Tribe III. A steroideje. Style of the perfect flowers cylindraeeous; the branches
linear, externally flattish, and minutely and equally pubescent above; the stig-
matic lines prominent, extending about to the origin of the exterior pubescence.
Tribe IV. Senecionideje. Style of the perfect flowers cylindraeeous; the
branches linear, truncate at the summit and penicillate, or often produced
into a conical or elongated hispid appendage; the stigmatic lines rather
broad and prominent, extending to the commencement of the appendage or
hairy portion.
Tribe V. Cynare®. Style of the perfect flowers nodose-thickened and often
penicillate at the summit; the stigmatic lines not prominent, reaching to and
confluent at the summit of the externally puberulent branches.
Suborder II. LABIATIFLORfE.—Corolla of the perfect flowers bilabiate.
Tribe VI. Mutisiace®. Style of the perfect flowers cylindraeeous or somewhat
nodose above; the branches obtuse or truncate, externally very convex and
minutely pubescent above.
Tribe VII. N assauviace®. Style of the perfect flowers not nodose-thickened
above; the branches linear, rather long, truncate, penicillate at the summit.
Suborder III. LIGULIFLORJE.—Flowers all perfect and ligulate.
Tribe VIII. Cichorace®. Style cylindraeeous above; the branches rather
long and obtuse, equally pubescent; the stigmatic lines terminating below
their middle.—Plants with milky juice.
S ubo rder I . TUBULIFLORiE. DC.
Corolla of the perfect flowers tubular, and regularly 5- (rarely 4-)
toothed or lobed. Pollen globose, echinulate, or (in Cynareaa) rarely
smooth and elliptical.
T ribe I. YERNONIACEJE. Less.
Heads discoid, with the flowers all tubular and perfect (homoga-
mous), or rarely radiate ; the ray flowers ligulate and pistillate. Corolla
occasionally palmate or obscurely bilabiate. Style cylindrical
above ; the branches subulate and elongated (rarely short and obtuse),
equally hispid; the stigmatic lines terminating below or near their
middle, not confluent.
CONSPECTUS OP TH E GENERA.
Subtribe 1. V eknoni®.—Heads discoid, homogamous.
1. V ernonia. Heads several-many-flowered. Pappus of hair-like bristles.
2. Stokesia. Heads many-flowered. Pappus of 4-5 long bristly deciduous scales.
3. Ei.ephantopus. Heads 3-5-flowered, aggregated in glomerules. Pappus of
several persistent chaflfy bristles or awns.
Subtribe 2. P bctide®.—Heads radiate, heterogamous.
4. X anthisma. Corolla of the disk regular. Leaves glandless.
5. P ectidopsis. Corolla regular. Leaves punctate. Pappus coroniform.
6. P ectis. Corolla of the disk obscurely bilabiate. Leaves punctate with glands.
Pappus chafiy and mostly awned.
Subtribe 1. V e r n o n i e ® , Cass.—Heads discoid ; the flowers all perfect.
Branches of the style elongated or acuminate.—Leaves mostly alternate.
Flowers of the cyanic series, viz., white, blue, purple, or red, but never
yellow.
1. VERNONIA. Schreb. gen. p . 541 ; DC. prodr. 5. p. 15.
Heads several-many-flowered ; the flowers all equal and tubular. Involucre
imbricate, shorter than the flowers; the inner scales longest. Receptacle
commonly naked. Corolla regular; the lobes about the length of the
tube. Filaments smooth. Achenia mostly striate or ribbed, with a cartilaginous
callus at the base. Pappus usually double ; the interior of copious
capillary bristles ; the exterior mostly short or minute, often somewhat
squamellate or chafiy.—Mostly perennial herbs or shrubby plants (chiefly
tropical), with usually alternate leaves, and various inflorescence, in the
North American species corymbose-cymose. Flowers purple, rose-color,
or white.
* Cauline leaves very few t cyme diclwtornmispaniciilaie.
1. V. oligophylla (Michx.): stem slender, simple, nearly naked above;
leaves scabrous, often punctate, pubescent on the veins beneath ; the radical
ones oval or obovate-oblong, dentate-serrate, narrowed at the base ; the cauline
(2-4) much smaller, lanceolate, serrulate; heads few, in a loose paniculate
or dichotomous cyme, ,15-30-flowered; involucre campanulate, much
shorter than the mature pappus; the scales with spreading acuminate tips,
lanceolate, ciliate; achenia 10-ribbed, nearly glabrous when mature.—
Michx. ! jl. 2. p. 94 ; Nutt. ! gen. 2. p. 134; Ell. sic. 2.p. 286; Less, in Lin-
ncea, 6. p. 677 ; DC. ! prodr. 5. p. 62. Chrysocoma acaulis, Walt. Car. p.
196, fide Pursh.
Damp pine barrens, N. Carolina! to Florida! June-July.— 'll Stem
1-3 feet high, a little hairy ; the root stoloniferous according to Elliott. Exterior
scales of involucre loose, subulate, sometimes as long as the inner.
Corolla purple.
* * Stem leafy: cymes corymbose or somewhat umbeUiform.
2. V. Noveboracensis (Willd.): stem striate, slightly pubescent; leaves lanceolate
or elliptical-lanceolate, sharply serrate, acute at each end, often
petioled, glabrous or slightly scabrous above; cyme fastigiate; heads numerous,
20-30-flowered; involucre hemispherical-campanulate, shorter than
the pappus; the scales apprCssed, ovate, mostly produced into a subulate or
filiform flexuous appendage; several of the outermost subulate, loose and
bracteolate; achenia glabrous or slightly hairy when young, glandular,
shorter than the pappus.— Willd. spec. 3. p. 1632; DC.! prodr. 5. p. 63.
V . praealta, Less.! in Linncea, 4. p. 264; Hook. ! Jl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 304 ;
Darlingt.! Jl. Cest. p. 448. Serratula Noveboracensis, &c. L in n .! hort.
Cliff, p. 392, spec. 2. p. 818.
j8. scales of the involucre acute or acuminate, some of them usually with
subulate or filiform points.—V. prtealta, Willd.! 1. c. (not of DC.) Serratula
praaalta & glauca, L in n .! spec. 1. c.
y. stem, cyme, and lower surface of the leaves tomentose; scales with
long filiform points.—V. tomentosa, Ell. sk. 2. p. 288. Chrysocoma tomen-
tosa, Walt. Car. p. 196.
von. n.-8