or spatulate-oblong, entire or obscurely denticulate, slightly petioled, thin and
pale, often purplish and glaucous beneath, mostly with purple veins, the
margins and especially the midrib beneath villous, the surfaces often glabrous;
the filiform divaricate peduncles and base of the involucre either
glabrous or sparsely and minutely hispid with short glanduliferous hairs;
achenia linear (very obscurely if at all narrowed at the summit).—Linn,
spec. 2. p. 800 ; W illd .! spec. 3. p. 1570; Pursh, fl. 2. p. 502 ; Ell. sJc.
2. p. 262 ; Hook. fl. Bor.-Am. 1 . p. 297 ; Darlingt.! fl. Cest. p. 446 ; Frcel. I
in DC. prodr. 7. p. 217. Stenotheca venosa, Monnier, Hier. p. 72.
/3. subcaulescens: stem more or less leafy near the base ; the cauline leaves
varying from ovate to lanceolate, sessile or slightly clasping.—H. Gronovii,
Linn.! herb., 8f spec. 2. p. 802, as to char, (not as to syn. Gronov.!) ;
W illd .! 1. c .; Michx. fl. 2. p. 87 (var. a .); Monnier, l. c. p. 30 : Frcel. !
in DC. 1. c.
In dry soil, pine woods, &c., Canada ! and Saskatchawan ! to Kentucky!
and the upper portion of Georgia ! &c.: most .abundant in the Northern and
New England States! May—July.—Scape 1-2 feet high. Earlier radical
leaves appressed to the ground, sparsely hirsute above ; the cauline when
present at length glabrous. Heads small, about 20-flowered : the ligules
long, bright yellow. Inner or principal scales of the involucre about 10,
glabrous or nearly so— There is no specimen in the herbarium of Linn®us
with this name: we know not whence he obtained the character, “ scapo
crassissimo.”—Hawk-weed. Rattle-snake-weed. (One of the reputed antidotes
to the bite of venomous snakes.)
9. H. paniculatum (Linn.): stem slender, leafy, paniculate, villous towards
the base ; leaves lanceolate or oval-lanceolate, acute at each end, denticulate,
sessile, membranaceous, glabrous; panicle diffuse, mostly compound,
dichotomous; the slender filiform branches and peduncles divaricate,
nearly glabrous, as well as the (few) scales of the 12- 20-flowered involucre ;
achenia short, not at all contracted at the apex.—Lin n .! spec. 2. yn.802;
Michx.! fl. 2. p. 86; Pursh, h e .; Hook.! 1. c . ; Darlingt.! fl. Cest.
p . 447 ; Frcel. ! in DC. prodr. 7. p. 222.
Woodlands, Canada ! and Northern States ! to the mountains of Georgia!
Aug.-Sept.—Heads smaller than in any other species of the genus: the involucre
of fewer scales even than H. venosum ; but the achenia as in the
proper Hieracia.
* * Natives of Oregon and the North West Coast.
10. H. triste (Willd. herb.): stem slender, simple, bearing one or two
leaves, and few or several racemose or paniculate heads; leaves oblong-
spatulate, entire or obscurely denticulate, villous or nearly glabrous, tapering
into slender petioles ; the upper cauline lanceolate ; peduncles, the summit
of the stem, and especially the involucre cinereous-woolly and hirsute with
long brownish hairs (which are seldom glanduliferous); achenia oblong, not
narrowed at the summit.—Spreng. ! syst. 3. p. 640. H. triste & H. arcti-
cum, Frcel. in DC. prodr. 7. p. 209. H. gracile, Hook.! fl. Bor.-Am. 1.
p. 298, not of Frcel. in DC. 1. c. p. 231. H. Hookeri, Steud. nomenc. ed. 2.
p. 763.
Unalaschka, Norfolk Sound, &c. Chamisso! Northern and higher Rocky
Mountains, Drummond !—A span to a foot or more high. Heads about as
large as in H. venosum : the ligules very short. Involucre &c. remarkably
clothed with long grayish-brown hairs.
1 1 . H. Scouleri (Hook.): stem paniculate-branched, either smooth and
glabrous, except the base, or hispid with divaricate-spreading long bristly
hairs, leafy below; leaves lanceolate-oblong, acute or mucronate, mostly
entire, sessile or nearly so, hispid with spreading hairs; panicle compound ;
the erect peduncles and the (about 20-flowered) involucre more or less glandular
hispid; achenia columnar, not narrowed at the summit.—Hook.! fl.
Bor.-Am. 1 . p. 298.
Nootka, and at the mouth of the Oregon, Dr. Scouler! On the Wahla-
met, Nuttall.—A foot high, clothed with fuscous or brownish bristly hairs
(distinctly denticulate under a lens), like those of H. longipilum, except that
they are much shorter and spreading. Heads small; the involucre sparingly
calyculate, clothed with short mostly glanduliferous hairs, or in some
specimens nearly glabrous.—We suppose that the specimen from Pennsylvania,
nientioned by Hooker, belongs to H. Gronovii.
12. H. albiflorum (Hook.): stem simple, naked and glabrous above, bearing
a compound corymb, leafy and hispid near the base, like the petioles and
midrib of the leaves, with slender reflexed bristly hairs ; leaves lanceolate-
oblong, hirsute, entire; the lower tapering into a short petiole, the uppermost
small and sessile; peduncles short, divaricate, minutely bracteolate, nearly
glabrous; the scarcely calyculate involucre very sparingly hirsute with
slender bristly hairs; achenia columnar, not narrowed at the summit;
flowers white!—Hook.! fl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 298; Nutt.! in trans. Amer.
phil. soc. 1. c. p. 446.
Alpine woods in the Rocky Mountains, north of Smoking River, lat. 56°,
Drummond ! Also around Fort Vancouver, Oregon, Nuttall.—Stem 1-3 feet
high. Heads about as large as in H. venosum.
t Obscure or little-known species.
13. H.? Kalmii (Linn.): stem erect, many-flowered; leaves lanceolate,
toothed; peduncles tomentose. (Stem erect, smooth, narrower than in H.
Sabaudum. Leaves lanceolate, alternate, subsessile, small, naked, acuminate,
dentate with sharper spreading teeth than in any other species of the
genus. Peduncles alternate at the summit of the stem, commonly simple
and one-flowered, whitish-tomentose; bracts few and sparse, linear. Flowers
small, terminal, erect.) Linn.! spec. 2. p. 804; not of Spreng. &c., neither
of Monnier (under the name of Sclerolepis), nor of Less, (under the name of
Pachylepis.)
Pennsylvania, Kalm. (v . sp. in herb. Linn.)—Heads and flowers about as
large as in Erigeron strigosum. Scales of the involucre narrowly linear,
glabrous, not rigid, plane, in a single series, with a few exterior and shorter
ones. Corolla apparently yellow. Receptacle naked ? Ovaries similar in
all the flowers, somewhat turbinate, glabrous, not striate, neither rostrate nor
in the least attenuated at the summit. Pappus a single series of fragile
strongly denticulate-scabrous bristles, brownish-white__It is singular that
this plant, if it were really collected in Pennsylvania, has never been met
with since the time of Kalm. The above particulars, which an inspection of
the original specimen enables us to add to the excellent general description of
Linnaeus, clearly show that this lost species has no affinity whatever with the
plant which Monnier (we know not on what grounds) mistook for it, and described
under the name of Sclerolepis Kalmii (Ess. Hierac. p. 81, t. 4, / . D.),
and which is adopted by Lessing (Syn. Compos, p. 139) and De Candolle
(Prodr. 7. p. 98), under the name of Pachylepis. Monnier does not state the
source whence his specimens were derived; but we are confident that his
plant (which is nearly allied to Zacintha and Pterotheca) is not of North
American origin, and therefore have not introduced it into our Flora.
14. H. argutum (Nutt.): leaves and base of the stem clothed with long
reflexed hairs; stem smooth, paniculate, the branches divaricate, with long
naked and smooth pedicels; leaves oblong or oblong-lanceolate, all incisely