l u x AND
N a v ig a -W*
T,ÏON.
.Manufactures
and G o o i - -
merce.
the increafe of-thé inland trade with Germany, the fouthern Netherlands,
and France.'
.ü*\The chief manufactures of Holland-a re finehs; manytof which/how-
ever are made, in Silefia, pottery, and painted. tilea, ; efpeciahy at Delft ;.
leather; wax, fnufff fugar, ftarch, paper,, befidés fome o f woollen,<cat-
ton, and filk.1 But the molt precious- branch of commerce confifted in
fpfces and drugs, brought From the- fettlements in the E. Indies j , and
the Dutch E. India company"was; for.>a<cönfiderable...timéj jthe greateft
mercantile firm-in Europe* The fifhery i^ ‘fefïNörtherpifea^|^fidaeYen
on their own and the Englifh coafts, was alfo an object' of> great com-*
mércial importance. Latterly perhaps the chief advantage was derived
from Holland being the grand depofit of commerce between ,Gfftat
Britain and the continent, particularly Germany and France?- The
inland trade with Germany, by the canals and the Rhine,, is.alrnoft the
only branch which has efcaped the ravages o f jraFv and may éven poyr
be regarded as confiderable. .Of .this. tfe&.nipft remarkable feature
confifted in the vaft floats of timber, which .arrived at-. Dort .from -An-
dernach, and other places on. the Rhin^.Jwhpfhi-'Ai^i^s .ifti;ei®tI1 ,r&-
ceived the trees o f the German forefts. The length oTthef^raft-Sssia
frOTryoo to 1000 feet,- the breadthrfepm $Q tg 9 6 ; and SQ& JftbpiflEp*8
diredfjthe floating ifland, which ijs erofwne.d with.a,.viIlaBe./.o£4timbe.r-
huts-for their reception.' .Thei navigation J&• r-dje
ftri&eft regularity; and on their a r r i v a l j g f p '
occupies feveral months, and frequently produces" mo^j.than,3q,pQph
fterling.8 The other branches of inland traffic are numerous : andjtbe
Rhine may be faid to fupply Holland, with infular advantages, fecurq
from the deftrudtive inroads of maritime war. ....
7 Manhal, vo i i. 225—25?. " * RaddifFe, ii. 114.. ••
C H A P f E ’# l i l . '
A l A $ H y . ; e
Climate and Seafons.— Face’ o f the Country.— S:oil an d'A piculture.—R iv e r s.—
.. ; Lakes. —Mountains.—Forefts.— Bgtftny;. -— Zoology.—Mineralogy. Mineral
£ i^ a t e r s .— j^q.t^al,CutiQfitMs^ ^,'ii
^ ^ ^ ^H D IT Y - and: cbift’^are {the, cMef&ehafa£ter,iftks of'
. . ihq IJ-bi ted--Provinces. 'The gereera’hfacifaf'
k&large marfhr> v^hfeh, has been drained ; the'i&ahafe’ 1 and Jeveri the fed,
looking pale and difcol©ured;by mud ;' hnflah^iameroaSidhdUmp^ftant;
cities and gtov^ns incite admiration, and1 tihevihol¥f®pifi,efl" i idPas-bf the
wond.erfulpbweiis of indilftry,'" whic|^fe^3ii's to- h h ' f h ' h ’ief feat
amijdlhjjthe jgreatfeft natural ■djijfad\$ainjkages&-rAnd evfer^^ajn.^g' thefe
anarfhesrhqfey® is-relieved-by the gfOyS^fgaf dens, a n d , naejjdp3®S*and
|to ; £he, E.( of 'Utrecht the-^dods '-and’hills)gently fwehr' t©$y-ar.ds,1 GfeE?
«many. • Yet. Qthejeafh even of Dutch Brabant! i s ?sMi »figured' by ; the large
^norafs of* Peal, extending about Brkiflf dulgSfcsifo 'length: Over*
Jjffelj fo called from- its'^eBf^n hpupdary b^|fie-Iffifs W^k'hlppdiVed
the canal led fiy Drufus from*,therRhine, ’isfalmoft' tyfibljly feoppjpjsil&l ° f
enormous marlhest’and heaths aqdf-. the morafs»j©f Bpyrk-fig |fi,vals that
of Peal in extent. 1 The nprtll^r^fpirpyi^ices^f.Frifland and^GfpriiUgen,
-v(parts of the ancient Frifia which included al$a, the..principality, -pf E.
Frifland now belonging.to Pruffia,) pr?%it‘t,pv?fcds"th‘e> S. ajadjjS,; E.
d^tenfive, heaths; while the parts tpi^rar?^Sj!the»Iea;riv^ thp bjbrafi^ ©£
Holland.- 'Ijhps the whole pounffy may be faid to^dftipiay^n intimate
•combinatioq. of land sand Water; a'ndthe few,e.levatibhsiete£monly.epnt-
fift of barren fand.*,’
* It i> fomewhat rcmarkablt that the 2 tfj>yeFi Z|-fh'TOl<i't>e freqaentlyfrcseOT, N4gent‘r n.^385^
"torobably owing'to the «
I 3 Q-2
S h a u
AND S ïA -
the.