . 590, probably not of P u rsh , &c.
Virginia, according to authors (Equatorial America, H o r t. C liff.) ', but
we have seen no native specimens that correspond with the cultivated plant,
which has been known in European gardens for more than 200 years. We
greatly doubt if it were derived from this country ; but if so, it probably originated
either from H. decapetalus or H. doronicoides. It is well characterized
by Linnteus as having cordate-ovate leaves, with the scales of the
involucre [elongated linear-lanceolate] loosely imbricated, neither squarrose
nor drooping.
t t In tro du c ed species.
37. H . tuberosus (Linn.): root bearing oblong tubers ; Stem erect, branching,
scabrous; leaves alternate, petioled, triplinerved, scabrous, serrate; the
lower [opposite] cordate-ovate; the upper ovate, acuminate ; petioles ciliate
at the base; scales of the involucre linear-lanceolate, ciliate. D C .—Jacq.
hort. Vindob. t. 161; Schkuhr, handb. t. 258; B e c k , bot. p . 203; D a rlin g t.~
f l . Cest. p . 484.
Naturalized along fence-rows, &c., in many places, where it becomes
a troublesome weed. Said to have been derived originally from Brazil:
cultivated for a very long period for its fleshy tubers.—Rays 12-15. Pappus
of 1 to 4 subulate scales or chaffy awns.—J eru salem A rtich o k e.
H. neglectnis, Hort. Berol. 1840■ we have seen no description of this species. .Is
it H. rigidus 1
H. viUosus, Nutt, is enumerated in Loud. hort. Brit., but no-where described.
98. HELIANTHELLA.
Heads many-flowered ; the ray-flowers 10-24, neutral; those of the disk
perfect. Scales of the involucre linear or lanceolate, in about. 2 series, loose,
somewhat foliaceous. Chaff of the receptacle persistent, embracing the
achenia. Corolla of the disk cylindrical, elongated, 5-toothed,' with a very
short proper tube. Branches of the style very hispid, more or less obtuse.
Ovary compressed, with one or both margins,slightly winged and produced
at the summit into a short aurieulate and lacerate persistent appendage or
into an awn, sometimes with intermediate squamelke, or an. obscure eoroni-
form fringe, glabrous, or ciliate.—Perennial herbs* with linear or lanceolate
mostly scattered and sessile entire leaves, and solitary showy heads terminating
the stem or branches.
§ 1. Receptacle convex : a p p en d a g e s o f the sty le slender, h is p id throughout.
I. - H . g r a n d if to r a : stem simple, leafy, scabrous-pubescent; leaves lanceolate
linear,' 1-neryed, scabrous-hispid; scales of the involucre lanceolate,
acute, somewhat appressed, about the length of the disk ; rays 16-20, elongated
; chaff of the receptacle as long as the corolla, obscurely 3-toothed ;
immature_ achenia oval, compressed, glabrous, with 2 obtuse auricles at the
summit, which are somewhat lacerate-fringed, and often bear one or more
minute and deciduous aristate squamell®, the whole summit crowned with a
ring of minute hairs; the inner edge slightly winged.
East Florida, D r . L e a v enw o rth ! D r . B u rrow s!—Stem apparently 3-4 feet
high, the base wanting. Leaves without order, sometimes nearly opposite,
2-4 lines wide, obtuse at the base : the lower 2 inches, the uppermost scarcely
an inch long. Disk nearly an inch in diameter ; .the rays sometimes 2
inches long. Corolla sparsely hairy towards the base, the teeth nearly glabrous.
The two gibbosities or auricles of the achenia resemble the pappus of
some species of Coreopsis ; that which is formed by the prolongation of the
inner and wing-like margin of the achenium is often largest: there are no
intermediate. squamellaa, but a. crown-like minute ring' of bristles which
probably takes their place: the small awns or squamellas, when present,
arise from within the auricles.
2. H . tenuifolia stem slender, scabrous, simple, or branching at the summit
; leaves, very narrowly linear, 1-nerved, very scabrous ; scales of the involucre
lanceolate-subulate, loose, hirsute, as-long as the disk; rays 10- 1 2 ;
chaff oblong, 3-lobed, shorter than the corolla; achenia glabrous, short, quadrangular
; the anterior and posterior angles strongest or somewhat margined,
each produced at the summit into a stout persistent chaffy tooth, the intermediate
angles obscurely toothed.
Sand hills, Middle Florida, D r . Chapman !—Leaves 2 inches or more in
length, less than a line wide. Heads not half the size of the preceding.
Disk-corolla short, glabrous; the proper tube very short and indurated.