Rocky situations on the Missouri from White River to the mountains,
Nuttall! Mouth of Teton River, Mr. Nicollet!—A low, “ very odorous”
species; the leaves 3-4 inches long, 2-3 lines wide, tapering to an acute
point.
16. A . discolor (Dougl.): suffrulicose, erect or ascending; leaves somewhat
bipinnatifid, canescently tomentose beneath ; the lobes mostly linear,,
acute, with revolute margins, few and divergent; heads hemispherical, nodding,
disposed in a virgate raceme ; scales of the involucre scarious, oblong,
the outermost lanceolate; corolla glabrous.—Dougl. ! in herb. Hook.; DC.
prodr. 6. p. 109. A. Ludoviciana, Bess. ! in Hook. 1. c., not of Nutt.
Rocky Mountains towards Arctic America, Richardson! and interior of
Oregon near the Spokan and Kettle Falls, Douglas.—Plant 8-12 inches
high. Involucre at first tomentose, but at length almost glabrous.—There
are two forms ; one (from Richardson ?) with the upper surface of the,leaves
more tomentose, and more slender lobes ; the other, with the leaves almost
glabrous above, and with the lobes shorter and broader.
17. A. Ludoviciana (Nutt.): perennial, canescently tomentose throughout,
branched; leaves lanceolate, mucronate, both surfaces when young
clothed with a white tomentum, beneath very densely so; the lower often
incised, remotely and sharply serrate, or sparingly pinnatifid ; the upper entire
; heads ovoid, mostly sessile, erect, disposed in a strict leafy panicle;
corolla glabrous.—Nutt.! gen. 2. p. 143 ; DC.prodr. 6. p. 110; Bess. ! in
Linncea, 15. p. 104. A. integrifolia, Pursh! Jl. 2. p. 520. A. Purshiana 0.
angustifolia, Bess.! in Hook. 1. c .; DC. 1. c.
0. latiloba (Nutt.): lower leaves dilated, deeply pinnatifid, or the upper
trifid ; the lobes and the upper leaves broadly lanceolate (pubescence of the
upper surface deciduous).—Nutt.! in trans. Amer. phil. soc. 1. c. p. 400.
y. gnaphalodes : very tomentose-canescent throughout; leaves elongated
lanceolate, entire, or sharply and irregularly serrate towards the apex.—A.
gnaphalodes, Nutt. ! gen. 2. p . 143 ; D C .! prodr. 6. p. 115.
6. serrata: leaves lanceolate (pretty large), acute or acuminate, sharply
but irregularly serrate from the middle to the apex, perfectly glabrous above,
at least when old ; heads becoming glabrous ; otherwise exactly as in var. y.
—A. serrata, Nutt. ! gen. 2. p. 142. (herb. Lamb.! herb. acad. Philad. /)
e. latifolia: tomentose-canescent throughout 1 leaves short, elliptical-lanceolate
or somewhat cuneiform-oblong, usually very entire__A. Purshiana a.
latifolia, Bess.! in Hook. jl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 323 ; if in DC. 1. c. A. integrifolia,
Richards, appx. Frankl. journ. ed. 2. p. 30.
Plains and dry banks of rivers, &c., from the shores of Lakes Huron! and
Michigan! the Saskatchawan ! Missouri! &c. west to the Rocky Mountains!
and south to Texas ! 0. Rocky Mountains, Nuttall! Oregon, Dr. Scouler !
(mentioned by Hooker under A. longifolia, Bess, in Hook. Jl. Bor.-Am.)
y. 8f <5. Upper Great Lakes! Upper Mississippi! and Missouri! e. Plains of
the Saskatchawan, Richardson! Drummond ! Wind River Chain of the
Rocky Mountains, Lieut. Fremont! Aug.-Sept.—Plant 1-5 feet high, sometimes
simple, variable as to the shape and size of the leaves, but all the forms
passing into each other; with small and crowded, rather few-flowered, more
or less tomentose heads. The broader leaves are more or less evidently
feather-veined.
18. A. Douglasiana (Bess.); suffruticose ? strict, canescent; leaves ca-
nescent beneath ; the cauline lanceolate, acute, entire ; heads spicate-panicu-
late, hemispherical; the panicle somewhat leafy; scales of the involucre
elliptical; the inner scarious at the apex; corolla glabrous. Bess, in Hook.
1. c., Sf DC. 1. c.
Oregon, Douglas.—Differs from A. integrifolia by its wholly entire leaves,
large panicle, with smaller glomerate-spicate heads: from A. Purshiana [that
is A. Ludoviciana] in its strict stem, acuminate (not mucronate) leaves,
elongated branches of the panicle, larger heads, the involucre not canescent-
tomentose, the whole plant less canescent, and the leaves green above. Bess.
—We have a plant collected by Douglas, which accords with the above
character, except that the upper surface of the leaves and the heads are
clothed with a loose, woolly, but apparently deciduous pubescence.
19. A. vulgaris (Linn.): perennial, erect; leaves whitish-tomentose beneath
: the cauline pinnatifid, with the lobes either laciniate, incised, coarsely
serrate, or entire; the uppermost nearly linear and entire ; heads spicate-
paniculate, ovoid, nodding, at length erect; the panicle leafy and spreading ;
exterior scales of the involucre canescently tomentose; the inner scarious; corolla
glabrous- Bess.! in Hook. 1. c., Sf DC. 1. c.—Linn. spec. 2. p. 848 ;
Engl. hot. t. 978 ; Michx. ! jl. 2. p. 128 ; Pursh, jl. 2. p. 522 ; Nutt. gen. 2.
р. 144; DC.! prodr. 6. p. 112. A. heterophylla, Nutt. ! in trans. Amer.
phil. soc. 1. c.—-A dozen varieties of this polymorphous and widely diffused
species are described by Besser and De Candolle; of which the American
forms are,
a. vulgatissima (Bess. 1. c .): lobes of the leaves linear-lanceolate, the lower
scarcely incisely toothed ; panicle ample, erect.
0. Kamtschatica (Bess. 1. c .): cauline leaves bipinnatifid, with linear lobes,
those of the lower ones toothed ; spikes dense, branched at the base; the spike-
lets nodding; heads ovate; scales of the involucre with scarious margins,
smooth and shining.
y. Californica(Bess, in Linnasa, 15. p. 91), which is said to represent the
opposite extreme, and to connect A. integrifolia with this species ; the lower
leaves being merely unequally 3-cleft.—A. integrifolia, Less, in Linncea, l.
с. ; Hook. Am. lot. Beechey, p. 150.
<5. Mexicana : lower leaves pinnatifid, the upper trifid ; the lobes, like the
uppermost leaves and those of the branches, linear-lanceolate, very acute,
entire, with revolute margins; the upper surface as well as the branches
often canescent when young ; heads small, tomentose-canescent; flowers fulvous.—
A. Mexicana, Willd. ? DC. 1. c. ? (Cf. Bess, in Linncea, 15. p. 107.)
A. vulgaris var. Americana, Bess, in Linncea, l. c. p. 105, in part. (spec.
Engelm.)
Waste places, var. a. (Mugwort) introduced from Europe, and more or less
naturalized ; but native in British America. From Vermont (Dr. Robbins
!) we have a state with the leaves all pinnatifid, and the lobes broad
and mostly obtuse ; apparently like the plant described by Nuttall, from sequestered
forests of North Carolina. 0. Unalaschka, &c. y. California,
Chamisso. 6. Arkansas, Dr. Engelmann ! Dr. Leavenworth ! Texas, Drummond,
! Dr. Riddell ! Berlandier ?—The A. vulgaris, Bess, in Hook. 1. c.,
from Arctic America, and subsequently indicated as var. Americana, we
cannot distinguish from A. Tilesii.
20. A. Tilesii (Ledeb.): perennial, erect; stem simple; leaves whitish-
tomentose beneath, pinnatifid [or trifid]; the lobes lanceolate, acuminate,
somewhat toothed ; heads racemose-paniculate, crowded, globose, somewhat
nodding; branches of the panicle short; scales of the involucre arachnoid-
tomentose, scarious; corolla glabrous. Bess.! in Hook, l.c., Sc DC. 1. c.—
Ledeb. in mem. acad. St. Petersb. 5. p. 568 ; Less, in Linncea, 6. p . 214 ;
Bess, in Linncea, 15. p. 106.
0. arctica (Bess. 1. c .): leaves laciniate-pinnatifid; the lobes entire, short,
obtuse; involucre pale, scarcely woolly when old.
y. Unalaschkensis (Bess, in Linnasa, 1. c .) : leaves mostly deeply trifid ;
the middle segment very much larger than the lateral; all lanceolate, acute,
slightly and unequally toothed [often entire] ; flowers purplish-brown.