eined petioles; the uppermost oblong or lanceolate, sessile, mostly entire;
racemes loose, paniculate, or rarely somewhat corymbose, sometimes slightly
recurved; scales of the nearly glabrous involucre linear-lanceolate; rays
10-12, large; aehenia pubescent. ,
Open sandy pine woods, near Wilmington, and Lenoir County, Worth Carolina,
Mr. M. A . Curtis! (Florida, Herb. Rafinesque!) May-June.—
Stem about 2 feet high, almost villous when young. Radical and lowest
cauline leaves 2-3 inches long, and often 2 inches wide,_ usually somewhat
triple-veined, abruptly contracted into winged or margined petioles which
vary in length from 1 to 5 inches; the other cauline nearly similar but only
narrowed at the base and seldom petioled ; the upper very few and reduced
in size. Heads middle-sized, about 30-flowered, loosely racemose on the
slender naked branches, the summits of which are sometimes a little spreading
or recurved. Pedicels slender. Rays linear-oblong, golden yellow.
22. S. Terree-Novee: stem erect, smooth, paniculate-corymbose and somewhat
pubescent at the summit; leaves glabrous; the cauline lanceolate,
tapering to the base, nearly entire; the lowest and radical spalulate-oblong,
tapering into a margined petiole, somewhat serrate ; racemes numerous,
short, loose, forming a large expanding and mostly fastigiate compound panicle
; heads (small] about 12-flowered; scales of the involucre glabrous, oblong
linear; rays 5-6, small; aehenia nearly glabrous.
In bovs, Newfoundland, Pylaie ! Miss Brenton! (in herb. Hook.)—Plant
1-2 feet high. Leaves smooth, minutely veiny; the lowest about 3 inches
long, an inch wide near the apex, mostly obtuse; the uppermost narrow, en-
tire. Panicle open, 4-5 inches broad at the summit; the paniculate irregu-
lar racemes more or less spreading, but not secund. Heads as large as in
S. stricta; the scales of the involucre membranaceous and much narrower.
__The specimen from Miss Brenton consists of the panicle, with only the
summit of the stem, the former so much expanded that it was referred by
Hooker to S. serotina: but it appears rather to belong to the present division.
23. S. Kumilis (Herb. Banks): glabrous; stem simple, erect; radical
leaves oblanceolate or spatulate, obtuse, crenate-serrate at the apex, tapering
into a petiole ; the cauline lanceolate, acute, narrowed at the base; the uppermost
linear and entire; raceme simple, or compound and paniculate,
elongated, strict; scales of the involucre oblong (somewhat glutinous,) mostly
obtuse ; rays 6-8, short; aehenia minutely canescent.—J W i . fl. 2. p.
543 ; Richards! appx. Frank!, journ. ed. 2.|>.33; Hook,. fl. Bor.-Am. 2. p.
5 • not of Desf. & DC. S. confertiflora, Fisch. Sf Meyer, ammad. hot. in
ind. sem. St. Petersb. 1840, ex ann. sci. nat. (n. ser.) 16. p. 59.
0. stem taller; heads more numerous, in short glomerate clusters disposed
in a dense, somewhat interrupted, virgate spike or compound raceme, o.
^ F o r t Albany!^Hudson’s^Bay, and Newfoundland, Herb. Banks ! Woody
country between lat. 54° and 64°, Richardson! Limestone cliffs on the
banks of the Onion River & c. Vermont, Dr. Robbins! 0. Carlton House
on the Saskatchawan &c. Druminond! Aug.-Sept.—Stem 6-15 inches
high, nearly or quite glabrous, but more or less glutinous, as also the leaves
in the fresh plant: the raceme simple and slender, or more or less compound;
the branches strict; the middle-sized heads rather crowded, m j . much so.
Leaves of a firm texture ; the radical often coarsely toothed at the apex, the
cauline about 2 inches long, 3-4 lines wide, serrulate above; the upper narrower
and entire.—Differs from S. Virga-Aurea in its more rigid foliage,
smaller heads, with the scales of the involucre more appressed, rigid, obtuse,
and appearing somewhat glutinous.
24 S. Virga-Aurea (Linn.): stem erect, terete; cauline leaves lanceolate,
tapering to each end, serrate; the lower elliptical, petioled; raceme
erect, simple or compound ; scales of the involucre linear [or lanceolate] >
acute; rays about 8, elongated; aehenia minutely pubescent. DC.—Linn.!
spec. 2. p. 880 ; Engl. hot. t. 301; F l.D a n . t. 663 ; Hook. ! fl. Bor.-Am. 2.
p. 5 ; DC. ! prodr. 5. p. 338.
0. alpina (Bigel.! 1. c.) : stem 3-8 inches high, simple, glabrous or pubescent,
bearing few (1—8) heads; scales of the involucre lanceolate, nearly glabrous
; rays short; leaves oblanceolate, oblong-obovate, or spatulate.
y. multiradiata: stem villous-pubescent, simple, or rarely branched at
the summit; heads (large) in a dense tbyrsoid or corymbose raceme; scales
of the involucre narrow, nearly glabrous ; rays 8-12; leaves ciliate, oblong-
lanceolate (obtuse or acute), tapering to the base.—S. multiradiata, A it.!
Kew. 1. c. p. 218 ; Pursh ! fl. 2. p. 542 ; Hook.! fl. Bor.-Am. 2. p. 5 ; E.
Meyer, pi. Labrad. p. 64 ; DC. 1. c. S. Virgaurea, Pursh, l. c. S. corym-
bosa, Nutt.! in trans. Arner. phil. soc. (n. ser.) 7. p. 328, not of Ell. (Varies,
with the rays fewer and smaller. S. Virga-Aurea, Hook. Sf A m . !
bot. Beechey, p. 126. S. Virga-Aurea var. Arctica, D C .! 1. c.)
Arctic America ! and Labrador ! to the Rocky Mountains ! (in about lat.
54°) Unalaschka! Sledge Island ! and Kotzebue’s Sound! (a. & chiefly y.)
0. On the bare summits of the White Mountains of New Hampshire ! and
on Mount Marcy, Essex County, New York ! Shore of Lake Superior, Dr.
Pitcher ! Dr. Houghton ! Aug.-Sept.—A very variable species, which in
this country is confined to the Northern regions, and the higher mountains
of the Northern States. Nearly all the American specimens belong either
to var. 0., which very nearly approaches the var. Cambriea of Europe, or
to the var. y., which passes insensibly into other forms of this species, to
which it should doubtless be united.
25. S. thyrsoidea (E. Meyer): stem erect or somewhat flexuous, simple,
very glabrous, the summit and peduncles villous-pubescent; leaves glabrous,
ovate, irregularly and sharply serrate, acute or acuminate, veiny, all except
the upper cauline abruptly narrowed into very long petioles; the uppermost
oblong-lanceolate, subsessile, often pubescent beneath ; raceme oblong, simple
or slightly compound; heads large; the peduncles mostly ebracteate;
scales of the involucre nearly equal, lanceolate, acuminate, membranaceous,
nearly glabrous; rays 8-10 ; aehenia glabrous (slightly pubescent at the
summit).—E . Meyer, pi. Labrad. p. 63; DC. prodr. 7. (mant.) p. 279.
S. leiocarpa, D C .! prodr. 5. p. 339. S. multiradiata, N u tt.! in trans.
Amer. phil. soc. in. ser.) 7. v. 328, not of A it.! S. Virgaurea, a. Bigel. fl.
Bost. ed. 2. p. 306.
Labrador, Herzberg (E. Meyer), Kohlmeister! (v. sp. in herb. Schweinitz,
herb. Collins, 6fc.) Lower Canada, Michaux! herb. On the wooded sides
of the White Mountains of New Hampshire, Dr.Boott! Mr. Oakes! &fc.
Killington Peak and Mansfield Mountains, Vermont, Dr. Robbins ! Aug.-
Sept.—Allied to S. Virga-Aurea (var. alpestris); but certainly a distinct
species; remarkable for the abrupt and very long petioles of all but the uppermost
cauline leaves (frequently two to three inches long, supporting a
lamina about half that length, and an inch or more in breadth); for its larger
heads, which perhaps are only exceeded by the following; and the glabrous
aehenia, upon which, however, a little hairiness is observable near the summit.
The raceme commonly consists of 6 to 12 heads, on short and simple
bractless peduncles from the axils of the upper leaves, &c., rather crowded :
but one specimen from Labrador presents a large raceme more than 6 inches
long, with nearly all the peduncles somewhat elongated and bearing 2 to 4
heads; the pedicels often longer than the heads, and furnished with a linear-
subulate, scarious, deciduous bracteole. Rays rather short.—The species is
well described by Meyer.
26. S. glomerata (Michx.): stem low, very simple; leaves glabrous, am