those of the simple scape 1-2; scales of the involucre roundish-oval, very
obtuse, coriaceous, with abrupt scarious margins, closely imbricated somewhat
in 3 series; style with short and thick lanceolate appendages.
On shelving rocks towards the sources of the Platte, Nuttall! Plant a
span high, with the aspect of an Armeria. Leaves very rigid, pale or whitish,
but shining, 3 inches long, not 2 lines wide, sometimes a little resinous,
as well as the rigid rounded scales of the involucre.
4. S. ceespitosus (Nutt.! 1. c .) : glabrous or nearly so ; leaves crowded at
the summit of the woody caudex, narrowly lanceolate or linear, acute,
3-nerved; those of the simple or branching scapes 3-4 ; scales of the involucre
broadly ovate, acute, membranaceous, erose-ciliate, imbricated m 3
series ; appendages of the style subulate-linear, minutely pubescent. Cbry-
sopsis caespitosa, N u tt.! in jour. acad. Philad. 7. p. 33.
Vallies of the Rocky Mountains, towards the sources of the Missouri and
Platte, Mr. Wyeth ! N u t t a l l July.—Plant 4-6 inches high. Leaves perfectly
smooth and glabrous, or with a few scattered hairs.
§ 2. Leaves crowded on the somewhat ligneous branching flowering stems,
often covered with a resinous exudation: rdys 12 : pappus and silky hairs
o f the achenia bright white.
5. S. linearifolius: glabrous, much branched; the branches naked and
pedunculiform at the summit; leaves narrowly linear, acute, 1-nerved,
glandular-punctate ; scales of the glabrous involucre lanceolate-oblong, acute,
somewhat membranaceous, with broad scarious margins, in 2 series, somewhat
equal, the inner as long as the disk; appendages of the style ovate,
thickened, much shorter than the linear stigmatic portion.—Aplopappus
linearifolius, DC. ! prodr. 5. p. 347 ,- Hook.! Sf Am . ! hot. Beechey, suppl.
^ California, Douglas.'—Leaves an inch or more in length- Head nearly
an inch in diameter; the involucre looser than in the preceding.
6. S. florifer: stem rather short, branched, hairy ; leaves all lmear-spatu-
late, slightly hairy, entire, glaucous ; heads solitary, terminating the pedunculiform
branches; exterior scales of the involucre pubescent-hirsute; the
interior membranaceous, fimbriate-ciliate; rays- rather broad, spreading,
twice the length of the involucre ; bristles of the pappus very white. Boo .
—Aplopappus florifer, Hook. \ Am . bot. Beechey, suppl. p. 351.
Erigeron ? florifer, Hook. ft. Bor.-Am. 2. p. 20.
B. leaves obovate-spatulate. Hook. 8f Am . l.c . ‘ _ ,
Dry rocks and sandy grounds, near Priest’s Rapids of the Oregon, and
Lewis & Clarke’s River, Douglas ! 13. Snake Country, Mr. Tolmie. Said
to be very nearly allied to A. linearifolius, but with different foliage. e
description does not satisfactorily accord with any of the preceding; and the
following exhibits a tawny or ferruginous pappus in the youngest state, ccc.
§ 3. Flowering stems somewhat leafy, bearing 1 to 3 obovoid fewer-flowered
heads: rays 8 : pappus ferruginous. (Oonopsis, Nutt.)
7. S. multicaulis (Nutt.! 1. c .): flowering stems numerous from a woody
caudex, simple or somewhat branched, tomentose-cinereous (as well as the
leaves and involucre) when young, at length nearly glabrous ; leaves linear,
1-nerved ; the lowest subspatulate-linear and obtuse ; those of the flowering
stems 3-5, acute ; heads bracteate or subtended by a leaf; scales of the involucre
ovate, acuminate, membranaceous (6-9), in 2 series; appendages ol
the style linear-oblong.
Rocks, on the western declivity of the Rocky Mountains, Nuttall!—Stems
2-4 inches long, a little longer than the tufted leaves, the latter 1-2 lines
wide. Pappus scanty, of about 2 series of unequal bristles, shorter than the
corolla.
46. ISOPAPPUS.
Heads several-flowered ; the ray-flowers 5-12, ligulate, pistillate, those of
the disk 10-20, tubular, perfect. Scales of the cylindrical-campariulate involucre
lanceolate-subulate, imbricated in 2-3 series, appressed. Receptacle
small, alveolate, the alveoli nearly entire. Corolla of the disk slightly
dilated upwards, 5-toothed. Appendages of the style subulate, hirsute,
much longer than the stigmatic portion. Achenia linear-oblong, terete, attenuate
at the base, silky-villous. Pappus a single series of capillary scabrous
entirely similar and nearly equal bristles.—Hirsute and scabrous
loosely paniculate-branched biennial herbs, with small heads on slender peduncles.
Leaves alternate, crowded, sessile, lanceolate, 1-nerved and somewhat
veiny, sparsely hispid-ciliate, often sparingly serrate.
1. I. divaricatus: glandular-scabrous and sparsely-hispid; branches and
peduncles slender, divaricate-spreading; leaves rigid, linear-lanceolate, very
acute, entire or acutely and remotely serrate, tapering towards the base;
scales of the oblong involucre linear-subulate, hairy ; rays 5-8; the disk-
flowers 7-14.—Chrysopsis divaricata, Nutt.! gen. 2. p. 152 (under Inula);
E ll.! sk. 2. p. 338. C. Lamarckii, Nutt. ! in trans. Arner. phil. soc. 1. c.
p . 315. Diplopappus ? (Chrysopsis) divaricatus, Hook.! compan. to bot.
mag. 1. p. 97. Heterotheca Lamarckii, DC. prodr. 5. p. 317, as to spec,
char. & syn. Nutt. Sf E ll .; excl. syn. Cass. Sf Lam. (which relate to
Heterotheca scabra), Pluk. aim., which probably represents Chysopsis
Mariana.
Dry sandy woods and fields, Georgia! to Florida ! Louisiana ! and Texas
! Aug.-Oct.—Plant 1-2 feet high, sometimes nearly glabrous when old,
with a very effuse panicle ; the filiform pedicels usually minutely glandular
and hispid. Heads about a quarter of an inch in length. Pappus ferruginous,
not unlike that of a true Erigeron; the bristles rather numerous but in a
single series, slender, entirely similar, and nearly all of equal length, a very
few being more or less shorter.—On account of the entirely simple pappus of
this plant, and its peculiar habit, Mr. Elliott long since suggested the propriety
of separating this plant from Chrysopsis, but he evidently did not intend
to include it in his genus Calycium, as De Candolle supposed. It is
most nearly allied to the doubtful section of Aplopappus, or perhaps genus,
Blepharodon, D C .; which, however, has many-flowered heads, a copious
pappus of unequal bristles, &c.
2. I. Hookerianus : stem branched from the base, and with the somewhat
spreading branches roughish-hirsute, not glandular; leaves oblanceolate or
oblong-spatulate, fringed with bristles along the attenuate base or margined
petiole, obscurely serrulate towards the apex, mucronulate, nearly glabrous;
scales of the short campanulate involucre almost glabrous, subulate-lanceolate;
rays 12 ; the disk-flowers about 20.
Gonzales, Texas, Drummond !—Stems about 10 inches high ; the leaves
somewhat scattered; the branches bearing few heads on erect peduncles.
Pappus ferruginous.—Only a few specimens having been collected, this
species is not to be found in many of the sets of the late Mr. Drummond’s