sions linear, elongated, sparingly toothed; the lateral shorter, lobed or incised.
—Diodonta leptophylla, Nutt, in trans. Amer. phil. soc. 1. c.
y. incisa : lower leaves bipinnately parted or divided ; the npper pinnately
3-7-parted, the divisions incised or toothed.—C. ntitis, Michx.! fl. 2. p. 138.
Wet places throughout the Southern States! originally described from a
specimen collected in East Florida by Bartram! (v. sp. in herb. Banks.)
Aug.-Ocl.—(2;? Stem 2-4 feet high, at length much branched. Rays
about 8, obovate-oval, rather large. Achenia 2-3 lines long, commonly not
more than half as large as in C. trichosperma, and proportionally broader :
the summit emarginate-truncate, or with very short somewhat hairy teeth.
4. C. trichosperma (Michx.): glabrous; stem somewhat 4-angled ; leaves
on short sparsely ciliate petioles, pinnately 5-7-parted or divided ; the divisions
lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, serrate or incised ; the uppermost leaves
often 3-5-cleft, nearly sessile.; heads paniculate-corymbose ; scales of the
exterior involucre about the length of the interior, linear or subspatulate,
somewhat ciliate; achenia narrowly cuneiform-oblong, minutely and sparsely
hairy, hispidly ciliate above, crowned with two triangular-subulate hispid
teeth or stout awns.—Michx.! fl. 2. p. 139 ; Pursh,fl. 2. p. 568; jEU. sk. 2.
p . 439 ; Bigel. ! fl. Bost.'ed. 2. p. 315 ; DC. !prodr. 5. p. 572. C. mitis,
Ell. 1. c. 8f DC. 1. c., as to char. C. aurea, Lindl. hot. reg. t. 1228.
/?. achenia smaller; the teeth shorter, and sometimes obsolete !
Swamps, Massachusetts ! and New York ! to Carolina. Aug.-Oct.—(f) ?
Stem 1-2 feet high, much branched. Leaves membranaceous. Rays
sometimes an inch long, showy, bright yellow. Achenia when mature 4-6
lines long, including the stout teeth, which sometimes taper into short erect
awns, but are variable, and occasionally almost wanting: the prominent ridges
also not unfrequently produced into obscure intermediate teeth, and all the
teeth somewhat connected.—Either this or the preceding species is the
C. coronata of the Linnasan herbarium (Virginia, Sp. P L ) ; but the character,
synonymy, and observations all relate to~a West Indian plant, the Bidens
pentaphylla, &c., Plum. Amer. ed. Burm. t. 53, ƒ. 2, which is probably
Bidens leucantha.— Tiekseed-Sunflmoer.
5. C. aristosa (Michx.): minutely pubescent, or rarely glabrous; stem
quadrangular below; leaves pinnately, the lower bipinnately 5- 7-parted or
divided, petioled ; the divisions lanceolate, sharply serrate, incised, or incise-
ly pinnatifid; heads paniculate-corymbose, numerous, peduncled ; seales of
the exterior involucre (10- 12) about the length of the interior, linear-oblong,
minutely hispid or ciliate ; achenia flat, oblong-obovate, surrounded with an
obscure wing or margin, strongly hispid-ciliate ; the hispid awns slender, diverging,
about the length of the achenium.—Michx. ! fl. 2. p. 140 ; DC. 1. c.
C. aristata, Willd. spec. 3. p. 2253; Pursh, l. c. (excl. local. S. Car.)
Diodonta aristosa, Nutt. ! in trans. Amer. phil. soc. 1. c.
Swamps, Michigan ! Ohio! Missouri! to Western Louisiana! Aug.-
Sept.—® ? Stem 2-3 feet high, at length brachiately much branched.
Rays large. Awns (sometimes 4 in number) somewhat variable in length,
but longer and more slender than in any related species ; the achenium also
broader and flatter, with very hispid margins ; the surface likewise sparingly
hispid. If we mistake not, the achenia are sometimes awnless !
6. C. involucrata (Nutt.): minutely pubescent; stem quadrangular below
; leaves 1- 2-pinnately 3-7-parted ; the divisions linear-lanceolate, in-
cisely toothed ; heads paniculate ; scales of the exterior involucre (about 20)
linear-lanceolate, hirsute (as well as the peduncles), longer than the interior;
ovaries oval, hispid-ciliate, 2-toothed at the summit.—Nutt. ! in jour. acad.
Philad. 7. p. 74. Diodonta involucrata, Nutt.! in trans. Amer. phil.
soc. 1. c.
Arkansas, Nuttall! 'D r . Pitcher !—Fruit unknown. The plant entirely
resembles C. aristosa, excepting the outer involucre, and the short teeth of
the ovary.
* * Achenia obovate-oblong, wingless, olsoletely 2-toothed at the summit: involucre nearly
as in Chrysostemma; the scales scarcely united,: ra/ys entire : appendages of Ike
Style ovate-triangular, with a short point: leaves opposite, ample, undivided, serrate,
copiously feather-veined.—Silphidium.
7. C.latifolia (Michx.): very smooth and glabrous; stem tall; leaves
membranaceous, ovate or ovate-oblong, acuminate, irregularly dentate-serrate,
with the teeth mucronate, abruptly contracted into short petioles, pale
beneath ; heads in small trichotomous corymbs; scales of the involucre 4-5
in each series; the exterior linear, spreading.—Michx: ! fl. 2. p. 137.
High mountains of Carolina, Michaux! Mountains of Georgia and North
Carolina, Jk?r. Buckley! Aug— Lower leaves often 6 inches long and 4
broad. Heads small for the size of the plant: rays 5 or 6, large. Chaff oblong
linear. Corolla_ yellow. Anthers long, black. Mature achenia unknown
: the flat ovaries are obscurely margined.
* * * Achenia elliptical, narrowly winged and somewhat incurved when mature, emar-
ginate: the summit of the wing and the narrow emargination denticulate-lacerate ■
chaff nearly filiform,somewhat deciduous: scales of the exterior involucre Unear, obtuse,
foliaceous, spreading, as many as the interior (6-8) but much smaller, all united
a tm base: rays obtuse, entire: corolla of the disk yellow, turning brownish: leaves
opposite^petioled, 3-divided, or the lowest pinnately 5-divided; the divisions entire
feather-veined: heads somewhat corymbose, exhaling the anisate odor of Lepachys
when bruised!—Chrysostemma, Less.
8. C. tripteris (Linn.): smooth and glabrous; stem tall, simple, or corymbose
above; divisions of the leaves lanceolate, acute, with very scabrous
margins, and with an obscure marginal nerve ; heads on short peduncles —
Linn.! spec. 2. p 908; Michx.! fl. 2. p. 138; Willd.! spec. 3. p. 2253-
Ell. sk. 2. p. 442. Anacis tnptens, Schrank. Chrysostemma tripteris’
Bess. ! syn. p. 227; D C .! prodr. 5. p. 568; Hook. lot. mag. t. 3553.P ’
P- leaves minutely seabrous-puberulent.
Dry soil, and near streams, Michigan ! and Missouri! to Florida1 and
Louisiana! 0. Western Louisiana, Dr. Vr.atch! Aug.-Oct— U Stem 4-8
feet high. Heads including the spreading rays an inch or more in diameter—
I he denticulate fringe at the summit of the achenia is nearly confined
to the wing, so that the pappus can scarcely be called coroniform. The
style is nearly as m C. semfolia, delphinifolia, &c., in which species, moreover,
the summit of the wing is more or less denticulate.
* * * * Achenia obl°ng, narrowly winged, straight or a little incurved, minutely 2-toothed
or nearly naked and truncate at the summit: chaff linear-filiform, persistent: scales of
the extenor involucre oblong-linear, obtuse, about the length of the interior, all united
at the base: rays usually acute and entire: leaves opposite, sessile, mostly 3-divided so
that each pair resembles a whorl of six; the divisions entire or lobed, never serrate
1-nerved. Gyrophyllum. (Eucoreopsis & Gyrophyllum, Nutt., excl. spec.)
9. C. senifolia (Michx.): softly and minutely puberulent; stem quadran
gular below; leaves closely sessile, 3-divided ; the divisions oval-lanceolate
membranaceous, 1 -nerved, obscurely veined, entire, scarcely acuminate;