M a r k e r s
AND
CvlTOEli
C H A P T E R H R .
Ci v r £ G eo gr a f 'h-yv
Manners and Ci^oms.— Iainguage.^Literaiare.-**Edmationi^^dmf4rfities.—.
V' Cities and 'Towns***-,Edifices.—Roads.— Mand \ation-*—j\danufd^res
and Commer ce.
V ARIOUS are the manners and cuftoms o f the numerous kipg-
doms and provinces fubjed to- the houfe .erf Auftria. Vienna,
the capital, prefents as it were an aflemblage of. nations, fri their various
drefies. In Auftria proper the people are much at their-cafe : and the
farmers, and even peafantry, little inferior to tbofe'.of England. Tra-
vellers have remarked the abundance of provifions at Vienna, "and the
confequent daily luxury o f food, accompanied with ,great variety pf
wines. The Auftrian manners are cold, but civil; the women elegant
but devoid o f ifiental accnmplifhments, the only books they-read
being holy legends/ The ufe o f rouge is universal, But'mocl prate; and
the drefs is Angularly fplendid.. They retain the abfurd falhion, univerfal
on the continent, o f drefling little girls like women, with the
high powdered head, and the hoop. The manners fomewhat partake
o f the Italian and Spanifh cicifbeifin, forming in this reiped a kind of
medium between the profligacy o f the fouth of Europe and the decency
o f the north. The Auftrian youth of rank are commonly ignorant,
and of courfe haughty, being entire ftrangefs" to the. cultivation of
mind, and condefeenfion of manners,- to .be found among the" fuperior
ranks o f fome other countries, a circumftance more ftriking to the
Englilh.traveller in particular from the violence of the contrail. An
Auftrian nobleman or. gentleman is never feen to read, and hence polite
literature is almoft unknown and uncultivated; nor have the Auf-
* Wraxall’s Memoirs, ii 240. &c.
tnans
triads -yet- claimed i: any ’flia-E® iffclfecp^gfeft - ihGcrmany. - Yet- the
emperor; having long beemcopfl'der'ed'as the higheft power» in Europe,-
theAuftrians affed to fconfider themfelves as feperipr.tp, Other nations.
It is to be regretted 'that a* more rational- mode of1 education is not followed}
.which would‘fppen their minds-, to the numerous delights and
advantages-afjfin'g^fronEhfcn'^i^j^ purfuits, and deliver them, from; many
vain feperftitions,^ as they’hefieve in ghofts and,familiar -fpirits, and in
thecidle, dreams of afchyipy^dMccoflfeqPcnce pf- this ignorance the
languages remain«/ unpolftbed ; -andjthe Auftrian fp.eech is-, 'one of the
meaneft dialers, of tboGferpian, fo> that- polite people afe conftrained to
yjfe French. The--lfitygF,i&rd'pF6, are,- however, IflMjle addi-ded to crimes
or vi®§lpand puniftinjents are rare: robberies.are'feMpmrGomiirittpd|
and- mfnde? ilittle known.- Whent.capital,- punife|mentiTg&arafeS; unavoidable,
it is -adminiftefpd with-■gj-(eat‘',fb|emnity, and. accompanied
wit h. public; prayers, an example vyorthyvof uniyerfal imitation -
J The next pepple- in-eftimatipa, apd the npml^Sy mche, Hnnr*
garians. ,«-Their manners-are no-w. Confi.derably tindured, by - thpfe ;pfi
the* ruling Germans, but ,they /remain p'eppl^ and ’affed to
defpife their mafters. -Their d.^efs is»wglljku°wpfta be peculiar, , ahflrs?
copied by our buffaTiSp,, Thigf drefs^eojafifti-ng of a tigfijt-.veft,, mantle,
and- furred cap, is< graceful; and the whifkers add a.military ferocity tp
the* appearance.* In other refpeds recent trayellersrdo>tmtifeem. to have
been imprefled with much diftindion beCweeh; the Auftrian and Hungarian
manners. Thedcbange introduced into thofe,of Venice by the'
Auftrian domination has not yet been deferibed. The M-orlacs, af^vother-
infend tribes of Dalmatia* are honeft and. fipcere barbarians and ^hei
dr-efs e f their -Vaivods 'fomewhat referable« thgHvh^rid%' Dalmatia -
being divided -hettyegrf^thejjQreek and. Xatholio',religion'!, they., have)
grafted- many fuperflitions upon both : bgtpfbJj, a full aeepunt of their
manners and'Qoftonfs, the curip$b reader, muff jbefreferfed' to, Eor-ti's’s
travels in Dalmatia,3 “ <j
The languages fpoken in thefe aggregated dominions' aE^pnJnevpus
and diferepant. They belong chiefly- t*o three grand djvifaons, the
In the Hungarian, Hufaar implies the p^fittie thy fc^ufe twenty peafantt aie obBgeii-to fur-
* nilh one horfemaft'to^he cavalry. -Butch. iii. 5 § . .
.. / p - 4 3 - 8 8 H
Mann
CvSTO
Languag
Gothic