-XilTERATthREd
‘''r'
3 £ducatioa.
Titles- and
Towns.:
.Conilantmo-
^ e .
fig s failed from the' intereft o f the copyiftsj w h o inferred th a t'thiès’art
would deprive .them o f the ir bread. A' late traveller’'-inforiftê W-tfifit
there are in .tb if capital fe v e ra liuMnè-ifBamy o r public libraries,- among
yirhieh afe thofe o f S aiMtSftpbia; and the- Snlimanie J am a f y b u t hone
'fo elegant as. th a t founded b y th é grand vizir Raghid,r which is wholly
built o f marble in ,the midft o f a fq-uare court, and is .filled w ith books
.chiefly theplogteab A lib r a r ia n c o n f ta n tly 'a tte n d s , and-there are convenient,
feats with carpets and, culhions. - In th e ne ighbourhood $s a
fohool founded by th e fame vizir, in which about fo p ‘boys.are ta u g h t
to .read and write« T h e market fo r hooks is. exteiifive^lcofttXming
many fliops well fupplied w ith oriental manufcripts. '-T h e Tu rk s havé'
th e ir tmeiènt pqèts, hiftorians, and^divines ; • • hiufc
wb en ;compared w ith thofe o f Eerfia o r1 Arabia.'' i ,
T h e ftate o f education among th e Tu rk s may »be Conceived* to be
very low, and ignorance is indeed a c h ie fp a rt .olfkhe national-' character;
T h e o n ly .proféffiès which requidss a foadow ’ o f teaming is-'that
■ o f th e law, which, as before 'explained, is intimatêl^- Cönnèdtfed w ith
'th e ir theology. T h e celebrated doctors have-diföi^esjiWh'o afe trained
-up to 'th a t d e p a rtm en t; b u t there feems n o th in g th a é c a a «deforce*'-tire'
name o f c o l l i e o r univerfity.
T h e chief c ity o f European T u rk ey , an d o f the Turkish empire 1 is
■Conftantinople, -fo called beeaufe founded by Gofiftafitine, on th’e ’-fifb’
■hi” the ancIent B.yzantium. T h e advantages ofithe fituatiori ,can hai^h-y
-be exceeded, and th e a%e£t frpm th e f e t is p e cslia riy lg ran i^ ’k t ^ ^ ' a
nearer approach th e wooden hcWels,. and ©arrow ftreèls^ dr^|l|i#^if'%hé'
fplendid ex p efla tio n s o f th e fpelfcator, •• »Thé’ beautiful defeription
G ib b o n is .knows to every r e a d e r ^ and r e c é n t ïtr a v d lé ït|i^ ^ 'applahdéd
-its - a c c u r a c y T h i s * c a p ita l forms an unequal triangfeprefembling a
h a rp,’ being about twelve or fourteen Englifli mites firi - eiriaiMf#enëe,
.éndofed by w alk, and on two fides b y the fea, and the harbour called
-the Golden H o rn . T h e inh ab itan ts are computed at: 400,000, in c
lu d in g the. four luburbs, Galata, Pera, To.phana, and Scutari. O f thefe
206,000 are T u rk s : 1 oo-,ooo G re e k s ; and th e remainder Jews, A rmenians,
and Franks. T h e moft celebrated, edifices are th e Seraglio,
• 1 -Browne, p. 422 * Dallaway’s Conft. 15..
which
S S m M ■ adarge,space c r o c l ed,,-^vith. varibus ,buildings, of mean .Cities and
architecture \.j a n d f th e <s£Fiqfl^ ro f -Sanda^&iphia, already mentioned. o w ' ;
'T h e pn^jpd-.€htiiEat^ Y o f t f e g ^ ^ ^ ^ is . fly led ,Gapi, or .the -Porte, .an'
-appellation'which;'has: m lle lS o the Tirrkifh court. T h e frequent vifi-
tations b f the peftiteneepand. the conflagrations often k indled by popu-,
laii difeontent, rendiefijGbnftantinbpfe ah Qnpleafanffehde.U.c.e.-.;.:.'
N e x t in dignity and ex teh t iis the -city /o f Adxianoplfc, -formerly th e Adrianopfe.;
European feat ,of- the Turkifh, dominion. ’ T h is which ; hands -
a b o u t 140 B ritilh rnile.s.VtQ the N . W .. .of Gpnftaritmople, was founded
fey“ the lemperor Hadrian -on ith e [«fite ipf . the: ancient Oreftias. It is
wafhed by th e iHebms,- pew- the Maritz, which her%r£cefves two tri- ,
b u ta ry dreams.5\ Th is fegb,nd city o f European Tu rk ey is; o f a circular
-form,, furrounded b y a /Wall and tq-Wers. M an y o f the houfes are
jrefjtepable, b u t the flreets are narrow, and,,-mdireS:. T h e feraglio is in
a pleafant fituation, Xeparated from the city b y thqjiv.er Arda, and\cpm- 4
man d in g a n extenftve, view o f the country, yvhich .is fertile, ^and re-
markable .for; excellent vines. Several o f the modes are ;pf; celebrated
fplendqur, and th e commerce ‘o f the- City\by the river- is no.t, ineqn.-
fldierabi4*^'d fpb \ z i * & j 1 h H
' Eilibe, or Filipopoli, is meanly built, .without fortifications, or one
g o o d .ftre e t I th& p itu a tien hieing fo low and; mbite, that, tjae mud is
fometimes.two foefcidgejp.and.domes like pods are le t up tp ’. facilitate
th e piogrefs o f foot paflengers, -Yet it is a c ity o f cpnfiderable. f e e . 0 >(
. T h e c ity io f Sofia,- fituated in a low country; N. W . from Adriapople, Sofia,
is o f confiderable trade, but meanly feuik : th e inhabitants are computed
.Siliftria in Bulgaria, on the river DanultefiiX^hfipputed fo. contain
^Pjoo'pifpuis j. w h ile Rucchoreft, the eH € ftc ity o f W alachiavts eftimated:
.at th e fame number.-; but Jafly,. the s leading tow n of Moldavia, and .
Bender of. Beflarbia-, are.' only eftimated each a t 1 <x qt . 1 2 ,o o p /\
- Belgrade, the capital o f Servia,. repeatedly difputed be.twe.dh the Auf-v. Belgrade..
trian s and T u rk s, is now deftitute of. fortifications,*’ but is fuppofed' to
“*i * s Biifching, iffi 3 4 6 . 1"'
* Adfi, from. tKe information of a'late traveller in MS.,' that this city is nearly two miles in cir-..
^quit, uiifbrtlfied : on the-S. E. is -a large tyiblk ob-a hill, whence -the cityflopeii to tBeJf.-W.
'MS.' information. .
VOL. u ; ; 3%n * . , r e t a in