§ 2. Perennial: leaves oblong or lanceolate, somewhat veined: achenia obovate
or oblong, compressed.—E uchrysopsis .
* Exterior pappus manifest, setose or squamellate-subulate.
5. C. Mariana (Nutt.): villous with long and weak somewhat deciduous
hairs ; stem mostly simple, leafy; leaves membranaceous, oblong or elliptical,
entire, or remotely mucronately serrulate, mucronulate, somewhat veiny;
the uppermost closely sessile ; the lower taperiug to the base and somewhat
petioled; corymb mostly simple; peduncles glandular; scales of the cam-
panulate involucre linear, acute, somewhat glandular-viscid ; achenia ob-
ovate, pubescent; exterior pappus setose-squamellate.—Nutt.! 1. c.; E ll.!
sk. 2. p. 335; DC.! prodr. 5. p. 327. Inula Mariana, Linn. spec. (ed. 2)
2. p . 1240; Pursh, Jl. 2. p. 531. Aster Carolinianus pilosus, &c., Mill,
diet. t. 57. Diplopappus Marianus, Hook, compan. to bot. mag. 1. p. 97;
Darlingt. Jl. Cest. p. 475.
Sandy and barren dry soil, New York? and New Jersey! to Florida! and
Louisiana! common. Aug.-Oct— Stem 1-3 feet high. Leaves villous
with sparse very long and silky hairs, or sometimes nearly glabrous, mostly
obtuse ; the lower 3-5 inches long. Heads rather large. Pappus pale.
6. C. trichophylla (Nutt.) : villous with very long and weak loose woolly
hairs, glabrous towards the summit; stem simple or branched below, very
leafy; leaves narrowly oblong or lanceolate, entire or obscurely serrulate,
obtuse, somewhat mucronulate ; the upper ones closely sessile, often nearly
glabrous ; the lower oblong-spatulate, veiny; corymb simple or compound,
loose; the peduncles glabrous; scales of the hemispherical-campanulate
involucre lanceolate-linear, acute or mucronate, glabrous or minutely glandular;
the points often somewhat foliaceous-and spreading; achenia oblong-
obovate, obscurely ribbed, hairy or villous; exterior pappus nearly seti-
form.—Nutt. gen. 2. p. 150; Ell. sk. 2. p. 336 ; D C .! prodr. 5. p . 327.
/?. hyssopifolia: radical leaves oblong-spatulate, in dense very woolly
tufts; the cauline linear-spatulate or narrowly linear, sparingly pilose or
glabrous; involucre glabrous.—C. hyssopifolia, Nutt.! in jour. acad. Philad.
7. p. 67. Diplopappus trichophylla? Hook.! compan.Jo bot. mag. 1.p. 97.
(plant from Jacksonville.)
Dry soil, N. Carolina! to Florida! and Louisiana! /3. Florida and Louisiana!
Aug.-Oct.—Stem 1-3 feet high, sometimes-simple and loosely corymbose
at the summit, with few heads ; often branched from the base, with
a diffuse compound corymb. Heads about as large as in C. Mariana.—
Well described as intermediate between the latter and C. gossypina; but
distinguished from both by the much narrower leaves, glabrous branches
and peduncles, more subulate appendages of the style, &c. The foliage varies
through a variety of forms into var. /3.; in which they are sometimes no
more than a line wide, but variable in form, and either glabrous or hairy; so
that we cannot define it as a separate species.
7. C. gossypina (Nutt.): very densely lanuginous-tomentose throughout;
leaves oblong or elliptical, obtuse, entire; the upper ones closely sessile; the
lower spatulate ; heads corymbose or somewhat panicled ; scales of the involucre
lanceolate, acute, at first woolly; achenia obovate, hairy, somewhat
ribbed ; exterior pappus almost setiform.—Nutt.! 1. c .; Ell. 1 sk. 2. p. 337 ;
DC.! prodr. 5. p. 327. Inula gossypina, Michx.! ft. 2. p. 122; Pursh,
l. c. J. glandulosa, Lam. diet. 3. p. 259, excl. syn., fide DC. Erigeron
pilosum, Walt.! Car. p. 206.
/3. dentata: lower leaves elongated, coarsely sinuate-toothed towards the
summit.—C. dentata, Ell. ! 1. c.
Pine barrens &c., Virginia and N. Carolina ! to Florida ! /?. Louisville,
Georgia, Elliott! Aug.-Oct.—Stem 1-2 feet high. Lower leaves about 2
inches long. The whole plant remarkable for its thick and soft woolly
covering. Heads rather larger than in C. Mariana. Pappus brownish.
Achenia marked with 2-5 elevated ribs.
8. C. scabrella: pulverulent-scabrous throughout; stem stout, corymbose-
ly branched above, leafy; leaves oblong-lanceolate, mucronulate, entire
equally somewhat glandular-scabrous on both sides, sessile ; the lower ones
narrowed at the base; heads numerous, in a compound corymb ; peduncles
and lanceolate obtuse scales of the involucre puberulent-glandular; achenia
oblong-obovate, silky-villous; exterior pappus nearly setiform.
In pine woods, Florida, Dr. Leavenworth ! Sept.-Oct__Stem 2 feet high.
Leaves about as large as in C. Mariana, but narrower,, rather firm, totally
destitute, as is the whole plant, of silky or woolly hairs. Corymb fastigiate,
rather dense. Heads a little smaller than in C. Mariana. Pappus pale.
9. C. villosa (Nutt.) : stem villous-pubescent and sparsely hirsute, erect,
simple or corymbose, very leafy; leaves canescently strigose on both sides
mucronate, entire or rarely with a few sharp scattered teeth, hispidly ciliate
towards the base, sessile; the upper ones linear-oblong or lanceolate, the lower
oblong-spatulate, tapering at the base ; heads solitary or somewhat corymbose
at the extremity of the branches, on short peduncles ; scales of the
broadly campanulate involucre linear-subulate, strigosely pubescent; achenia
obovate, villous ; exterior pappus setose-squamellate.—Nutt.! 1. c .; DC.
1. c. Amellus villosus, Pursh, Jl. 2. p. 564. Diplopappus villosus, Hook. !
Jl. Bor.-Am. 2. p. 22, Sf compan. to bot. mag. 1. p. 97 ; Hook. Sy Am . ! bot.
Beechey, p. 146.
Prairies of Illinois ! and the plains of the Missouri! Saskatchawan ! &c.
(also in Alabama, Mr. Buckley!) extending beyond the Rocky Mountains
to Oregon, Douglas! California, Capt. Beechey! in herb. Hook. July
-Sept.—Stems 1-2 feet high. Leaves an inch or more in length, 1-nerved
slightly veiny; the rigid pubescence closely appressed. Heads large.
Rays about 25. Pappus tawny or nearly white. Appendages of the style
subulate-linear, rather obtuse.
10. C. hispida (Hook.): hispid throughout with uniform spreading hairs ;
branches somewhat corymbose ; leaves oblong-spatulate, narrowed at the
base and somewhat petioled ; the radical on long peduncles ; scales of the involucre
narrowly linear, acute; achenia obovate-oblong, ha iry ; exterior
pappus squamellate.—Hook. ! Jl. Bor.-Am. 2. p. 22 (under Diplopappus);
DC. prodr. 7. p. 279 ; Nutt. ! in trans. Amer. phil. soc. 1. c. p. 316.
On the Saskatchawan, Richardson! Rocky Mountains, Nuttall!__A
smaller plant than C. villosa, (6-8 inches high), which'it considerably resembles.
Pappus tawny; the exterior rigid, white.—According to Nuttall,
“ there are numerous aromatic resinous glands spread over most part of the
plant.” , . .. ,
* * Exterior pappus setose, indistinct: achenia oblong, densely silky-villous: plants
canescent orsUky-villous : leaves entire. (Aplopappus §1 Leucopsis, DC. at least
in part.)
10. C. mollis (Nutt.): silky-canescent throughout; leaves spatulate-ob-
long, mostly obtuse ; the upper sessile, the lower tapering to the base, somewhat
petioled; heads few,; corymbose; scales of the villous-canescent involucre
linear-lanceolate.—Nutt. ! in trans. Amer. phil. soc. 1. c.
Plains of the Platte, with the following ; “ which it much resembles, but
the leaves are more oblong, not in the least scabrous, nor anvwhere ciliate •
the stem also softly villous.” Nuttall.—Except in the silky appressed
pubescence, it closely resembles C. hispida.