rays rugose, wingless. D C .! prodr. 1. c. Pallasia serratifolia, Smith, in
Rees, cycl.
Florida, Dr. Chapman ! Mr. Croom ! Probably introduced.
111. SANVITALIA. G-utilt. in Lam. jour. hist. nat. 2. p. 176, t. 33, Sr
ill. t. 686; Cav. ic. 4. t. 351; DC. prodr. 6. p. 628.
Heads many-flowered; the ray-flowers ligulate, in a single series, the
ligules persistent. Scales of the involucre somewhat imbricated in 2-3
series, appressed ; the innermost rather longer and equalling the disk.' Receptacle
conical or convex, chaffy; the chaff" oblong, partly clasping the
flowers. “ Corolla of the disk articulated above the ovary, piliferous,” DC.
Branches of the style terminated by a short cone. Achenia of the ray,
larger, 3-sided, smooth, crowned with 3 diverging smooth conical awns; of
the disk compressed; the exterior ones muricate or roughened and nearly
awnless; the interior more or less winged and ciliate, crowned with 2 minute
awns.—Annual (chiefly Mexican) dichotomous or trichotomous mostly hairy
herbs. Leaves opposite, ovate, triplinerved, usually entire, tapering into
a ciliate or hairy petiole. Heads solitary and terminal, sessile between the
uppermost pair of leaves. Rays yellow : the disk purplish.
1 . S. ocymoides (DC.): stem diffuse, rather erect; leaves ovate ; awns of
the ray longer than the ligules ; achenia of the disk compressed-tetragonal;
the exterior muricate, wingless, slightly 2-awned; the interior smoother,
somewhat winged, with rather longer awns. D C .! 1. c.
Texas, Berlandier!—Leaves, including the ciliate petioles, about an inch
long, strigose. Plant with wholly the habit of S. procumbens.
Subtribe 3. F l a ve r i e r , Less.—Heads 1-few-flowered, densely aggregated,
heterogamous with a single pistillate ray-flower, the others perfect; or
sometimes homogamous (rarely with the pistillate flowers in several series,
when the innermost are perfect but sterile). Branches of the style usually
not appendiculate. Receptacle naked, except when the head is many-
flowered. Achenia wingless, somewhat terete, attenuate at the base. Pappus
none.—Herbs, with opposite triplinerved or nervose leaves. Flowers
yellow.
112. FLAVERIA. Juss. gen. p . 168; DC. prodr. 5. p. 635.
Heads in glomerate fascicles, few-flowered, either discoid, the flowers all
tubular and perfect, or with a single pistillate ray-flower. Involucre oblong,
of 3-4 connivent nearly equal scales, the outermost broader and somewhat
concave. Receptacle small, naked. Achenia oblong or subclsivate, striate,
glabrous, naked.—Annual or rarely perennial (tropical and South American)
herbs; with opposite mostly sessile leaves, toothed or entire. Corolla pale
yellow.
1 . F. linearis (Lagasca): suffruticose at the base, somewhat procumbent,
glabrous or slightly pubescent; leaves sessile, connate, narrowly linear, entire,
nearly nerveless, somewhat fleshy; heads in compound crowded corymbs
; ray single or often wanting.—Lag. non. gen. Sfc. p. 33 ; DC. 1. c.
F. maritima, H. B. Sf K .! nov. gen. Sf spec. 4. p. 285. F. tenuifolia,
Nutt.! in jour. acad. Philad. 7. p. 81,. Selloa nudata, Nutt. ! in Sill. jour.
5. p. 300 ; and therefore Gymnosperma nudatum, DC. prodr. 5. p. 312.
East Florida, Mr. Ware! Mr. Peate! Key West, Mr. Bennett! Mr.
Blodgett!—A maritime species, also a native of Cuba.
Subtribe 4. T agetineai, Cass.—Heads many-flowered, either heterogamous,
with the ray-flowers pistillate and mostly ligulate, or homogamous
and discoid. Involucre either in a single series, the scales more or less
united; or in several series, the exterior scales bracteiform and distinct, the
inner more or less united. Branches of the style terminated by a cone or a
subulate appendage. Receptacle naked, flat. Achenia striate, attenuate at
the base. Pappus composed of awns, squamellse, or bristles.—Herbs,
marked with large glandular pellucid dots, and therefore commonly odorous.
Leaves opposite or alternate.
113. DYSODIA. “ (Dyssodia) Cav. in ann. sci. nat. 6. (1802) p. 334” ;
DC. prodr. 5. p. 639.
Heads radiate or sometimes discoid ; the rays ligulate, pistillate. Scales
of the proper involucre in a single series and more or less united, usually
subtended by an outer series of bracts. Receptacle somewhat alveolate or
hirsute-fimbrillate. Corolla of the disk regularly 6-toothed. Branches of
the style terminated by a somewhat pubescent cone. Achenia elongated,
4-angled and somewhat compressed. Pappus a single series of chaffy scales,
which are pinnately or palmately laciniated or cleft into scabrous bristles, so
as to appear like a polyadelphous pappus !—Mostly annual branching
(chiefly Mexican) herbs, with the habit of Tagetes. Leaves opposite or alternate,
commonly pinnately parted or toothed, the teeth mucronate-setige-
rous. Heads terminating the paniculate or corymbose branchlets. Flowers
yellow or orange.
§ Receptacle somewhat alveolate, slightly fimbrillate, or nalced: involucre
bracteolate; the bracts entire or laciniate-pinnatijid.—B cebera, Willd.
(1803.) (Dysodia § Bcebera & Bceberoides, DC.)
1. D. tagetoides: glabrous; stems corymbose at the summit; leaves alternate
or rarely opposite, narrowly linear, spinulose-toothed; scales of the
cylindrical-oblong involucre united nearly to the summit, longer than the
spinulose-toothed or sparingly pinnatifid involucrate bracts; rays numerous
(10 or more), exserted ; achenia glabrous; pappus much shorter than the
corolla; the scales linear-subulate, sparingly laciniate, or sometimes nearly
entire.
Texas, Drummond! Western Louisiana or Arkansas, Dr. Leavenworth!
— If ? Stem erect, often branching at the base, about a foot high. Leaves
2 inches long, only a line wide, pinnately laciniate with spinulose teeth. In-
vol. n .—46