392 COMPOSITE. B leph a ri PAPPUS.
Heads 3 lines long. Rays scarcely longer than the disk,- sometimes palmate
and furnished with stamens : the branches of the style linear.—The style of
the disk-flowers is very peculiar, and more like that of the Cynareas than of
the present tribe.—De Candolle’s character of Blepharipappus, made by
combining the description of Hooker’s two species, is consequently inapplicable
to either. The division of the genus was proposed by Arnott, in the
second edition of Lindley’s Introduction to the Natural System, and also in
the Supplement to Capt. Beechey’s Voyage (p. 358); retaining the name
for the present species.
Div. 4. M a d i e s , D C .—Receptacle chaffy throughout, or only at the
margin ; the chaff often more or less united. Scales of the involucre convolute
or complicate and enclosing the (fertile) aehenia of the ray, which are
always destitute of pappus. (Natives of Chili, California, and Oregon.)
133. ACHYRACHflSNA. Schauer, d e l. sera. V ra tis. 1837 ,• D C . 1. c.
Head many-flowered; the ray-flowers sterile, small, somewhat ligulate,
or cleft on one side, retaining the rudiments of stamens and style ; those of
the disk perfect, 5-cleft. Scales of the involucre in a double1 series, lanceolate
; the exterior foliaceous, somewhat-convolute and including the ray-
flowers ; the inner plane, with scarious margins. Receptacle flat, bearing a
series of chaffy scales between the ray and disk ; otherwise naked, alveolate
and somewhat fimbrillate. Anthers not caudate; the antheriferous joint
rather long. Branches of the style nearly terete, puberulent. Aehenia
elongated, attenuate at the base, longitudinally striate, scabrous along the
nerves ; in the ray destitute of pappus; in the disk crowned with an ample
pappus of 10 membranaceous obtuse scales in 2 series; the 5 exterior scarcely
half the length of the inner; the latter when young convolute around the
tube of the corolla.—A villous herb [annual], with somewhat the habit of
Hecubsea or Scorzonera, rather canescent; some of the . hairs long, others
very short and perhaps glandular. Stem nearly simple, naked at the summit
and bearing a single head. Leaves alternate, linear, sessile, entire.
Corolla with a long tube, in the dried specimens purple. D C .
A . mollis (Schauer, 1. c.)—Linneea, 12. su p p l. p . 87 ; D C . p r o d r . 7.
p . 292. Lepidostephanus madioides, B a r tl . in d . sem. hort. Gcett. 1837,
Sr in Linneea, l. c. p . 82, 4* 15. p . 94.
Western coast of North America, probably from California, D o u g la s .
Described by De Candolle apparently from the wild plant, in 1838; but the
genus founded the year preceding, both by Schauer and Bartling, on specimens
cultivated in the Botanic Gardens of Breslau and Goettingen. According
to Schauer, the scales of the involucre are in a single series, as many as
the short 3-toothed rays (5-10), and the somewhat foliaceous chaff in 2
series: the inner scales of the white and scarious pappus linear, obtuse,
slightly fimbriate at the apex, as long as the flowers : the stems somewhat
branched : the oblong 20-30-flowered heads almost an inch long. According
to Bartling, the head is about half an inch long ; the rays 3—5, at first
yellow, at length fuscous; the pappus shining, denticulate under a lens.
The genus would appear to rank next to Chaenactis, except that the rays are
destitute of pappus, and the receptacle chaffy at the margin.
V* We would here observe, that, since the preceding page was printed,
wild specimens of the well-marked A c h y b .a c h .2en a (California, D o u g la s ! )
have fallen under our observation ; we having casually misplaced them, as De
Candolle had done, in Cichoracese, with specimens of Calais.
134. LAYIA. H o o k . UfArn. lo t. Beechey, p . 148 (1833), 4*357; notofjp. 182.
Eriopappus, Am. (1836)—Madaroglossa, DC. (1836)—Blepharipappus, partly, Hook.
Heads many-flowered; the ray-flowers 10-15, ligulate, 2-3-toothed or
cleft, pistillate; those of the disk tubular, perfect. Scales of the involucre
oblong or lanceolate, acute, equal, in a single series, foliaceous above; the
base convolute and enclosing the ray-achenia. Receptacle flat, pubescent,
chaffy at the margin ; the chaffin a single series between the ray and disk-flowers,
and resembling an inner row of involucral scales ; or rarely in 2-3 series.
Corolla of the disk with a short proper tube and an infundibuliform throat,
5-toothed ; the teeth and the tube sparsely hairy. Branches of the style in
the disk-flowers filiform, very acute, hairy above, at length exserted and recurved.
Acheniaof the ray glabrous, linear-oblong, attenuate at the base, or
subclavate, more or less obcompressed, somewhat incurved, crowned with a
Small protuberant disk, destitute of pappus ; of the disk linear-clavate, angled,
appressed-pubescent or villous, with a pappus of 10-20 equal bristly or
subulate awns, which are naked and scabrous-serrulate above, and plumose
or villous with very long weak hairs towards the base.—Annual or biennial
pubescent or hirsute and often glandular herbs (natives of California and
Oregon); with showy heads terminating the branches, and alternate sessile
linear or oblong leaves ; the upper usually entire, and the lowermost incisely
toothed or pinnatifid. Rays yellow or white ; the disk-flowers yellow. Anthers
brownish or purplish.
Under the name of Layia, this genus was proposed by Hooker & Arnott several
years anterior to Madaroglossa, DC.; but the authors themselves seem to have forgotten
it, as they some time afterwards applied this name to a Chinese Leguminous
plant; which however proves to be the Macrotropis of De Candolle. In the supplement
to Capt. Beechey’s Voyage, Layia is continued for the present genus;
while, by some inadvertency, these authors also state (in a note on p. 357) that they
retain the name for the Leguminous plant.
§ 1. R a y s y ellow.—Madaroglossa, D C .
1. L . g a illa r d io id e s (Hook. & Am .): decumbent, hispid throughout with
rather rigid spreading bristles ; leaves oblong-lanceolate ; the lower incisely
serrate, the upper entire; the flower-branches somewhat elongated; rays
12-15, obovate, 3-cleft at the apex, twice the length of the disk ; pappus fulvous.
H o o k . 4* A m . lo t. Beechey, p . 148 (under Tridax? galardioides), 4*
su p p l. p . 357.
Monterey, California, M r . L a y ; the Naturalist of Capt. Beechey’s voyage.—
This species (which we have not seen) appears to differ from the others
in the more copious linear-oblong chaff of the receptacle, occupying more
than one series.
2. L . hieracioides (Hook. & Arn. 1. c .) : hispid throughout with spreading
rigid bristles; leaves oblong-lanceolate, coarsely incised-serrate ; those of the
vox*, n.—50