linear, glabrous or slightly hairy, 2-4-awned.— Willd. spec. 3. p. 1719;
DC. prodr. 5. p. 598. Coreopsis leucantha, Linn. spec. (ed. 2) 2. p. 1282.
C. coronata, Linn. 1. c., excl. hah.
Tampa Bay, Florida, Dr. Leavenworth ! Key West, Mr. Blodgett!—
© A native also of Mexico, the West Indies, &c.
7. B. Californica (DC.): stem 4-angled, somewhat pubescent at the summit
; leaves slightly hairy, petioled ; the lower pinnately 5-, the upper 3-di-
vided or parted; the divisions ovate, acute or acuminate, inciseiy serrate; heads
discoid, or with a few small rays, pedicellate, somewhat paniculate ; scales
of-the involucre nearly equal, lanceolate ; the exterior ciliate, spreading, all
at length reflexed ; achenia linear, slender, 4-angled, minutely and sparsely
hairy towards the summit, 3-4-awned.—DC .! prodr. 5. p. 599; Nutt, in
trans. Amer. phil. soc. 1. c.
California, Douglas ! Nuttall.—(T) Plant ascending, scarcely a foot high.
Heads small. Achenia about 4 lines long, sometimes minutely tuberculate-
scabrous. Rays white, or yellowish according to Nuttall; who states that
the plant is also a native of Chili.
8. B. bipinnata (Linn.) : glabrous ; stem quadrangular, striate ; leaves
petioled, 1-3-pinnately parted ; the segments lanceolate or oblong-ovate, mu-
cronulate, usually narrowed at the base ; heads (small) on naked slender
pedicels, with 3-4 inconspicuous rays scarcely longer than the disk ; exterior
scales of the involucre linear, spreading, about the length of the narrowly
lanceolate interior ones; achenia linear, elongated and slender, 4-angled and
grooved, nearly glabrous, 3-4-awned.—Linn. ! spec. 2. p. 832; Michx. ! fl.
2. p. 135 ; Willd.! 1. c .; Ell. sic. 2. p . 432 ; Darlingt.! fl. Cest. p . 487 ;
DC.! prodr. 5. p . 603.
Dry soil, and in waste places, Connecticut! New York ! and Pennsylvania
! to Arkansas! and Florida! (Key West, Mr. Blodgett!) July-Oct.
— © Stem 1-4 feet high, slender, branched. Rays yellow, obovate : disk-
flowers yellow, about 20. Achenia three-fourths of an inch in length.—
Spanish Needles.
B.pilosa (Linn.) is not a native of North America, nor is it said to be by Linnaeus,
except originally in the Morbus Cliffortiamis ; where the vars. /?. & y. are said
to come from Virginia, &e. But all the synonyms of 8. there enumerated (except
Did. Etth. t. 43, ƒ. 5-10, which belong to"a broad-fruited species) are in the Species
Plantarum justly referred to B. bipinnata; and those of var. y., \yhich we have not
the means of tracing further, are equally rejected from the species. B. pilosa is
again given as a North American plant by Willdenow, and afterwards by Pursh,
who terms it a common weed in old fields and cultivated grounds, from Pennsylvania
to Carolina; but the plant in Pursh’s view (and also Elliott’s 1) is doubtless B.
frondosa.
Div. 5. Y e r b e s i n e j e , Less., DC.—Rays pistillate and fertile, ligu-
late, rarely none. Achenia compressed or obcompressed, the exterior integument
thin. Pappus awned from the angles of the achenium, sometimes with
intermediate chaffy scales or teeth, frequently wanting.
105. LEPTOSYNE. DC. prodr. 5. p. 531.
Head many-flowered ; the ray-flowers 10-15," broadly ligulate ; those o f ,
the disk tubular, perfect. Involucre double, each series of 6-8 scales, as
long as the disk; the exterior linear, foliaceous, loose ; the interior elliptical,
somewhat membranaceous. Receptacle convex; the chaff" membranaceous,
3-nerved, deciduous with the fruit. Rays oblong, coarsely 3-toothed, the
base abruptly narrowed into a short slender tube, which is sparsely barbellate
at the summit. Corolla of the disk with a slender tube, which is furnished
with a bearded ring at the summit, and an obconical throat, deeply 5-toothed.
Anthers pale. Branches of the style in the ray-flowers scarcely exserted,
obtuse; in the disk somewhat capitellate at the apex, and terminated by a
very short and abrupt pointed cone. Achenia oval, obcompressed, slightly
incurved when mature, sparsely scabrous with short capitate gland-like
hairs, surrounded by a narrow, at length somewhat fungous-thickened winglike
margin, 1-nerved on the inside, crowned with a minute and entire coro-
niform or cup-shaped pappus.—An annual (biennial, Nutt.) glabrous very
slender herb, branching from the base; the scapes or peduncles (8-12 inches
long) naked, bearing a single head. Leaves alternate, nearly all at the base
of the stem, linear-filiform, entire, or sparingly pinnately parted. Ray and
disk yellow.
L . Douglasii (D C .! 1. c.)—Hoolc. SfArn.! bot. Beechey, suppl. p. 352.
L. Californica, Nutt.! in trans. Amer. phil. soc. (n. ser.) 7. p. 363.
California, Douglas ! (in flower only) Nuttall! May-June.—Head, including
the rays, three-fourths of an inch in diameter.—Instead of having the
disk-flowers sterile, as described from immature specimens by De Candolle,
and Hooker & Arnott, these alone ripen their fruit according to Nuttall; but
we find perfect achenia both in the disk and ray. We place the genus as
near as possible to Coreopsis, and next to Chrysanthellum in Verbesinete.
106. TUCKERMANNIA. Nutt, in trans. Amer. phil. soc. 1. c.
Head many-flowered; the ray-flowers 15-20, ligulate; those of the disk
tubular, perfect. Involucre double ; the scales ovate or oval, all slightly
united at the base ; the exterior 6- 8, shorter than the disk, herbaceous; the
interior 8- 10, membranaceous, somewhat colored (yellowish). Receptacle
flat; the chaff membranaceous and scarious, minutely nerved, linear-lanceolate,
flat, apparently deciduous. Corolla of the disk with a slender tube,
which at the summit is furnished with a naked or obscurely barbellate ring (as
in Leptosyne, except that the jointed hairs are few and short or nearly wanting)
; the throat narrowly obconical, 5-toothed. Branches of the style in the
disk-flowers slender, somewhat capitellate at the apex, and terminated by an
obscure or extremely short cone. Achenia elliptical, obcompressed, smooth,
surrounded by a narrow wing or margin, entirely destitute of pappus.—A
somewhat succulent perennial glabrous h erb; the alternate or scattered
bipinnately-divided leaves with linear entire segments, nearly all home towards
the base of the stem ; which terminates in a naked peduncle (a foot
long), bearing a very showy head, more than two inches (or even 3-4 inches,
ex Nutt.) in diameter. Flowers golden yellow.
T. maritima (Nutt.! 1. c.)
St. Diego, California, on shelving rocks near the sea, Nuttall! May__