Dry pine woods, Southern Georgia! and Florida! Aug.-Oct.— U Stem
2—5 feet high. Heads half an inch or more in length. Corolla, and sometimes
the pappus purplish ; the tube slightly pubescent. Achenia 3-4 lines
long, blackish ; the feathery p'appus somewhat lacerate-denticulate.
117. CHiENACTIS. DC. prodr. 5. p. 659 ; Hook. Sp Arn. hot. Beechey.
Heads many-flowered; the flowers all tubular and perfect; the exterior
series (rays) more or less dilated and larger than the others, irregular or palmate.
Scales of the campanulate involucre about 20, linear, nearly in a
single series. Receptacle alveolate. Corolla glabrous or slightly glandular,
the lobes hirsute-puberulent; of the disk tubular, slightly dilated above,
5-toothed; of the ray expanded or ventricose above, 5-cleft. Branches of the
style linear-filiform, with long and slender acuminate hirsute appendages.
Achenia linear, tapering to the base, 4-angled. Pappus of 4—12 somewhat
unequal membranous nerveless scales, with irregularly denticulate margins
; in the disk-flowers rather shorter than the corolla and about the length
of the achenium; in the ray much shorter, obtuse.——Biennial, sometimes
annual or perennial ? herbs (natives of California, Oregon, and the Rocky
Mountains); with alternate pinnately dissected leaves, and rather large
heads terminating the simple or corymbose branches.
§ 1 . Flowers mostly yellow ; those of the ray irregular or palmate, exserted :
achenia minutely strigose : pappus of 4-6 scales ; in the disk oblong-lanceolate,
acute, in the ray much shorter and obtuse.—Euchtenactis.
1. C. glabriuscula (DC.): perennial or suffruticose; stem branching;
leaves and involucre nearly glabrous, or with scattered cobwebby hairs; the
expanded rays palmatifid, evidently longer than the disk ; branches naked
at the summit; lobes of the leaves 5-6 pairs, rather obtuse ; the uppermost
leaves linear and entire. DC. prodr. 5. p. 659.
California, Douglas.—We have no specimen of this plant. It is said to
be 8 to 16 inches high, arenose-villous in the young state, but glabrous when
mature; the peduncles, or naked summit of the branches, 24 inches long.
Scales of the pappus 5-6.
2. C. tenuifolia (Nutt.): annual or biennial, nearly glabrous ; the involu-
cre and short peduncles glandular-viscid; leaves 1- 2-pinnately parted; the
divisions irregular, small, linear ; the uppermost leaves linear and 3- 5-cleft
at the apex; ray-flowers funnel-form, expanded, scarcely irregular, rather
longer than the disk.—Nutt.! in trans, Amer. phil. soc. (n. ser.) 7 .p. 375.
St. Diego, California, Nuttall! May.—About a foot high, much branched.
Divisions of the leaves numerous, 2—4 lines long. Heads as large as in the
following species. Flowers bright yellow. Scales of the involucre numerous,
narrowly linear, concave ; a few similar scales also interposed between
the ray and disk-flowers. Pappus of 4 unequal scales.—The leaves in our
specimens by no means resemble those of Hymenopappus filifolius, but those
of the following species do so. Nerves of the lobes of the corolla intramarginal,
as in Hymenopappus. 3
3. C* lanosa (DC.): annual, clothed with a soft and loose somewhat deciduous
white wool; stems branched from the base, simple and naked above;
leaves (often glabrous when old) on slender petioles, pinnately parted; the
segments 3- 5, narrowly linear, entire ; the uppermost leaves linear and entire
; ray-flowers tubulose-infundibuliform, somewhat irregular, scarcely exceeding
the disk.—DC. ! prodr. 5. p. 659. .
California, Douglas /—Plant 8-12 inches high ; the naked summit of the
branches often 6 inches long. Involucre very woolly when young. Flowers
light yellow. Lobes of the leaves one-half to one inch long.
4. C. stevioides (Hook. & Arn.): annual, somewhat glabrous ; stem co-
rymbosely branched; leaves somewhat woolly when young, pinnately divided
; the divisions linear, obtuse, entire, or sometimes pinnatifid ; involucre
glandular-puberulent; flowers "white or flesh-color; those of the ray tubulose
infundibuliform, scarcely irregular, about the length of the disk.—Hook.
Sr Arn. ! bot. Beechey, suppl. p. 353.
Interior of Oregon, in the Snake Country, Mr. Tolmie !—Plant 3—5 inches
high. Heads smaller than the preceding. Scales of the involucre broadly
linear. Pappus of 4-5 scales. Peduncles short. Upper leaves entire.
§ 2. Flowers pale rose or flesh-color ; those of the ray infundibuliform or expanded
at the summit, regular, not longer than the others: achenia villous-
hirsute: pappus of 8—12 scales, in the disk oblong-linear, scarcely shorter
than the somewhat glandular corolla, in the ray much shorter, obtuse.—
Macrocarphus, Nutt.
5. C. achilleafolia (Hook. & Arn.): tomentose-canescent; stems low, corymbose
at the summit; leaves pinnately divided ; the divisions crowded,
linear or oblong, obtuse, mostly pinnatifid, the lobes very small ; scales of
the somewhat obconical involucre pubescent or tomentose; achenia hirsute ;
scales of the pappus in the disk-flowers linear, acutish, nearly the length of
the corolla.—Hook. Sf A m .! bot. Beechey, suppl. p . 354. Macrocarphus
achilleasfolius, Nutt.! 1. c.
Dry .plains, interior of Oregon, (Snake Country) Mr. Tolmie! to the
Rocky Mountains on the Colorado of the West, Nuttall! July-Aug.— (f)
Stems several from the same root, 4-6 inches high. Leaves somewhat glabrous
when old, densely woolly-canescent when young. Heads as large as
in C. Douglasii, to which it is very closely allied.
6. C. Douglasii (Hook. & Arn.): loosely tomentose; stem corymbose at
the summit; leaves pinnately divided ; the divisions scattered, linear or oblong,
obtuse, sinuate-toothed or pinnatifid; the lobes minute ; scales of the
hemispherical involucre glandular-pubescent (when young tomentose); ache-
nia hirsute-villous; scales of the pappus linear-oblong, truncate.—Hook. Sr
Arn. ! 1. c., under C. achilleaefolia. Hymenopappus Douglasii, Hook. / ft.
Bor.-Am. 1. p. 316; Nutt. ! in jour. acad. Philad. 7. p. 30 ; DC. ! prodr.
5. p. 658. Macrocarphus Douglasii, Nutt.! in trans. Amer. phil. soc. 1. c.
Dry barren soil, interior of Oregon ! and Rocky Mountains ! July-Aug.
__(D Stems 1-3 feet high, fastigiate, somewhat glabrous when old. Heads
half”an inch in diameter. Pappus silvery; the scales toothed or lacerate at
the apex; in the disk-flowers shorter than the corolla.
Subdiv. 2. E uhelenieje.—Branches of the style in the disk-flowers obtuse or
truncate, or tipped with a cone, pubescent or barbellate at the apex.
118. HYMENOPAPPUS. L 'H e r .; Cass.; DC. prodr. 5. p . 658.
Heads many-flowered; the flowers all tubular and perfect, similar and
regular. Scales of the involucre 6-12, somewhat in 2 series, oval or ob