on the broad midrib ; the often undulate margins tomentose ; scales of the involucre
somewhat scarious, lanceolate, cuspidate-acute, glabrous, in two
nearly equal series, erect; bristles of the pappus very numerous, rigid ; the
inner and stronger series evidently flattened and dilated towards the base!—
Pursh, Jl. 2. p. 742. T. marginatum, Nutt.! gen. 2. p. 128, Hf in trans.
Amer. phil. soc. (n. ser.) 7. p. 433.
Plains of the Upper Missouri and Platte to the Rocky Mountains, Bradbury
! Nuttall! Mr. Nicollet! Eagle Prairie, Wisconsin, Mr. Lapham !
April-June.—Heads, &c., apparently rather smaller than in the following.
Achenia manifestly obcompressed, obtusely ribbed, a little narrowed at the
summit, but not at all rostrate, much shorter than the setose pappus.
2. T. glaucum (Nutt.): somewhat glaucous; leaves linear-lanceolate,
acute, eutire, or rarely with one or two small teeth (the broad midrib somewhat
nervulale towards the base), and with the scape nearly glabrous ; scales
of the involucre loosely imbricated in 3-4 series, somewhat unequal; the
exterior (green) ovate-lanceolate and more or less pubescent when young;
bristles of the pappus capillary, rigid__Nutt. ! in Fras. cat. (1813), Sf gen.
2. p. 128 ; Pursh, Jl. 2. p. 495 ^ 505 ; Sims, hot. mag. t. 1667 ; Hook.! Jl.
Bor.-Am. 1 . p. 300. (var. 0.)
/?. dasycephalum: involucre woolly at least when young, the exterior
scales spreading; leaves and scape often somewhat pubescent; receptacle
sometimes, but not always, furnished with a few linear-acuminate chaffy
scales intermixed among the flowers!—T. glaucum, Richards.! appx.
Frankl. journ. ed. 2. p. 29 ; DC. prodr. 7. p. 252. T. glaucum, a. Hook. !
Jl. Bor.-Am. 1 . p. 300; <!)• hot. mag. t. 3462. T. pumilum, Nutt, in trans.
Amer. phil. soc. 1. c. 1 Ammogeton scorzoneraefolium, Schrad. ! ind. sem.
Gcett. 1833; DC.! prodr. 7. p. 98.
Grassy plains of the Upper Missouri, Bradbury, Nuttall! Dr. James ! and
Big Sioux River, Mr. Nicollet! to Saskatehawan, Drummond ! /?. Saskat-
chawan and prairies of the Rocky Mountains to the Arctic coast, Drummond !
Richardson! July-Aug.—Scape 6-12 inches high. Leaves 6-8 inches
long, 4-10 lines wide. Heads nearly an inch in diameter. Tube of the
bright yellow corolla beset with long jointed hairs near the summit. Achenia
abruptly narrowed at the apex, obcompressed, at least when young.—It is
remarkable that the chaff on the receptacle of the var. /3. is found in some
but not ail of the wild specimens we have examined.
3. T. parvijlorum (Nutt.): glabrous, or somewhat villous-pubescent when
young; leaves narrowly lanceolate-linear, acute or acuminate, entire, sometimes
retrorsely denticulate towards the base ; scales of the glabrous involucre
ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, few, in 2-3 series ; the outer bracteolate,
scarcely half the length of the inner; pappus capillary, rigid.—Nutt.! in
trans. Amer. phil. soc. 1. c.
Plains of the Platte to the Rocky Mountains, Nuttall! Lieut. Fremont!—
Scape 4—5 inches high, mostly longer than the leaves: the latter about 2 lines
wide. Head very much smaller and narrower than in the preceding; the
flowers and involucral scales much fewer. Flowers yellow, sometimes
changing to rose-color in drying.
4 J T . roseum (Nutt.): leaves runcinate-pinnatifid, with short linear lobes,
and ■with the scape sparsely villous-pubescent when young; scales of the
glabrous involucre lanceolate, acuminate, few, in 2-3 series, the exterior
short; pappus copious, capillary, rigid (flowers rose-color).—Nutt.! in trans.
Amer. phil. soc. 1. c.
Plains of the Platte, with the preceding, “ which it wholly resembles, except
the leaves and red [rose-color in spec, char.] flowers,” Nuttall!—Achenia
with 10 sharp ribs, rather shorter than the pappus, narrowed at the apex
into a somewhat distinct beak.—Probably not sufficiently distinct from the
foregoing.
X Uncertain species.
5. T. taraxacifolium (Nutt.): somewhat hirsute; leaves lanceolate or
oval-lanceolate, scarcely acute, incisely runcinate-toothed at the base ; scales
of the involucre in about 2 series, the inner linear; achenia ‘ rostrately attenuated.’
Nutt, in trans. Amer. phil. soc. 1. c.
Plains of the Wahlamet, Oregon.—Remarkable for its broad leaves, which
are an inch and a quarter wide, by six inches in length, most pubescent on
the midrib. Scape rather short. Pappus very long and coarse, minutely
scabrous. Nuttall.
T. odoratUm, Raf., and the other fictitious species of the Flora Ludoviciana, it
would be quite useless to attempt to identify.
194. MACRORHYNCHUS. Less. syn. p. 139 ; Fisch. if Meyer, ind.
sem. St. Petersb. 1835.; DC. prodr. 7. p. 145.
Macrorhynchium, Reichenb.—Trochoseris, Paepp. <Sf Endl.
Head many-flowered. Scales of the campanulate involucre imbricated
in few series, lanceolate; the exterior often foliaceous, sometimes calyculate.
Receptacle naked. Achenia mostly terete, or slightly obcompressed, linear
or fusiform, about 10-ribbed or grooved, the ribs callous, corky, or alate, the
apex at length produced into a long and slender or filiform beak. Pappus
shorter than the achenium, consisting of copious uniform soft and white capillary
bristles, minutely scabrous, often caducous__Annual or perennial
acaulescent or subcaulescent (American, chiefly Western,) herbs, with
nearly the habit of Troximon. Leaves entire or laciniate-pinnatifid. Scapes
simple, with solitary heads. Flowers yellow.
§ 1 . Perennial: ligules elongated: achenia fusiform, 10-ribbed or 10-nerved,
glabrous (the outer series sometimes infertile, ex Nu tt.); the ribs uniform,
not winged or produced.—S t y l o p a f p u s , N u t t .
* Scales of the campanulate involucre consimilar, in few series; the exterior often
squarrose-spreading or calyculate. (Stylopappus § Troximeria, Nutt.)
1. M. troximoides: glabrous, at least when old, acaulescent; leaves ob-
lanceolate, mostly obtuse and entire (rarely with one or two small salient
teeth), tapering into slender margined petioles; scales of the involucre lanceolate,
oppressed, in about 2 somewhat equal series, the exterior rather broader,
woolly pubescent when young, as well as the summit of the elongated scape;
achenia fusiform-linear, strongly and closely 10-sulcate, gradually attenuated
into a beak which is nearly as long as the deciduous pappus, but shorter than
the proper hotly of the achenium.—Troximon aurantiacum, Hook.! Jl. Bor.-
Am. 1 . p. 300, t. 104 ; DC. prodr. 7. p. 252. T. pumilum, Nutt.! in
trans. Amer. phil. soc. 1. c. ?
Alpine prairies of the Rocky Mountains, Drummond! On the Wind
River Chain at the elevation of 7000 feet and more, Lieut. Fremont! Mount
Ranier, Oregon, Mr. ToLmie !—Scape a span to a foot high. Corolla orange