f$ f
U niverei-
Cities and »
Towns, .
Edinburgh.
fe ti^ a n d h t& le Undents. The' fate-Mr. Antferfon, pr0^ffor :i)f !natural-
phil.bfophyj-founded an inftitutid’n to promote the 'knowledge of natural
pHilofophy and hiftory ; and more efpecially the application of
thefefciences, to the ufeful purpofes- df Commerces and nianufa&kr.es3.
It is, indeeii&'iSty'wifhed, th^tpk6fcfe\hdtpy;a0'd''tfee^ttfinefoi@i& real
lifej were,-the chief intentions o f a eollegiate education.- ■ -1
■ - 'iF>e’4 hmf^uhi!^t'fity,: tteafc'j^'ftn&bepdefe&, iwas>£©pnded! 'by
phinftfen^i i® the ’year jstaojoq,'2 Sand -it' has J always £up$oiWed -I^Tdfigh
character andrintentions. -i• l a the year4ii5^,,©.edrgwR'ek}^;^ft%ffiarl
Marftlal ^founded- a cpiteg&afc Aben^esn-, vheingwthe. 501%; %ptilh''np|^e~
man- who can olaimi th a t high, h en ®ur. T he i 1 aft^1 n o f -Igaft,91 |f ifh^ 0 f
EdiftWargh,'-founded- b y Jame§; VI,'in*;r58161; >and'thsftiar-e -eftafiieraHI
o f -its*ftlaftndti& prbfeffofs .and writ«rs$hwQuld _$e#]s>y •toQftnujoh^^Q
for 'the'prkfditr'planv i^he^hiritduigS-'bein^rWean and* cmk&R£d,|thc
foundatl&mof a new*edifice'was laid in jiySgyan’d, i t isih-Qped,■ i w f g Q n
fee completed on the maghificentrplansl adjufted by Adamson;
ThechieL-Citifes land ttfwns irt^ iScotJandi'HBmfljn rio^ylse qc©®!iM^ed.
EditiblS^y; tll&capitabsisfebmparatively | of ’’modem,jnamea*4‘ * nQ.tet
Maitland, and other antiquaries;1 harve fallentint®--.mjfera-blfe’mlftakies -fend
mifquotations, conceming,.tfte origins ofithisd oitv^- "a, na1Tage\ Mi ariliid
writer has.been adduced.fpr.its ekiftenfep.tim|%4; whjl^^^a rigkia f is,
completely filentf : Whatever.; may be-the fepoGh of its;jexifteftce,|llie
earlieft hint that nan be applied to it-,- occurs;
about the year 955, where mention is madf?,ofa town c^lleJhjEdten, as
refigned by th eE n g lifh to the Scots, then rifthd-hy Indulf. In the next
century, Malcolm I I I ,, an d Margaret o f -England, hisj celebi3ate|®^e^n,
are faids to haste refided m"the,caftle; hut, hfer-Ii%by?T,ilS^hthf,Q1ita ftb‘is
eircttmftaricep and: Holyrood- houfe waSi .thiv fdundation-„pfffhe n r Ft
David. But .Scetifh antiquities have been treated w ith fqph iijae&uracy,
that crude notionsS^ftfc perpetually fubftituled, inftead of, thai|| exaft
knowledge which«? to be found in thofe o f other countries-
’ib e pppplati©%jof EdinbjftP^jv Ificluding the p o rt b£ Iieith,.|||S:, in
1678, computed at 35,5«^ ;r in 1755, at '70,439 ; ^p d - irf, 11791^ at
84,886' V It is-probable : the prefeht population, falls .J ittle f lw r t :of
3 Garnetti’s Toniyi1S 93?» ' Statift. Account, vi. 564.. ■ jf
go,000. ' The ^arrivals :anid clearances at Leith Harbour, exceed the
number o f 1700 vpffels o f various defcupfions, fliips, brigs, and Hoops.
Of thcfe 165 belong-to. the town : the-commerce has: been Hated at half
a. million annually.
The houfes in the old tow n /p f Edinburgh, arc fomctimes of remark-
able.'.height,-not lefsj than thirteen o r': fourteen floors, a Angularity
aferibcd- to the wifli of the ancient Inhabitants, of being, Under the pro-
tedfion of the .cable. This part of the city Hands on the rkjgs.ef a hill,
gradually d e fen d in g from the 1 (Tty-precipice on which- the caftle is
fituated, .to a bottom, in- w hich ftahds. the palace hfj.HolyroQd-ho.ufe:
Adjacent to this edifice,,, is a p a rk 'o f Confifterable. exte’ijft, replete w ith
mounlainousi Icenery, for the bafaltic' heights o f Artliu-r’s . feat, and Sa-
lilbufy cragSj are within its.precinfits. The new town of/Edinburgh
ifd^%^dlyicsl©brdt$;d r^Begulaau^a:h|l,’Mfegahee^fcWrhp^fesi being-aI4
©f ^ee-ft0ne,jand fotxreof 'them m^rramente&with- pHlaijs; ahdfpilafters.,
Btich^is,T;^(%©d;r,^nmJ|4t^teiowir in"SfQtJimdIyfkn^r-i^.apt fotimpreft
the Soq^fh, t r k v e |^ - w ith -th© ideasf spf j fhglftnefs|; ayd^ fwanfr^of dm?a->
tion. There are. feveral. public edifices in E'diiibtegh, which would do
h onourfo any rapital ; among fuch may be named the. calile., the palace,
the -'principal, church, Heriot’s, hofpital, the regifter-office., the new
Gollpge; aSd:; feveral buildings m the new. c ity 5. . There is an- elegant
bridge,, reaching from; the hill on which - the ancient city ftands, to the
elevated file o f the new. town. Another bi idge paffes ini a line with
the former, towards!lif: fouth, b y cn a llreet called the Gowgate : and an
artificial mound-extends from the-;weftern part of the. ridge, to the op-
pofite hill. The; environs of -Edinburgh!rare finguiarly pleating and
pifturefque. On the north is' an elevated:path, loading to the harbour
b f L e ith : on the eaft are Mufslebilrgh and Dalkeith, rural villages, watered
by a'beautiful:ftreank:: -"On the fouth, Pentland-hills;- arid towards
fhe weft,, the-.rivulet Leith, with banks ofromantic variety?, • 1
The fecond city in Scotland is Qlafgpw, of ancient note, and eecle-
fiaftic ”fto,ry, h tit.b f final!raqgoUnt in the annal^-.of commerce, tilLthe time
e f Crbifiwelil’stpfurpation l^iQ i,plhpulation ofiGlafgo'w, in, 1755, ^ a s
computed at 23,546, including|'the fuhurbs': the number, in x701, was
5 Arndt’ s Edinburgh. Kincaid’ s D o . 6 Denholmc’ s Glafgow.
Cities and.
Town £.
Glafgow..