M ountaikib. Ben- Nevis* Cairngorm, and other lofty fummlts, mark .this primitive
chain/ 11 Thef(Btaimpiaps/ Which* form- sthp iQirter {kirfc o f ^ h a i n l - j e o p ^
atiGermafa mto e ra lo g i^ jy ■ -of miii^Q6bUs :t|^|eflpnf;;r
g n e ifs ^ o rp h y ry i-fe& jia n d g ra n ite ,
another‘ German fays,- that: the fundamental rock of-the ccpm^ry^coa'fifts
o f granitic aggregates. The mountains in the S. W. are chieft y fc h ijf|q fp,-
apdi andiicft an .ifiifigrior. k in d j b u t Mr. Williams
infdrmsus'; that 'Ben/N&vis,-and other miountains1 in ..that ‘quarterpiare
CipmpQfed o f'e leg a n t, r e d ; granite^ in-uvbichfi.the pale rafe, tho-hlsiffi,
and the/yellowi£h colours,, are finely mixed and^fhaded j . Thelllijce
granite.‘is found at Portfoy and T.rouphead, and is.probably continued
through jthe'cwhole chain, the fuperior height o f thes**Eegion being
marked by the extreme rapidity of. the, -riyenSpey. Th is te n d 'k y fy lf
the deading chain,, is n o t . only ,marked;qut', by. the'.Grampians,. ibutyiby
that :of the iflands, and o f the grand chain >in N o rw ay / whic hf-indeed,
fe@msva;3dpii^uation oftithe ffcotiflucham, and
tainsiiiyen as -well as the, Scandinavian:' T h e linounta in^nn. rW M -.y
o f the lakes-Nefs and Linny,-,are -probably onl^extMoE^fei'rts^ofethe
fame-chain, and prefent theiufuaLdeclepfiqpiofiinaiGa^ds fchi-ftusyter-
minating in limeftone,, and..la&dftqne, in,.;the. n ^ th e rn t- p a ^ s / pf
Sutherland a:ndi Gaifhoefe. t t .T h e , iflandsvof, Shetlandt.ch ie fl^® flen t
micaceous .fchiftus, interfperfed with a fejvtoaffes oficgranitet/ipriHfthe
Orkneys/&c. confift moftly o f fa’ndfftbne^ The.weftoruiflands(may be
fuppofed to be chiefly calcareous..? I t i&jsmarkable that & e %acejfeom
Invernefs ,to Dunolla, on the weft, abounds withifarclli^e^puddingT
ft&ne) compofed o f pebbles of quartz, probably walheddownfroritsthe
granitic; chain# and afterwards cementedSby -font gmpfcnfryq-. j j j y yflfr./jf
nature, either by iron pr filiceous earth.
General Roy mentions two remarkable features ofjjtbe-dSigMand s,
iirftfhe m o o rp f Rannoch, a high defert o fjw p n ^ y ^U e s^ u a jG ^ o n 'jh e
S. El of Ben Nevis,'a flat uninhabited .piorafe. The fecond is pa-rpofthe
IN. W . coaft, extending from Loch Inchard, twenty-four milesGff[,the
fouth,-breadth about ten miles, which prefenfs a moft,fingular/(appear-
ance, as if mountains had been broken into fragments, interfperfed with
/ , Kirwan’s Geol. E% s , 481., ' ‘ « Mineral'King. II,
polshiof water; V T V -M rth eE h ie'xtremities of' Caithnefsfare low and
morafly,t?anddegm calcareous, as welkas tficffe df Siitherland’.
■f li^lfeiforefts?of aSaQt'knd. -are: v e ry 'ra re 'in the proper,acceptation of
the' term Wandjithe g^lya" fialedonia has long fmde^yaftiftLcd. The' whole
eoifatyedfjSelkirk'wasfoMeijliy dehomifiated’Ettrie f< a f^ v ;'’]i,herd'was
al&a/cbnfi denabte fordftjthatAfMai?, m thetwefbof Aberdeenlhire, where
now remains the foreft of Ahernethy •*, extending to Cairngorm. In the
feo'ufityipTShfhl.nfan.dllwas fcbefotdftj/q^ktadale^on. t.he.ri'ofth o fD y n ro -
t&n^he^feat bfi*ieS earls'offiSutheHand ; .and,-in:the morthsoPthjS fame
ebunty, a®elmarked<PariM®reft/between Afflir and Duunnfprobably ori-
g’ih^J^Wfi'aff fdweftjlbyfth Jf&aeVeflfie*ls f e cape) }fto't<he fo u th o f which
were Reay- foreft/ or that of D irrymone ; with thofe of Dirrymofepand
©iriyiheria^in Ifftfei north ahd fouth': ©f.’LdchhShim- i No, other foreft
occurs tlH'Nsve re-ach'-tbes 'county dfswtrgyleV Whiebf obtains* Boachiltive
fofdl^'h^tHethbrfhr- «Mehtion' is «teMdAyfate-S fravellers' of a royal
for’elMfaf'Tibe'h' Ketterin,;:caH-ed' Ein%las‘'-/.'but- fo r this there feems no
autbioisky.1 VTbe'foEefhoff Athol, »ih - lh ^ fampreoubty,-.* do.es, n o t appear
liable* tb,ttKe’.lhmevb|ge£bi on.
‘^•H-avlhglgiven-'a- general iaccnunf o f thd'had'^erious-plantsbf E n g lan d ,'
'wW illifc te se ^ ife& ;^ e ^ o tan y '' of'ScotIand«»fD poihtjQutiithb.'.particu- '
lafsf-in which rthe* two-flch-aiSf’dtftbr,»t-cigether with? ther-caufes- d f tBfe
differendsi
Th*e?,iid,rth'ern part of'Britain differs fronf the foulherri -as 'to climate,
irf ;beihg ’cokfen and Mrire rairty y^and as f'^fo!il/ihrabnldftihg?!cbibiy o f
mbuht^nous/grarikicy o r micaceous diftrias, fhcjhi^helfsphaks %fwhich-
are buried rh perpetud^fflhw. , ^I^Scbtl-a'iad /
h6r any oftha^foiL-whieff '-dtefaa-enll^ thc^ fdh-th^eaftefn'. partxo'f-the
ifland, and is compofed/ for/thd » o f t party,;pf land andj^afoa^eo^jinarL
We might,! therefore, a \priori# \eipe’a to- meet-.with m^te- alpine plants
^ th an 1 of rifofedwhich flourifh beft in|affight, chalky forl^and«
in a mild elimatb ; this ris; found :i'Qi be .in'-. faft 'bh-ei' cafe/; I T h e ,greater
numb^r','df|;vegefable'*fpecies- is the-, fame in-hethi^quntries,; but ,the-
warnS/ moift'-regiob-of Cornwall, DeyctnOiire, and Btkfefc j; the-tang©, o f
chalk^hills/bn each, fide-bfi the yalley o f -the-Thames!/-ther dry,. Tandy
’ H-tsv; 9^
-Forests.
Hotany,.