and slender subulate bracteoles ; the scales (15-20) narrowly linear, acute ;
rays about 8, small; the disk-flowers 40-50; achenia striate, nearly glabrous.—
Nutt.! gen. 2. p. 165 ; DC. prodr. 6. p. 432.
(3. cauline leaves very small, except those near the base of the stem,
which appears scapiform ; heads very few.—S. integerrimus, Nutt. ! in
trans. Amer. phil. soc. 1. c. p. 411.
Upper Missouri, Nuttall, Mr. Nicollet! (3. Plains of the Platte towards
the Rocky Mountains, Nuttall! May-June.—Stem 12-18 inches high.
Radical leaves 3-5 inches long, and 1-2 wide. Heads 8-20, rather large:
the calyculate bracts nearly equalling the involucre.
15. S. kydrophilus (Nutt.): very glabrous; stem simple, terete, striate,
rather leafy; leaves (thickish) lanceolate, acute, entire (or obsoletely repand-
denticulate), furnished with a prominent midrib; the radical and lowest
cauline elongated, tapering into thickish somewhat clasping petioles; the
others sessile, partly clasping; heads (small) numerous, in a compound naked
corymb; the pedicels and involucre scarcely bracteolate; scales of the cylin-
draceous-campanulate involucre about 8, oblong-linear, obtuse, the tips
purplish and somewhat sphacelate ; rays 3-6, very small; the disk-flowers
18-25 ; achenia glabrous, obscurely angled.
a. stem stout; the corymbs (not fully developed) thyreoid-paniculate.—
S. hydrophilus, Nutt.! in trans. Amer.phil. soc. 1. c.
f3. stem slightly striate ; corymbs fastigiate.
Margin of ponds, &c., in the Rocky Mountains along Ham’s Fork of the
Colorado of the West, Nuttall! 0. Borders of a lake in the Wind River
Chain of the Rocky Mountains, Lieut. Fremont! Aug.—About 2 feet high.
Leaves much like those of Solidago sempervirens: the upper small and
scattered. Bracteoles few and very minute.—Heads smaller than in S.
integerrimus. Achenia not striate. Receptacle alveolate.
16. S. lanceolatus: glabrous (except the base of the stem, which is pubescent)
; stem tall, virgate, angled, simple or somewhat branched above, very
leafy to the summit; cauline leaves uniform (thin), lanceolate, entire, acute
at both ends, subsessile (the lowest petioled ?); corymbs small and loose,
terminal and from the axils of the upper leaves, paniculate; the slender
peduncles and pedicels and the small heads sparingly bracteolate; bracteoles
filiform-setaceous; scales of the cylindrical 15—20-flowered involucre 8-12,
narrowly linear, acuminate; rays few and small; achenia (pot striate ?)
glabrous.
Along the North Fork of the Platte, Lieut. Fremont!—Stem 3 feet high,
slender, inclined to branch from the axils of the upper leaves, terminated by
a narrow corymbose panicle. Lower cauline leaves wanting; the upper
much longer than the internodes, 4—5 inches long, one-half to three-fourths
of an inch wide, mucronulate; the margin somewhat revolute. Heads
about as large as in S. Sarracenicus; and the attenuated bracteoles
similar. Rays a little exceeding the disk. Pappus about the length of the
corolla.
17. S. ampullaceus (Hook.): very glabrous; stem grooved, branched
above ; leaves fleshy, oblong, obtuse, entire or denticulate, partly clasping by
a cordate base ; the lowest spatulate; panicle corymbose ; the peduncles in
fruit much incrassated and turbinate at the base of the heads ; involucre with
a few minute setaceous bracteoles; rays 7-9, spreading; achenia slender,
strigose-canescent.—Hook. hot. mag. t. 3487; DC. prodr. 6. p. 428.
Texas, Drummond!—Plant 2-3 feet high. Involucre at first cylindrical,
at length enlarged at the base, as in Sonchus, about 20-30-flowered. The
short strigose hairs of the achenia promptly emit long spiral threads when
moistened.
t t Leaves sharply serrate-toothed: heads radiate.
18. S . tr ia n g u la ris (Hook.): glabrous throughout; stem tall; simple,
stnate, leafy; leaves deltoid-triangular-lanceolate, acuminate, very sharply
and coarsely toothed, petioled; heads (large) in a fastigiate compound
corymb ; bracteoles and calyculate scales few, linear-subulate; scales of the
cylindraceous involucre about 15, linear, sphacelate at the tip; rays 10-12;
achenia glabrous— H o o k .! f l . B o r .-A m . 1. p . 332, t. 115; D C . 1. c. p . 432.
0. smaller; leaves less acuminate, and less deeply and sharply toothed.
Moist prairies among the Rocky Montains, between lat. 52° and 55°,
D rum m o n d ! ($• Wind River Chain of the Rocky Mountains, about lat. 42°,
at the altitude of 7000 feet, L ieu t. F rem ont!—A stout handsome species : the
leaves about 3 inches long, unequally and incisely toothed, on distinct petioles,
tapering from the remarkably truncate base to the acuminate apex. Heads
half nn inch long. Achenia not striate.
19. S . S e r ra (Hook. 1. c .): herbaceous, erect, very glabrous; stem striate
; leaves petioled, broadly lanceolate, acuminate, strongly and sharply
toothed, mostly cordate at the base ; the uppermost linear-lanceolate, acuminate
at both ends ; heads numerous in a compound corymb; the involucre
furnished with linear-subulate accessory scales; rays 6-7, linear, remote,
twice the length of the involucre ; achenia glabrous. D C . (under the following
name.)—S. longidentatus, D C . p r o d r . 6. p . 418.
Oregon; “ common on the banks of the Wallawallah, Flathead, and
Spokan Rivers, (2-3 feet high),” D o u g la s .—Flowers rather small, very numerous,
in a dense corymbose panicle. Scales of the involucre scarcely
sphacelate at the tip. H o o k .—While we adopt the anterior name of Hooker,
we copy the character of De Candolle ; who alone has described the lower
leaves. It is doubtless nearly allied to S. Sarracenicus.
20. <S. A n d in u s (Nutt.): glabrous; stem angled, very leafy; leaves linear-
lanceolate, sharply denticulate, acute at both ends, subsessile ; heads (small)
cylindraceous, forming a compound paniculate corymb; bracteoles and calyculate
scales few, subulate-setaceous ; rays 6-8, the disk-flowers about 20;
achenia glabrous.—-Nutt. ! in trans. A m e r. p h il. soc. 1. c. p . 409.
Vallies of the higher Rocky Mountains (lat. 41°), about 6000 feet above
the leve! of the sea, N u tta ll! July.—A foot high. Leaves 3-5 inches long,
a half to three-fourths of an inch wide. Corymb often irregular. N u tt.__
May not this be a subalpine form of the preceding ?
t t t Leaves toothed: rays none.
21. S. ra p ifo liu s (Nutt.): very glabrous throughout; stems angled, pani-
culately branched, leafy; leaves thickish, oblong, unequally and very
sharply toothed ; the radical and lowest cauline oval or obovate-oblong, narrowed
into a winged petiole, and often sparingly incised at the base; the
upper clasping by a subcordate base; heads (small) in numerous small corymbs,
on short many-bracteolate pedicels, slightly calyculate; the calyculate
scales and bracteoles very small and subulate ; scales of the cylindraceous
about 15-flowered involucre 8-10, oblong, thickish ; rays none; achenia
glabrous.—N u tt. ! in trans. Am e r. p h il . soc. 1. c. p . 409.
Upper branches of the Platte near the Rocky Mountains, N u tta ll f Sweeti
e 1- River and North Fork of the Platte, L ieu t. F r em o n t! Aug— Plant
6-20 inches high. Cauline leaves 3-4 inches long, 1-2 wide, obtuse or acute,
somewhat fleshy. Heads much smaller than in S. Cacaliaster. Scales of
the involucre thickish, with hyaline margins, not sphacelate. Pappus rather
shorter than the yellow corolla. Achenia striate.
22. S. aronicoides (DC.): stem herbaceous, simple, arenose-hirsute;
von. n— 56