nearly as long as those of the involucre ; “ achenia somewhat glabrous.”—
D C . ! p r o d r . 6. p . 429.
California, D o u g la s !—Leaves 3 inches long, 2 lines wide. Rays 11-13 ;
the disk-flowers about 60. D C .
28. <S. jilifo liu s (Nutt.): suffruticose, much branched; the branches diffuse,
very leafy to the summit; leaves pinnately 5-9-parted ; the segments
very narrowly linear, entire, obtusish, often unequal, mostly with revolute
margins ; heads (rather large) corymbose, on short peduncles, calyculate with
a few small subulate scales; rays about 7, linear, somewhat elongated;
achenia strigose-canescent.
a. J am e sii : densely tomentose-canescent; the wool evidently more or less
deciduous.—S. filifolius, N u tt. ! in trans. A m e r. p h il . soc. 1. c. p . 414. (Described
from an imperfect specimen in herb. T o rr.)
p . Fremontii : glabrous, or obscurely arachnoid.
On the Upper Missouri »or Platte, D r . J am e s! 0. On the Lower Platte,
near the “ Chimney,” L ieu t. F rem ont! Aug.-Sept.—Segments of the leaves
an inch or less in length, half a line wide ; the rachis about the same width.
Heads smaller than in the following species. Rays golden yellow.
29. S. R id d e l l i i : glabrous throughout; stem terete, very leafy, cory mbose
at the summit; cauline leaves pinnately 5-9-parted ; the segments narrowly
linear, obtuse, entire, flat, somewhat dilated towards the apex, (thickish and
rather rigid) ; heads (large and showy) on short peduncles, disposed in a
compound corymb, calyculate with subulate scales ; rays about 12, linear,
elongated; achenia minutely puberulent.—S. fragrans, R id d e l l ! mss., not
F isch .
Texas, D r . R id d e l l !—11 ? A stout species, apparently 1-2 feet high,
leafy to the summit. Radical leaves unknown : cauline not at all auricu-
late or dilated at the base; the segments an inch or more in length, and 1-2
lines wide: the rachis about the same width, and entire. Heads much
larger than in S. abrotanifolius : scales of the involucre 16-18, linear-lanceolate,
not sphacelate, nearly the length of the disk. Rays golden yellow.
Pappus very white, as long as the disk-corolla.
30. S. eremophilus (Richards.): glabrous; stem striate, tall, branching;
leaves membranaceous, interruptedly pinnatifid, the lower somewhat bipin-
natifid; the segments lanceolate or oblong-linear, unequal, acute, often
toothed; heads in a compound corymb: the calyculate scales few and loose,
nearly as long as the cylindrical involucre ; rays (about 9) linear, spreading-;
achenia nearly glabrous.—R ic h a r d s .! a p p x . F ra n k , jo u rn . ed . 2. p . 31 ,-
H o o k .! f l . B o r .-A m . 1. p . 334.
Woods of the Saskatehawan (D rum m on d ) to Fort Franklin on the Mackenzie
River, R ic h a rd s o n !—Stem 2-3 feet high. Leaves ample; the
lower 5-8 inches long.
t t t t t t Leaves all bipinnately dissected: involucre nearly ecalyculate.
31. S . M ille fo lium ; floccose-lanuginous when young, at length glabrous;
stems striate, csespitose, corymbose at the summit; leaves chiefly radical,
petioled, bipinnately divided; the segments often 2-5-parted, linear, obtuse;
cauline leaves few, sessile, irregularly 1- 2-pinnately dissected; corymb
dense, fastigiate, mostly compound; scales of the hemispherical minutely
1—2-bracteolate involucre about 20, linear; rays 9-12,oblong, short; achenia
minutely hairy on the angles; pappus equalling the corolla of the disk.
Mountains of North and South Carolina: “ Carolina, F ra se r," in herb.
L a m b e r t ! Whiteside Mountain, North Carolina, M r . C u r tis ! Table
Mountain, S. Carolina, M r . B u c k le y ! June.— U A foot or more high.
Leaves rather fleshy; the numerous segments 2-3 lines long. Heads smaller
than is usual in S. aureus. Scales of the involucre greenish, with scarious
margins, not sphacelate.—Were this remarkable plant a northern species, it
might be supposed to prove the S. Canadensis; which has never been recognized.
* * * * * Perennial: heads radiate, solitary or nearly so.
32. S . resedifolius (Less.): dwarf, glabrous; stems mostly simple and
terminated with a single head, leafless above ; radical leaves petioled; the
exterior rounded, crenate-sinuate or lobed ; the interior lyrate-pinnatifid, with
the segments entire or 2-3-lobed; the cauline oblong, sessile, pinnatifid at
the base, woolly in the axils; scales of the nearly ecalyculate involucre lanceolate
; rays 12-13, elongated; achenia minutely and sparsely puberulent;
pappus a little shorter than the corolla of the disk.—L e s s .! in Linneea, 6. p.
243 ,- Hook. ! fl. B o r.-Am . 1. p. 333, 1 .117 ; D C . ! prodr. 6. p . 347. Cineraria
lyrata, Ledeb. ! f l . A lt. 4. p . 102 (var. with purplish involucre);
Reichenb. ic. hot. t. 101; Hook. Sf A m . ! bot. Beechey, p . 126.
Arctic America from Kotzebue’s Sound! to Fort Franklin ! &c._Stem3
2-6 inches high, sometimes sparingly branched above. Heads rather large.
—This is not improbably the S. Cymbalaria of Pursh.
33. S. subnudus (DC.): very glabrous throughout; stem simple, slender,
nearly leafless above and usually bearing a single head ; radical leaves ob-
ovate, toothed at the apex, on slender petioles ; the cauline few, sessile, oblong,
incised or somewhat pinnatifid, not woolly in the axils;- scales of the slightly
calyculate involucre linear-lanceolate, acuminate ; rays 8- 12, elongated |
achenia glabrous, striate ; pappus nearly equalling the corolla of the disk.—
D C . ! prodr. 6. p . 428; N u t t .! in trans. Amer. p h il soc. 1. c. p . 4 12.
Cascade Mountains on the Oregon, D r . G a ird n e r ! D o u g la s ! Wind
R'.ver Chain of the Rocky Mountains, at the altitude of 7000 feet and upwards,
L ie u t. F rem o n t! Aug.—Stems often decumbent at the base, 6—10
inches high, sometimes bearing 2 heads, which are about as large as in S.
aureus. Limb of the radical leaves half an inch in length, occasionally
somewhat lyrate.—Allied to the preceding. J
34. S. Fremontii: dwarf, glabrous; stems ascending, leafy, often branching;
the branches naked at the summit and terminated by a solitary head •
leaves somewhat fleshy, obovate and spatulate-oblong, very obtuse, sometimes
mucronulate-.;,the upper sinuate-toothed or slightly lyrate, sessile- the
lowest angulate-toothed or nearly entire, tapering into a short margined petiole;
scales of the ecalyculate involucre in a single series, linear-lanceolate-
rays 8- 10, oblong-linear; achenia (immature) puberulent; pappus equalling
thé corolla of the disk. 1 8
On the Wind River Chain of the Rocky Mountains, just below the limits
of perpetual snow, Lieut.. Fremont! Aug.—Stems 3-5 inches high. Leaves
an inch or more in length. Heads about half an inch in length ;"the cylindri-
cal-campanulate involucre many-flowered, subtended by one or two small
lanceolate bracteoles.
35. S.frigidus (Less.): stem simple, bearing a single head, glabrous or
clothed with deciduous floccose wool and blackish-purple hairs; leaves elliptical
oblong, obtuse, with short petioles [the cauline sessile and’partly clasping],
glabrous or hirsute; the margins revolute, entire or slightly denticulate •
involucre ecalyculate, hispid with purple hairs; rays numerous, oblong-elliptical;
achenia glabrous; pappus as long as the tube of the disk-flowers. D C -
Less, in Linneea, 6.23.239; Hook.! fl. Bor.-Am.l.p. 334.1.112; DC.prödr
6. p. 347. Cineraria frigida, Richards, appx. Frankl. journ. ed. 2. p. 3 1 ;
Hook. 8f Am.! bot. Beechey, p. 126. C. atropurpurea, Ledeb. in mem. acad.
oU Petersb. 5. p. 274.