bosely branched; leaves oblong or oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, slightly or finely
serrate (seldom spinulose-looihed), somewhat clasping; scales of the glutinous
involucre with recurvcd-squarrose or mostly circinate subulate tips;
bristles of the pappus 2-4.—Dunal, l- c. p. 5 0 ; Richards, appx. Frarikl.
journ. ed. 2. p. 33 ; Torr. ! in ann. lyc. New York, 2. p. 212; DC. ! 1. c.
Donia squarrosa, Pursh, fl. 2. p. 559 ; Rot. mag. t. 1706 ; Nutt.! gen. 2. p.
163 ; Hook.! jl. Bor.-Am. 2 .p. 25. Aurelia amplexicaulis, Cass., ex DC.
Dry plains, from the Upper Missouri! to the Rocky Mountains! and north
to Saskatchawan ! extending, according to Richardson, into the woody country
between lat. 54° & 64°. July-Oct.—Plants 10-20 inches high. Leaves
of a pale glaucous hue, small. Heads numerous, small; the involucre not
exceeding half an inch in diameter in the wild plant.
6. G. lanceolata (Nutt.): herbaceous, glabrous; stem fastigiatelyandvir-
gately branched; leaves lanceolate, acute, closely sessile, coarsely spinulose-
serrate or incisely toothed; -scales of the involucre with subulate-filiform
straight appendages, nearly equal in length ; the exterior loose ; pappus
mostly of 2 bristles.—Nutt.! in jour. acad. Philad. 7. p- 73.
/3. leaves linear, sparsely spinulose-serrulate, or the upper entire.
y. ? leaves short, oblong-lanceolate, partly clasping, spinulose-serrulate ;
scales of the involucre with shorter appendages, more unequal and appressed.
Plains of Western Arkansas! Louisiana! and Texas! (a. &c ft. Nuttall!
Dr. Pitcher! Dr. Leavenworth ! Drummond!) y. 1 Texas, Drummond!
Sept.—Plant 1-3 feet high ; with larger heads than the preceding, very glutinous;
the elongated appendages of the involucral scales not recurved and
circinate, but straight, spreading, or reflexed when old. Leaves pale, rigid;
the lower incisely spinulose-serrate, or sometimes almost pinnatifid, 2-3
inches long. We have only seen an imperfect specimen of the doubtful var. y.
7. G. integrifblia (DC.) : stem herbaceous, with a few scattered hairs towards
the summit; leaves puberulent or nearly glabrous, entire, with scabrous
margins; the upper ones lanceolate, acute, broadest at the partly clasping
base ; the lower somewhat spatulate-oblong, rather obtuse, often slightly
serrate ; scales of the glutinous involucre produced into slender subulate-filiform
spreading appendages; bristles of the pappus mostly 2.—DC.! prodr.
5 .p . 315. Donia glulinosa, Hook.! fl. Bor.-Am. 2. p. 25, (excl. syn.)
j3. virgata: stem more slender and virgately branched ; leaves narrowly
lanceolate ; heads smaller.—G. virgata, Nutt. ! in trans, Amer. phil. soc. 1. c.
Oregon, common, Dr. Scouler! Douglas ! Nuttall!—(§) Stem 3-4 feet high;
the branches and upper leaves as well as the involucre and corolla, &c., more
or less glutinous. The leaves^ rather thin. Heads about as large as in G.
squarrosa, or in var. a. larger; the exterior scales with long filiform appendages.
8. G. stricta (DC.): stem herbaceous, strict, somewhat simple, glabrous
at the base, sparingly hairy at the summit; cauline leaves much attenuate
and entire at the base ; the summit oblong, acuminate, serrate ; scales of the
involucre erect, linear, acuminate. DC. prodr. (mantiss.) 7. p. 278.
Port Mulgrave, on the North West Coast, Hrenke, fide De Candolle.—
This species is unknown to us ; and there is so much confusion and uncertainty
respecting the origin of the specimens in Hasnke’s collection, that we
cannot be confident as to the habitat. The character nearly accords with G.
humilis, except the somewhat hairy stem and erect scales of the involucre.
9. G. humilis (Hook. & Arn.): diffusely branched from the base, dwarf,
herbaceous, glabrous; the stems mostly simple; leaves resinous-dotted, linear-
spalulate or oblanceolate; the radical and lower cauline with a long attenuate
base, the uppermost reduced to bracts-; heads small; scales of the
involucre with subulate squarrose-recurved appendages.—Hook. Arn.
hot. Beechey, p . 147.
a. cauline leaves entire or nearly so.—G. nana (3. integrifolia, Nutt. ! in
trans. Amer. phil. soc. 1. c.
/?. leaves spinulose-toothed.—G. nana, Nu tt.! 1. c.
California, Capt. Beechey. Oregon near Fort Vancouver, Nuttall!—
Stems 5-8 inches high, numerous from a perennial? root. Involucre nearly
as in G. squarrosa. Rays about 16.
10. G. discoidea (Nutt.): herbaceous, perennial, glabrous; stems several
from the same root, slender, fastigiately branched ; leaves oblong-linear,
tapering to the base, sessile, somewhat spinulose-serrulate above; heads
small; scales of the involucre with short subulate squarrose-recurved appendages
; pappus of 2 bristles ; rays none.—Nutt. ! in trans. Amer. phil. soc. 1.
c. p. 315.
Banks of the Oregon, Nuttall!—Heads rather smaller than in G. squarrosa,
terminating the slender stems (a foot high) or branches. Leaves 2-3 lines
wide.
52. PENTACHiETA. Nutt, in trans. Amer. phil. soc. {n. ser.) 7. p . 336.
Heads many-flowered; the ray-flowers ligulate, numerous, in a single series
(in 2-3 series, Nutt.) ; those of the disk tubular, perfect and fertile. Involucre
hemispherical; the scales lanceolate, mucronate-acuminate, membranaceous,
with broad scarious margins, loosely appressed and imbricated
in 2-3 series. Receptacle convex, naked, areolate. Corolla of the ray oblong
; of the disk tubular-infundibuliform, slightly incurved (the proper tube
very short), unequally 5-cleft at the summit, the sinuses of the exterior lobe
deepest; the lobes oblong-lanceolate, spreading. Anthers (naked at the
base) tipped at the apex with a mucronate appendage. Branches of the
style in the ray-flowers linear, glabrous, slightly exserted beyond the tube,
stigmatose to the summit; of the disk consisting of a very short and flat stig-
matic portion, terminated by a long subulate-filiform strongly barbellate-
hispid appendage. Achenia oblong, hirsute, obscurely 5-angular. Pappus
of the ray and disk similar, consisting of 5 elongated rigid scabrous bristles
slightly dilated (and obscurely connected ?) at the base, persistent.—A small
and slender much branched annual; the branches terminated by solitary
heads. Leaves alternate, numerous, sessile, filiform-linear, involute when
dry, and like the stem furnished with scattered villous hairs, otherwise glabrous.
Flowers golden yellow.
P. aurea (Nutt.! 1. c.)
St. Diego, California, in dry plains near the sea. Flowering in April.—A
very elegant, though often minute plant, from 2-3 inches to a foot high, branching
usually from the base in an umbellate manner. Head about the size of a
daisy, almost orange-yellow, with 20-50 rays much longer than the disk. . .
Habit of some of the Chilian species of Chastanthera. Allied to the Mutisia-
cese, but with the stigma of Aster. Nuttall.—Involucre almost exactly as in
Bradburia (which it also resembles in foliage and habit), but with fewer
scales, with the central portion greenish. Rays simple, 4-nerved. Bristles
of the pappus as in Elephantopus, but more abruptly dilated at the base ;
the habit also (notunlike some Pectideae) and bilabiate corolla of the disk,
would seem to indicate an affinity with the Vernoniaceae. But the style is
v o l . i i .— 3 2