É cclrsias-
1 t ic GköiiSRAf
Hr.
Government.
-Or'di.nadqs ‘de p a trimonie , having,
' __ o F f fir^ r ^ a J s srclay ' - ^ - < J
Otdip'ados de-meiioreSj w itK in fe tiq f eccjefiaf- J
‘tical ördeÉs y -tg -,i -- <j—, j j j
.Beheficiados’,' q r capons ó f cathedrals, 'ajid' j
' otheFbeneficiaries- - j
Monks ' _ _ ' j : -i i.
N u r i s ' *' »
Beatas . - - — -
‘ Syndics,to colle£t fo r the -mendicants I - 1 ' I
.Inquifitors - - -
B—
I
- The archbilhoprics are eight;, biflsfepFics fojjty-^fixs. -Tlfiem&©ft opjJlent-
Éeeisjthafcof Toledo, which is fBppefed(fca yield annually
The,. Mozarabic ceiE^öfêd by church,
after jthe ednverfion from- Arianifm. to- t-he- Galholiqif^tiL^c0^ipneó>f<S
be uiêd in Spain :till. the Motprs- yvere fubdued; jyben the Rprnan:fó|,üi
was introduced. 5f
The^g o v e rnm enFo f S p a in lsw e ll' known to.be defp o tk ; the ftates or
Górtes having ha rdly bpen; affembled fince the timeof-Chaglle&'y. T}rru
Robeirtfon’s. hiftcay o f th a t re ig n m a y -be confultéd fq ^ a n ^aMe-ydew^of
ancient Spanifh liberty, j If- the late moh&rchs hadjjbe^n4 as muety a d - 1
di&ed tn mafs as to t h e c h a ^ i t is probable.lhat fh e inqu&fitio'n. would*
have become th e chief power in Spain. T h e t defpotifm, of. the monarchy,
which might in th e hands o f an able and-iatelUg'emtf'prince,
be attended with great benefit to th e n a tio n a lly .thèijióftajntdaeóus-dx-
tinOion o f abufes, is here balanced »by .the,,power jofi th e -c h u rc h /c to
w h ic h even the nobles a re fiibmiffive devotees. I t is/, .tempered, as
ufual even u n d e r oriental defpotifm, by apany' c o u n c ils,; who,-are; re*
fponfible for an y unwife o r unfiiccefsfui njeaftires ; for power is i§ -
tim a te ly Cpnne&ed with capacity, and - when defpotifm is arraigned,
there is often more caufe to lament the mere indolence o f th e d e fp o t,
w h o , inftead o f exerting his power fo r the general benefit, commits it
1 Townfend, i. j l l .
to
to others for- their peculiar Advantage; T h e chief councils in Spain,
are •:. 1 .^Khat 'o f diJ^aj^h-es,.&C a f e l '1^1%, the. ju n to or: .cabinet council*
KeifiE,/com.pofed q f the kiqgsand his miipijjSsji o f .ft^fe." T h e council
q f fta£s, |n which 'th e ,kingUdlEdfidesAifeA M which th e archbithop o f
T o led an s, always-a ■'mernbjer^ Vxhe ro y a F ^ B u c if o f finances, called
h e Hazienda. '4 / T h e firpfetqe j,cqunoiii,Df’ ^ a h ’f’^ . ’‘T h e Tupreme
ig&toeil -of 'Caftik.*-’’ 6«, T j|e r _fupre|rie 'ecmhbil! , .of Arragoh. T h e
fujweme council'1 o f' the inquifinon. | royal ,;c®mpil - o f the
orders.of kriigj|dh'@od?, q. T ^ e ^ i a l^ f f l a n c i l 'o f the'fnBies?, T h a t
o f RirjGVpSdaj t^mppfLdfV1of^Jj4cotnn^flar'5K::gAe^l5[‘^ member o f the
council o f C altile /'lm d - another, o f th a t q f Arragori^’who'arrange the
fubfiafbskto B e ^ rap led lb y rb e 'o k |g y , ;under thq pretext o f war againft
theflnfidels., Tne^ grandees^qfjjhe kingdom, w h e r l y f ftyled
the Rich M en , have feve-raf privileges ; -among w h ich v-aflpimportant
o n e ,in th e ir eyes" *is th a t o f 'wearing -fn ciF h atsln ^ fn e 'royal prefence,
w h ic h is however, never done e x c e p t ^ th e .n o d io f t-hq foy’e^eign.
T h e laws!, o f Spain are contained in lev.eral .anciantf codes; and re-
courje' is alia had ,ito V th q <sc^,vii and- c^nofis-law.r The' < J^rd& ahof' are
..numerous, An'd'inftead ofiexplainingJihe ‘coyi^s,*ofte^jj^oipede thfeiadmi-
mftration o f juftigg. Miftaken mercy,ffequpntly retains,qritninals ihs long
durance, fo th a t wben th ey are executed thejjr o l^ u q e ,i^®Xgq,t^eni and
tfie example o f puniChment becomes inefficacious. | .
,*Tlhe population o f this kingdom isj cornputed-at 1 to
a fquare mile ; while, France, yields. 174,, anu -England i.ugf: inay.,the
kingdom o f Naples isi computed ,^..20-1:., T h is ftriking deleft .of pppu-
lation has defervedly excited Attention ; and a^atCtjntaSment traveller3
has attemptedyo a lig n the^eafons, among w h ^ ^ a y ,b® pprubered the:
expulfion o / th e Jews after th e conqueft o f Granada! r th a t d f the jVfoors
b y Philip Ilf ; ,the contagimls £eversTmquent|n tlie ^ j^ th e rn protjmgeSj
the, inceffant- inteftine wars, for feven {^entu-ries carried, on.agaj|jft rh e
M-Oor^ j the emigrafiqns to America ; .and th e yaft number^ qfr unmarried
clergy a n d 'm o n k s . Sev cral^o ther^caufe s -ar^enumerated^ among
which muft n o t be forgotten the wapt of^detached farms’; ftru g g fc
w ith the .Moors having -infti'tuted a rooted prejudice which .induces
* TownfiMuji.: 21
3 .G '2
G overnm
e n t -,,, Ï »
Laws
PopCdatiom
th e