■ bROMUS Linnai Gen. PI. T r ian d r ia D ig y n ia .
D Rail Gen. 27. H erb® g r am inifo Lije, flore iMperfecto culmifer®.
BROMUSJlerilis, panicula patulA, fpiculis öblongis diftichis, glumis fubulato-ariftatis. Lin. Syft. Vigetab.p. 103,
BROMUS panicula nutante; iocuftis féptifl'oris; glumis argute lanceolatis, linearis, fubhirfutis. Haller:
hiß. n. 1505.
FESTUCA avenaCea fterilis ela’tiof. Bailhin. pin\ 9, iöi ,.
BROMOS herba, five avena' fterilis. Parkinfon, 1147. Brombs fterilis. Gerard emac. Rail Synop. p. 412;
Great wild Oat-Grafs or Drank. Hudfon. Fl. Angl. p. 40. Scopoli. FI. Carnioh p. 78;
I I dIx (ibrofa. • . . . |R O O T fibrous.
CULMI pedales ad bipedales, fuberedti, teret’es; laves, | STAJLKS from one tb two feet high, nearly upright,
■ ad bafin infradti.; Geniculi tumidi. f ' round and fniooth, at bottom crooked or el-
| bowed; the Joints fwelled.
ItfOLlAlonga, plana, una cbm vaginis, molliflime v il- j LEAVES long and flat, covered, together with their
■ j0fe’ ' I fheaths, with foft fhort hairs.
R nICULA magna, nutans: P e d u n c u l i plerumquefPANICLE large, and drooping, the Peduncles gene*
p fimplices, ad bajin tumidi. | rally Ample; andJ'welLed at their bafe, <
BlCULiE biunciales, fubcompreffie, apice divergeiites, | SPICUL/E about two inches long, flattiffi, and diver-
fig. r. I ging toward the extremity; fig.>1.,
IcALYX: Gluma bivdlvis, Valvulis imequalibus, lineari-1 CALYX : a Glume bf two Valves; the Valves Inequal,
■ lanceolatis, fig. 2. . | ■ ' long and narrow, fig. 2..
IgOROLLA : bivalvis, Valvulis' in^qualibus, exteriore | CO ROL LA: comjjbfed of two Vaises, which are ine-
Jongibre, concava, ftriata; apice membrahacea, j . qual, the exterior Valve longeft, concave, ftriabifida,
Arista redta Corolla duplo longiore| ted, at tdp membranous and bifid, terminated
terminata,_/?£. 3. ValvulA. interibre planiufcula, | by a ftralght A rista twice the length of the
ciliata, 4. | Corolla, fig. 3. the interior Valve nearly flat,
| . and ciliated, fig. 4.
iECTARIUM: Glumul® duae acuminata:, ad Safin t NECTAR Y : twd fmall long-pointed Glumes with'a
biglandulofie, fig. 6. I fmall gland at the bafe of each, fig. 6.
STAMINA: Filamenta tria, capillaria, A nther® $ STAMINA: three fmall Filaments: the A nther.®
flavas, fig. s'. . $ yellow, fig- \
PISTILLUM: Germen oblongum, apice truncatum five f PISTILLUM: the Germen oblbng, at top flat of flightly
emarginatum; pars inferior ex qu& ftyli pro-1 emarginate, the bottom part from whence the
deunt, et quod verum Germen efle videtur, ♦ Styles proceed, and which feems to be the true
nitida,/^. 7; pars fuperior albida, villofa,^. 8.? Germen, is fmooth and fhining, fig. 7. the
Styli .duo plumbfi, patuli, fig. 9; I upper part white and villous, fig. 8; twd
¥ , Styles, feathery and fprfe'ading,.^. 9.
||EMEN ex purpureo-fufcUm, oblongum; ariftatum, | SEED of a purplifh brown colour, oblong, bearded, en-
calyee te&um; fig: 10: denudattim; fig. 11. | clofed within the calyx, fig. 16. the dalyx
* ftripped bff, fig: 1 ii
BMuch praifeis due to the late ingenious Mr. StillinofleeT for liis attempts to introduce; nibfe generally among
warmers, a knowledge of our moft ufeful Englifh Grafles: his obfervatioris on this fubjedt are fo exceedingly,
Rtinent, that the infertion of them cannot fail td prove highly acceptable to fuch as have the promotion of
Briculture at heart.
H It is wonderfull to fee how long mankind has negledled to make a proper advantage of plants of fuch importance,
Bind which in almoft eVery country are the chief food of cattle. The farmer for want of diftiriguifhing, and feledring.
Bjraffes for feed, fills his pafture.either with weeds, or bad, of improper grafles; when by making a right choice;
Erafter fome trials he might be fure of the beft graft, and in the greateft abundance that his land admits df. At prefen t
jijif a farmer wants to lay down his land to graft, what does he do ? he either takes his feeds indifcriminately from
Hiis own foul hay-rick, or fends to his next neighbour for a fupply. By this means, befidfes a certain mixture bf all
Hförts of rubbifti, which niuft neceflarily happen; if he chances to have a ldrge proportion of good feeds, it is not
Binlikely, but that what he intends for dryland may come from moift, whereit grows naturally, and.the contrary:
|phis is fuch a flovenly method of proceeding, as one would think could not pbflibly prevail univerfally ; yet this
the cafe as to all grafles, except the darnel graft, and what is known in fome few countries by the name of thé
Bfuffolk graft; and this latter inftaiice is owing, I believe, more to the foil than- any care of the hufbandman.
B f ow would the farmer be at the pains of feparating once in his life half a pint; or a pint bf the different kinds of
“ graft feeds, and take care to fow them fepairately; in a very little time he would have wherewithal to ftock his
Barm properly, according to the natüre of each foil; and might at the fame time fpread thefe feeds feparately over
B h e nation by fupplying the feed-fhops. The number of grafles fit for the farriier is, I believe, fmall; perhaps half
M |dozen>- or half a fcore are all he need to cultivate; and how fmall the trouble would be of -fuch a talk, and how
■ Kreat the benefit, muft be obvious td every one at firft fight: Would ndt any dne be looked on as wild who fhould
tl mv ^ eali barley, oats, rye^peafe^ beans, vetches, buck-wheat, turnips, and weeds of all forts together ? yet how is it
B&uch left abfurd to do what is equivalent in relation to graffes ? does it not import the farmer to have good hay
Sj"a^s plenty ? and will cattle thrive equally on all forts of food ? We know the contrary. Horfes will
l l i l a f '^^631 ^a^’. l^at do well enough for bXetl and cows. Sheep are particularly fdnd of one fort of graft;
“ ü uPon II fafter, than oil any other in Sweden, if we may give credit to Linnasus. And may they not do
B e 111 England ? How (hall we know till we havé tried ? Nor can we fay that what is valuable in Sweden
“ B n 6 ln^er*or t0 many other grafles in England.; fince it appears by the Flora Suecica that they havé all the
K ? - or"?s we have. But however this may be, I fhould rather chufe to make experiments, than conjectures.’*
h etltu^ra^S not0ne ^ofe which are worth the Farmer’s cultivation; but fo much the reverfe; that
^ uthors have called \tJlerilis, not becaufe it is really barren, but from its inutility with refpedt to cattle.
■ ugro,ws exceeding common under hedges, and flowers in May and June.
{Hf; a^uer -° ” ave a c^ear ^dea of the ftrudture of the parts of fructification in the Giraffes, they fhould be examined
le.tlme, or rather before the Antherce have difcharsed their Pollen: a fmall fpaCe of time makes a confiderable |
R n thU MBappearance. M 1 & ^
t^S. Pecies ° f Bromus, as well as in the Êrömus mollis, the Styles proceed from the middle of the Germen, and not
the Grafie * * 4IS1S a Pecüliafity which feems to have efcaped the notice of Schreber, who has written proféflèdly on
Wavs fm * v exam" ied them with more accuracy than any preceding Writer. In his figures the Styles procéed
■ ' irom me Apex of. the Germen. '