11. C.foliosa (Nutt.) : uniformly canescent with a soft silky-villous pubescence,
and at the same time scabrous ; stems very leafy to the summit ;
leaves oblong or elliptical, obtuse, mucronulale, not tapering to the base,
closely sessile, or slightly clasping, with very scabrous margins; the lower
sometimes fringed with bristles towards the base ; heads fastigiate-corymbose,
crowded, nearly sessile; involucre campanulate, canescent, rather shorter
than the disk ; the linear-subulate scales closely imbricated.—Nutt. ! in
trans. Amer. phil. soc. 1. c.
Plains of the Platte, in the Rocky Mountains, Nuttall ! Aug.—Stems -
many from the same root, a foot high, canescent with villous soft spreading
hairs, but beneath this somewhat deciduous pubescence very scabrous.
Leaves about an inch long, and half an inch wide, appressed silky, and also
rough beneath this covering. Heads smaller than in C. villosa, with shorter
rays. Pappus brownish.—Allied to the following.
12. C. canescens : silky-canescent throughout, suffrutescent at the base,
much branched, rigid ; stems and fastigiate branches very leafy ; leaves
linear-oblanceolate or spatulate-oblong, mucronate-acuminate, tapering to
the base, sessile, fringed below the middle with long and scattered rigid bristles
; heads mostly solitary terminating the crowded branchlets ; scales of the
campanulate involucre subulate-linear, closely imbricated, canescent.—Aplo-
pappus? (Leucopsis) canescens, DC.! prodr. 5. p. 349 ; not Chrysopsis
canescens, DC. 1. c. p. 328, which is Erigeron (Pseuderigeron) filifolium.
Texas, Berlandier! Drummond! Dr. Riddell! Aug.-Sept.—Variable
in the size and form of the leaves ; those of the branchlets much smaller :
the branches occasionally bear a few bristles like those so conspicuous on the
margins of the leaves. Heads, involucre, and pappus (often ferruginous)
nearly as in C. foliosa, Nutt. Rays rather numerous and short.
* * * Exterior pappus chaffy but very minute ; the inner nearly in a single, series :
heads subtended by foliaceous bracts similar to the upper leaves. (Phyllotheca, Nutt.)
13. C. ? sessiliflora (Nutt.) : hirsute throughout with spreading viscid
hairs ; stem branched ; leaves lanceolate or linear-oblong, acute, sessile, entire
; heads solitary, shorter than the linear-lanceolate involucrate bracts;
scales of the involucre linear-subulate, slender, rather longer than the disk.—
Nutt. ! in trans. Amer. phil. soc. 1. c. p. 317.
St. Barbara, California, Nuttall! April.—2f Plant with “ a heavy aromatic
odor and bitter taste,” clothed with slender viscid hairs, with shorter
glandular hairs intermixed. Leaves an inch long. Rays about 30, narrow,
elongated “ with rudiments of stamina, or filaments. Appendages of the
style oblong, obtuse, shorter than the stigmatic portion. Ovaries villous.
§ 3 . Annual : leaves oblong or lanceolate, somewhat veined ; the lower often
toothed : achenia obovate, compressed : exterior pappus of conspicuous rigid
chaffy scales ; the inner o f25-30 capillary bristles in a single series : receptacle
convex.—Achyræa. (Subgen. Phyllopappus, Nutt. ; not of Walp.)
14. C. pilosa (Nutt.) : villous with very soft and loose partly deciduous
hairs, and minutely viscid-puberulent ; stem simple or loosely branched ;
leaves lanceolate ; the upper closely sessile, acute or mucronulate, entire ;
the lowermost tapering to the base, often toothed ; heads nearly solitary terminating
the branches ; scales of the hemispherical involucre narrowly linear,
very acute, villous and viscid, almost equal, as long as the disk, achenia pubescent,
obscurely impressed-striate.—Nutt. ! in jour. acad. Philad. 7. p. 66,
of trans. Amer. phil. soc. 1. c.
Pine woods and open barrens, Arkansas, Nuttall! Dr. Pitcher ! Louisiana,
Dr. Leavenworth! Dr. Hale! Dr. Carpenter ! Texas, Drummond!
July-Sept.—Stem 1-2 feet high. Heads smaller than in C. villosa, with
numerous elongated rays. Appendages of the style elongated-subulate, more
than twice the length of the stigmatic portion. Inner pappus brownish ; the
exterior whitish, the scales linear-oblong, about one-third the length of the
achenium, slightly denticulate, firm.—The lower leaves are sometimes laci-
niate-toothed or incised.
Subtribe B accharibe.®, Less.—Heads discoid, never radiate, dioecious or
monoecious; the fertile flowers mostly filiform and truncate, and when monoecious
in several series, with the sterile flowers in the centre. Receptacle not
chafly. Anthers not caudate at the base.—Leaves alternate.
56. CONYZA. Linn, (excl. spec.); Less. syn. p. 203.
Heads many-flowered, monoecious; the exterior pistillate and fertile, in
many series, with a filiform truncate or 2-3-toothed corolla; a few of the central
flowers staminate, sterile, but often styliferous or even fertile, with a
tubular 5-toothed corolla. Scales of the involucre in several series. Receptacle
flat or convex, punctate or fimbriilate. Achenia compressed, attenuate
at the base, usually glabrous. Pappus a single series of capillary scarcely
scabrous bristles.—Chiefly tropical herbs, with branching stems, and variously
incised leaves. Heads peduncled, corymbose or paniculate. Flowers
yellow.
1. C. sinuata (E ll.): annual? hairy, somewhat scabrous; lower leaves
sinuate; the lobes oval, acute; the upper linear, entire; heads paniculate;
scales of the involucre linear-subulate ; flowers white, all fertile; achenia
oblong, angled, hairy. Ell. sk. 2. p. 378.
Around Charleston, S. Carolina, very common. April-July.—The plant
scarcely appears to be a native, and has the habit and appearance of an Erigeron.
Elliott.—This plant is entirely unknown to us and is probably not
indigenous. It appears to belong to Conyza sect. Dimorphanthes, the American
species of which frequently have the central flowers perfect and fertile.
C. Chiknsis, Spreng. According to De Candolle, a specimen of this plant in
Hsenke’s collection is said to have been obtained at Mulgrave Sound on the Pacific
coast; but there is doubtless some mistake as to the ascribed habitat of this and
many other of Htenke’s plants.
57. BACCHARIS. L in n .; M ic h x .f i. 2 .p . 125; D C .p r o d r . 5. p . 398.
Heads many-flowered, dioecious; the flowers all tubular and similar. Involucre
somewhat hemispherical or oblong; the scales imbricated in several
series. Receptacle naked, or rarely somewhat chaffy. Corolla in the sterile
flowers somewhat dilated and 5-cleft at the summit; in the fertile filiform,
somewhat truncate. Anthers exserted in the sterile flowers ; entirely absent
in the fertile. Style in fertile flowers exserted ; the branches glabrous ; in
the sterile tipped with an ovate hairy appendage, often more or less abortive.
Achenia ribbed or grooved. Pappus capillary ; of the sterile plant in a sin-
voL. i i .—33