§ 4. Herbaceous, much branched, fastigiate-corymbose: scales of the involucre
much oppressed, somewhat glutinous: receptacle fimbrillate: rays
(6-20) more numerous than the dish-flowers, very small: achenia oblong,
villous-pubescent: heads in corymbose clusters, mostly fascicled: leaves linear,
entire, 1-5-nerved, sessile.—E uthamia, Nutt.
69. S', lanceolata (Linn.): stem much branched, fastigiate; the branches
(at least the angles), with the nerves and margins of the lanceolate-linear
3-5-nerved leaves minutely scabrous-pubescent; heads obovoid-cylindrical,
in dense corymbose clusters, sessile; scales of the involucre obtuse, oblong
or lanceolate, the innermost linear; flowers of the disk 8-12; the minute
rays 15-20.—Linn.! mant. p . 114; A it.! Kew. (ed. 1) 3. p. 214; Michx.!
Jl. 2. p . 116 (a. major); Pursh, fl. 2. p. 405 ; Bigel. JL Bost. ed. 2. p. 301 ;
Hook.! Jl. Bor.-Am. 2. p. 6 (partly); Darlingt.! Jl. Cest. p. 461. S. gra-
minifolia, E ll.! sk. 2. p. 391; DC.! prodr. 5. p. 341. Euthamia grami-
nifolia, Nutt.! gen. 2. p. 162, $f in trans. Amer. phil. soc. 1. c. Chrysoco-
ma graminifolia, Linn. spec. 2. p. 841.
Fields and borders of thickets, Canada! (from Subarctic America) and
nearly throughout the United States. Aug.-Oct.—Stem 2-4 feet high, striate
angled, usually scabrous-puberulent. Leaves sometimes broadly lanceolate
linear (3-5 inches long) and 5-nerved (the lateral nerves more slender),
sometimes narrow and indistinctly 3-nerved, numerous, but not fascicled in
the axils. Heads one-fourth to one-third of an inch in length. Receptacle
setose-fimbrillate.
70. S. tenuifolia (Pursh): glabrous or slightly scabrous; stem much
branched, fastigiate; leaves very narrowly linear, spreading, 1- (rarely
somewhat 3-) nerved, punctate with resinous dots ; heads obovoid or turbinate,
in loose corymbose clusters, mostly in glomerules of 2 or 3, sometimes
pedicellate; rays 6—12, slightly exserted ; the disk-flowers 5-6.—Pursh, Jl.
2. p. 540 ; E ll.! sk. 2. p. 392 ; DC. prodr. 5. p. 341. S. lanceolata /?.
minor, Michx.! 1. c. Euthamia tenuifolia, Nutt. ! 1. c.
Sandy fields, &c. from the coast of Massachusetts! and New York! to
Florida! and Louisiana! Aug.-Oct.—A more slender plant than the preceding,
with the heads smaller, and less glomerate. Leaves 1 to nearly 3
inches long, one line or less in width, sprinkled with resinous atoms, often
fascicled in the axils. When the corymb is reduced to few heads, these are
commonly pedicellate. The species is variable, and some states nearly approach
S. lanceolata.
71. S . leptocephala : very smooth; stem densely fastigiate-corymbose at
the summit; leaves lanceolate-linear, 1-nerved, or obscurely 3-nerved;
heads narrow, cylindrical-clavate, in compound corymbose clusters, mostly
fascicled and sessile at the apex of the peduncles ; scales of the involucre
linear; rays 8—10, very small; the disk-flowers 3 or 4.
Western Louisiana, Dr. Leavenworth! Dr. Hale! Texas, Drummond!—
Stem apparently strict and nearly simple, except at the summit. Leaves
crowded, but not fascicled, 2-3 inches long, 2-3 lines wide, with a strong
midrib and usually 2 obscure lateral nerves, pellucid-punctate, as in the
allied species, but not sprinkled with resinous atoms, not glutinous. Heads
very numerous and slender. Rays mostly shorter than the disk-flowers.
Receptacle conical, fimbrillate.
72. S. occidentalis (Nutt, under Euthamia): very smooth, loosely
branched, somewhat paniculate ; leaves narrowly lanceolate-linear, obscurely
3-nerved; heads in small corymbose clusters, pedicellate; scales of the
many-flowered involucre linear-lanceolate, acute.—S. lanceolata, Cham. &f
Schlecht.! in Linnata, 6. p. 502; Hook.! Jl. Bor.-Am. 2. p. 6, partly.
Euthamia occidentale, Nutt.! in trans. Amer. phil. soc. (n. ser.) 7. p. 326.
Oregon, Dr. Scouler! Douglas! Nuttall! and California, Chamisso / t o
the Rocky Mountains, Nuttall.—More panicu lately branched than any other
species of this division; the long and slender branches terminated by small
clusters; the short and broadish heads all, or nearly all pedicellate: rays
16-20, a little exserted ; the disk-flowers 8-14 : appendages^ of the style of
the latter obtuse. Receptacle with the margins of the alveoli pilose, rather
than fimbrillate.
X Species not sufficiently known to us, founded on native specimens.
73. S. decemjlora (DC.): stem erect, terete, and (with the leaves) somewhat
scabrous with a very short pubescence; leaves oblong, mucronulate,
entire, somewhat triplinerved; the radical attenuate at the base; racemes
somewhat secund, disposed in a corymbose panicle; scales of the glabrous
involucre linear ; heads 10-flowered ; the rays 5, very minute ; achenia
silky-villous. DC. prodr. 5. p. 322. .
Texas, in the eastern districts, Berlandier. Plant a loot high. D L .—
Perhaps it belongs to the corymbose division.
74. S. rotundifolia (DC.): stem erect, terete, puberulent, scabrous; leaves
oval, ovate, or obovate, obtuse, mucronate, the margins and both surfaces
very scabrous ; the lower crenate, the upper entire; racemes erect, compact,
short, disposed in a narrow panicle; hracts roundish ; scales of the involucre,
glabrous, somewhat acute; rays very small. DC. prodr. 5. p. 332.
Texas, in the eastern districts, Berlandier.—Very distinct in the form of
its bracts. DC.
75. S. lepida (DC.) : stem erect, strict, terete, puberulent; leaves oval-
lanceolate, with a long cuneate entire base, coarsely serrate at the apex, acuminate,
feather-veined, somewhat scabrous, especially the margins and the
veins beneath; panicle erect, terminal; scales of the glabrous involucre
linear, acuminate; rays a little longer than the disk. DC. prodr. 5. p. 339.
/?. subserrata (DC. 1. c.) : leaves slightly serrate.
Nootka, Hcenke.—Allied to S. latifolia and S. ambigua. DC.
76. S. compacta (Turcz.): racemes erect; stem ascending, strict, scabrous;
leaves oblong-lanceolate, tapering into a long petiole, entire, or the uppermost
serrulate, slightly scabrous, the margins ciliate ; heads densely glomerate,
surrounded by leaves.— Turcz.' in bull. soc. nat. M o s c 1840. p. 73.
Unalaschka, Turczaninow.—Perhaps the same as S. lepida, DC.
77. S. elata (Pursh) : stem hairy, terete; leaves lanceolate, somewhat
hairy beneath; racemes erect; rays elongated. Pursh, Jl. 2. p. 543.
North America, (Herb. Banks.) Pursh.—Two plants are ticketed ‘ S. elata’
in the Banksian herbarium: one, a cultivated specimen of a maritime
species, is S. integrifolia, Desf &f DC.: the other is marked ‘ New Jersey,
Bartram'; and has a hairy stem, corymbosely branched above; elliptic
serrate leaves, which are hairy on both surfaces and ciliate; erect racemes ;
rather rigid and minutely strigose-canescent scales of the involucre (the outermost
ovate, short; the inner oblong-lanceolate, slightly pointed, all somewhat
carinate) ; and strigose-canescent achenia. Dr. Boott has remarked its great
similarity to “ S. Narbonensis, Pourret, in Act. Tolos. 3. p. 329” (of which
we have seen no description), from which we suspect it is not distinct.
78. iS. paucijlora (Raf.): stem simple, smooth; leaves oblong-lanceolate,
acute, entire ; -flowers 1—5, terminal.—Baf. in med. repos, (hex. 2) 5. p. 359.
Gloucester County, New Jersey, and Kent County, Delaware, Rajinesque