Kotzebue’s Sound, Capt. Beechey.—This is a robust plant, with the habit of
G. boreale, but with larger and broader leaves. Hooker states that he has
received specimens of it from the United States, under the name of G, Ber-
mudianum; but his plant is perhaps G. latifolium. On the authority of
Steven, De Candolle mentions a variety with hispid fruit.
* * * * Flowers yellow, in dense panicles terminating the branches: fruit smooth.
17. G. verum (Linn.): stem erect, slender; leaves 8 in a whorl, narrowly
linear, sulcate, scabrous, with somewhat revolute margins; flowers
crowded.—Linn. spec. 1. p. 107; Engl. hot. t. 660 ; FI. Dan. t. 1146;
Bigel. ! fl. Bost. ed. 2. p. 55 ; DC. prodr. 4. p. 603.
Dry pastures, Roxbury, Massachusetts, Bigelow! North Bridgewater,
Massachusetts, Mr. Tuckerman ! Doubtless introduced from Europe. June-
July.
J Doubtful Species.
18. G. parviflorum (Raf.) : stems diffuse, angled, glabrous; leaves in
whorls of 5 or 6, linear-ianceolate, very acute, glabrous ; flowers paniculate
(white, minute), very numerous.—Raf. in med. repos, (hex. 2) 5. p. 360, Sf
in Desv. jour. hot. 1. p . 227.
Near Newcastle, Delaware, Rafinesque.
S u bo rd er II. CINCH ONEiE. (Order Cinchonacese, Lindl.)
Leaves opposite, or very rarely verticillate. Stipules one (2 united)
or two on each side between the petioles (interpetiolar), often united
with each other or with the petioles, or with both, so as to form a
sheath. .Estivation of the corolla valvate, imbricated, or contorted.
Ovary coherent with the tube of the calyx, or very rarely with the upper
portion free.—Chiefly tropical or subtropical trees or shrubs, rarely
herbs.
T r ib e I. SPERMACOCE E . Cham. 8f Schlecht.
Fruit dry, or scarcely fleshy, composed of 2 (rarely 3 or 4) 1-seeded
carpels; which are sometimes concrete, sometimes separating and in-
dehiscent, or variously dehiscent, but never loculicidal. Albumen
fleshy or somewhat horny. Estiv a tio n of the corolla valvate.—Herbs
or shrubs. Stipules membranaceous a t the base, usually with several
bristles a t the apex.
Subtribe 1. E uspermacocexi, DC.—Flowers distinct. Fruit dry, separating
when mature into 2 (rarely 3 or 4) carpels, or sometimes inseparable.
2. SPERMACOCE. Linn, (partly); Gtertn.fr.U2b; Cham. 8f Schlecht.
in Linneea, 3. p . 355 ; DC. prodr. 4. p. 552.
Calyx-tube ovate or turbinate ; the limb 2-4-parted, sometimes with accessory
teeth. Corolla hypocrateriform or infundibuliform, 4-lobed. Stamens
4. Stigma 2-cleft or undivided. Fruit dry, crowned with the (sometimes
obliterated) teeth of the calyx, 2-celled; the 2 one-seeded carpels
separating from the apei downwards ; the one closed by the dissepiment, the
other open. Seeds oval-oblong, peltate, marked with a shallow furrow on
the face.—Herbaceous or rarely suffrutescent plants (chiefly tropical), with
linear, oblong, or roundish leaves. Stipules cohering with both petioles,
sheathing, fringed with several bristles. Flowers small, axillary, sessile,
crowded or in whorls, usually pale blue or white.
Spermacoce, Borreria, and Diodia, differ only in the dehiscence of the fruit: in
the first, one carpel opens while the other remains closed; in the second, both are
dehiscent; in the third, both are indehiseent.
1. S. glabra (Michx.) : herbaceous, perennial, procumbent, glabrous;
leaves lanceolate ; whorls many-flowered; calyx 4-toothed; corolla cam-
panulate-funnel-form, a little longer than the calyx, very woolly in the
throat; anthers included, nearly sessile at the base of the tube ; style very
short; stigma 2-lobed ; fruit turbinate.—Michx. ! Jl. 1. p . 82; Pursh,Jl. 1.
p. 105.
Banks of rivers, Western and South Western States! Middle Florida,
Dr. Chapman! Texas, Drummond! July-Aug.—Stem branching, 1-2
feet long ; the branches somewhat quadrangular. Leaves 1-3 inches long,
acute, attenuate at the base. Stipules with 5-6 subulate bristles, which are
several times longer than the sheath. Whorls 10-20-flowered. Flowers
scarcely more than 14 line long. Teeth of the calyx lanceolate. Corolla
white; the lobes semi-oblong. . Style almost wanting: stigma with 2 diverging
lobes. Capsule chartaceous; the cells tardily separating. Seeds
attached by the middle of the face to the placenta. Embryo in the axis of
cartilaginous albumen : cotyledons oblong: radicle pointing downwards.—
The plant becomes blackish in drying.
2. S. Chapmanii: perennial? stem herbaceous, sparingly branched, slightly
angled with 4 elevated lines, glabrous; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acute,
attenuated at the basé into a petiole, somewhat scabrous above; stipules with
5-6 bristles, which are rather longer than the sheath; flowers in dense axillary
clusters; corolla funnel-form, 3 times as long as the calyx; stamens ex-
serted ; style long and slender; stigma indistinctly 2-lobed; capsule oblong-
pyriform, crowned with 4 calyx-teeth.
Middle Florida, on the banks of the Aspalaga River, Dr. Chapman ! and
in Louisiana!—Stem about 2 feet high. Leaves an inch and a half long,
rather strongly marked beneath with the simple oblique veins. Clusters of
flowers dense, often half an inch in diameter. - Calyx slightly hairy; the
teeth lanceolate. Corolla 3 lines long, white ? Filaments slender, inserted
in the throat of the corolla: anthers oblong. Style glabrous, scarcely ex-
serted. Capsule córiaceo-crustaceous, dehiscent when mature, and leaving
the thin dissepiment adhering to one of the cells.—Nearly allied to S. tenuior;
but that species has a short obovate fruit, and very short included stamens and
style. We'have specimens from Louisiana (in flower, without fruit), but
have no memorandum of the source from which they were derived ; in these
the lobes of the corolla are sprinkled, both internally and externally, with
short, flattish, apparently deciduous hairs.
3. S. tenuior (Linn.): stem annual, branching; the branches obtusely
angled, glabrous or somewhat scabrous; leaves lanceolate, with short petioles,
scabrous on the margin and upper surface; stipules with 5-6 bristles, which
are rather longer than the sheath; whorls few, many-flowered; corolla somewhat
campanulate, the tube scarcely twice the length of the calyx ; stamens
much shorter than the corolla ; style the length of the stamens ; stigma 2-
lobed ; capsule obovate, crowned with 4 calyx-teeth.—Linn. spec. 1. p. 102 ;
Lam. ill. t. 62, ƒ. 1; A. Rich. mem. Rub. 1. c. t. 4, no. 2 ; DC. prodr. 4. p.
552. S. verticillis tenuioribus, Dill. Elth. t. 277, f . 359.
Key West, Florida, Mr. Blodgett!—Stem 8-12 inches long, in our speci