6 ^ 0
L a k .e s .
Mountains.
Alps.
I T A L J A N S T A T E S . -71
Garda,i an expanfc o f about thirty •Britiflx m iles indength by” eight in
b r e a d t h . a j In the,- central part -of Italy, the -largeft flakes? are thófe o f Perugia and
Bolfena, withdhofei:to the north o f Rieth ‘Som e fmall. lakes are alfo
'celebrated, as thatvff-A lbano, fhaded by t^ees and rocks, and that ©f
N em i in feventeen m i l e s ft&m Röfnë.
In -the Neapolitan p artis the lake o f .Celano.in the north j and that off
Varano, near m ount G argario: dor is there any large laker in the
fouthern part, or in the iftatid o f Sitilyj in w hich laft that o f Bevefiö,
near Lentihi, Ê l the moftrréiaarkable.
T h e moft important m ountains o f Italy;are the. AlpsJ: already in a
great meafure deferibed, -underi the article o f Swiflerland. T he maritim
e AlpSrrife ftom the feadojthe weft o f O neglia, dnd are ffücceëdëd
by other denom inations, extending; due .north .to m ont B lanc,'the ancient
boundary o f Savoy, and" now "a French m ountain.* ïh e ‘ittfdft
remarkable paflage through the maritime Alps ds th e '<Sbl de Tèqcïi.
Few fummits in this weftern chain have ffeceived particular tdërfo'hiiha-
tion s: the chief are m ount V ifo, w hich gives foirce to the' Po j ahd
m ount Cenis a noted paflage to Turin. O ther names*'are m öiint'G e-
névre, m ount Iferaü, R och M ichel,f & c. Ih general theN veffèfn
Alps rife, in fucceffive elevation, from the fea to m ount Blanc.' 'Saiiffure
has explained, w ith his üfual ability, the compoliitiori-'bf3lhis chaf'd o f
the Alps.* T he calcareous m ountainsnear -Geneva, are ffoIldiPed. by
granitic mixtures ó f mica and quartz, w ith argilla'cèbüs' hddfths^dnfl
ferpentine. '’ From m ount Blanc the grand chain o f the Itdliati* Alps
bends N . E ., prefenting the high fummits o f the great St. Bernard,
and m ount M audit, Combin, C efvin, and m ount Ro'fa,'the;laft nearly
approaching m ount Blanc itfelf in height. In his laft volum e Sauflure
* T h e country o f N ice has alfo been feizëd b y the French, and ftyled the department o f the
maritime A lp s ; the higheft chain o f thefe Alps, through' wHicli is the Col-de Tende, forming
the exterior boundary o f the country o f N ice;
» \ Keyfler, i. 202. idly aflerts that the Roclie Melon, near mont Cenis, is fuppofed to be
the higheft o f the Italian Alp s. I t is 1 1 ,9 7 7 Englilh feet above the fe a ; while Little mont
Cenis is 9956. Smith, iii.' 138. Mount Rofa exceeds 15,500. Mont Blanc by Sir G . Shuck-
borough 15,662 ; b y D e L u c 15,304..
* V o y a g e, tome v. ï
C H A ? . I. G B l ^ E R A ^ D E S C R r P t l O N . '
hasSgi$ényamfple d^taife'j^hfcèrnï^g^th^tyaft-nlountain, w biüh’has remolded
hnnotedTn;stbe-ma-jasj, yri^yaNifiBitions'natoupt Mgro, has fup-
pMpd|jit|f pl'acavJrfMpuhl^hïnf^. formsï as it w ife- a1 (W ens, -;,of - gigantic
pea%L%>f©un,aing the,ivi‘lla g e ^ ^ a ^ g h 4ga*j.a. Angularity o f forn*
flronglyipeutrapkg^jwith Blana2..b,and..fapp^fedl^ Impart the
name* -fripi-^fonïe, to a%<' Apané^d^réfe,^'; W hile, mount
B lanc^.aü^.Jl^a^j^^pL jh^lijlum rphs^^a^^ppfed^éfJv^ical ftrata,
•the moft ofrjpp.u.ntil^ofa ar^ mchned'
® ^ e lhapi £9$. T h e^ ftru ^ w ^ ^ eq iia lljid i^ T ^ ^ fn rJ w h ife mount
B la^ ^ ^ o^ fts^ F va^ m ^ isofrgram jejrm q p n ^ ofa, j& cljigfly of gnefls,
^ ' f # ° f &.g ^ n j|^ |n d ; S p - yarfaus, are, W e great
©perjition^pjF njattpet lwher&,thefejty- wsnld.ex|y;fh fv i n iW ity-.^. ,
From mpunt Rofa^shj^ grap^'cbai'm cen tih b e^ ^ p i^ g r^ ^ N , E. by
(S.ijnplop,-*&c.- fihrhhg^ thé i^ p tr y pfifffierG l^n^tp;. th e' ,gl^fjersso f
T yrol, term inating.;^ the fglrign A lp ^ i1 lh vis^ phijef jchain,paffm g
.through the centre of Tyro% öughfcï ill dééd to- form, the! boundary between
Germany ajid.Jtalyh forj the, [Italian A%)^3f0^th'e jhèr’th ;> o f the
former M ilanefe and Venetian t0rrittffics,s;are^pf .-c^fh-pdratiyely final!
.elevation1. M ount Baldo> on.,the eaft pfj;£he lake. dhG&Jda, deffefyes to
be.jmentioned,' only on' account'of its botanical Wealth, and literary
celebrity^1 the higheft by fa r'of the Italian 'Alpshb'elpuging to the
country o f Pieduiont,
The next grand, chain o f ftahan ifipuW ras is that o f the A pennines
W hile the-w eftern Arps, branch off on ope /ide-into the mountains of
Bauphiné,* on the, other the A pennines are^at firftwa Jbrapch qf the
A lp s which fepafates the plains of Piedmont from-dhe fea.4 Thus, ,the
Apennines begin near Ormea, in that high jrid‘gl' which, now .forms' the
boundary o f the French department o f‘the maritime-’ Alps, and ftretch
without In y interruption along both fides, ©f,.the gulph o f Gehöa, at
ido great diftance from, the fea, giving/fofisvce to many, rivers flowing to
3 Sauflure,' viü.' 54.
* Some- would extend this chain to ,the Pyrenees; b u t a great and - accurate oBferver remarks
that it is entirely interrupted b y the. wide plains, of. lower Provence, and Languedoc. Sauflure,
v. 222.
•> Sauflure, y. 221.
6 3 *
Mountains-.
Apennines.