114 E 'N G L A N D.
Mountains, Cornwal, extend this chain .to',the Land’s End : and -after paffing this
I aft rocky province) it expires in the Mands o f Scilly *.
Wales is a country .abundant in mountains, efpecially the .northern
r provinces ; but their orqlogy remains indeterminate, and it would re quire
the adtual furvey of an experienced1 engineer, to reduce them to
ISnowdoh. v 'chains or groupes.. To begin with' the North, Snowdoncommands the
. hrft attention", a mountain o f eminent height and fame. The top is
called Y Widdfa, or the confpicuous, forming al.inoft a point, and pre-
l fen ting a view.of the county o f Cheftèr, the mountains of Yorklhire,
•part of Scotland and Ireland, and. the Mes of M an and Anglefey<0. ^
-Mr. Pennant does not fpecify the ftone that compofes it (probably, a
■ granite) ; but he obferves that “ large eoarfe- cryftals^ uréî/eften
' in thé fiflùf^ÿânft'^e^-'frequently'gcùbic py ijlt æ,L. th'^ufual iattend-
“ ants^on Alpine»tra£ts.”-' 'Tr'om ^nOyrootf, a liue^q^ *mouritains il extends1
by th e fea to Plenlimtnon,' a-, boundary o f liJorth Wales, whence
Mue thé iraBIe/rive‘rs Sfevern and Wye. lfOftrthefefhhls|>,îô®|oû^Séthj
Caer Idris, and Moyle Vadiau, are the moft mem or able. 1 fyTh e " h i ifet.qo.
the' Eaft ’oTNorth Wales,- are fair from attaining -fuch' e^rifidetabteMec
- Nation, and gradually decline to-the hills of <.Shr^plhirie*,j.©I)>wJiiich.tifiè
W rekin is one of-the moft noted ■ "
- * Among the fmaîler elevations may be named the 'Chiltern-hills, ' fwKeaacè- the vague office
of Stéwardröf the Chiltem Hundreds) reaching from Tring in Hertfoi dfhire, to Henley, in O x -
fordöiire. I In the latter county are Nettlehèd’ andl:S.hdfdY:|i|Mj^gjI
f Mr. Aikin, in his T our in Wales, has cönfiderably i&i|lrated this fubjcdt. H e o f j^ é s
(p. 19.) that the Ferwyn mountains occupy the . M e r i o n e t h i t ® Denbigh
and Montgomery. ; length vaboiTt lixteen miles, b r e a d t h t o t#rîô. Çadei/Jdns is the
k h e ig h t o f the Welch tnountain.s ■ (about $pMQ: feet) and from it extends;a primitive
chain, running N. N. E . in the Arrans and Arranigs, rcoufifling qf porphyry and.granitell. The"
fécond grand ridgej that of' Snowdon,-alfo runs N N. E . and con(]fb o f 1
micaceous fchiftus, granite, andCp.orphyry, withJomc large sblefekss df féjp'entine^ rthis^-C^^^*e^-
tends from Penmaenmawr, towards Traethmawr j and after forming cj®| peaks' at,, infervals,
it ends- in the northern horn o f Cardigan-bay, ihat is thé ^©^hernyp0m’©%tpj:y ©f Cacrnar-
May not the mountains o f Weftmorelanfl and,gnmheffand be conlidered asj-eféhg^fo11'8-oiggkbfe
two chains, that?, o f ^Siïowdón paffing from the promontory qn-the; weft o f the bay of L'ancafter,
by Helvehÿn,and ending-in Saddleback and Skiddaw while the other tpaffe'sjfEom ^ear-tke '
river Ken, h ySh ap Fell, & i f | '• ■
,* *° Pennants, Jburney tó' London* 'p J fy o . .
■ ’-'-Afbjialn
C H A P . I V . f f A T U R A L G E O G R A P H Y .
- A c h a in p r o c e e d s d u e f o u t h t o n e a r C a r d i f f ) " in S o u t h "W a les '.; s i t i s o f M
Far i n f e r i o r h e i g h t , a n d a fm a l f b r a n c h d iv e i 'g e s ? t o t h e yve
fe f Gwri- . 'M y n y d d ^ G a r r 'e g - i iB r i f l a y , a n f t 'G w m K e r r u n - h i l l s . O n
th e e a f t o f S o u t h W a l i s ^ a r e t h e hijt|f4 'f iH e f e f o r . i f f i i r e , t h e B l a c k M o u n tains
G u f o p - h i l l , H a r g e f t , v S t o c k l e y - h i l l , & c .
' I n t h e N o r t h e r n a n d . W e f t e r n m o u n t a i n s a n d h i l l s ,'1 c h a l k is u n k
n o w n , w h i l e % ;f b f * a - :a c h i e f m a t e r ia l o f t k o f e - d f t h e S o u t h a n d E a f t .
A n e m in e n t n a t u r a l i f t q b f e r v e s , t h a t a l in e d r a w n f r o m ' D o r e h .e f t e r , i n -
th e c o u n t y d f D o r f e t , . to . ^ W o V n ^ W N o r f o l k , w o u l d f o r m a b o u n d a r y
o f th e g r e a t c h a l k y f t r a t u m ' w h i c h in t e i- fe d is t h e k i n g d o m , n o n e b e in g
fo u n d i n a n y q u a n t i t y t o t h e n o r t h o i w e f t o f t h a t l i n e T h e . r io r th -
e m m o u n t a in s a r e m o f t l y c o m p b f e d - . ib f 'l im e - f t o n e , f r e e - f t o n e ',
f tK i^ it s ,*w ith ,,l i ia & e S 'S ) i^ le a d o r c ? ® f i£ ^ t j l « I ^ ^ ® e r b y | y E e , - t p E e ^ S v a { r ;
m a 'f f e ^ ^ lam eM :o n e ^ M L t e ^ fe :^ t I f ly i3,th e !
afler-ts'd? 'tq V b & t th i p r o d u c e .o f t f i r e , w h i l e o f f e C T s S a f f i g n - a n h q u c c ^ l i iV u v f j
ar id n u !w e B © u ^ f o 'S la ) ih d miiteraJ's^ M i d - e q q f i l M m k s p j s l i V r e -
f e r v e d j f q p a f u t u r e a t t i ( S d k u T l f e ^ f ^ . i f e i k o f ^ M d d a w ^ p j & ^ S ' w h i t e
ft^vefy/IlM^^frar^l&q^us l|Mfttfe»;5 ffu>K i h & W ’
m a iu n fa h is c o n t a in illu c o u V t c h i f tu « f 1 1; an.rtM tfr> - p t o h a j ilh '- th ' it? g . c l u i ' r q f ,
m a y a h 's if tr itn i l j i u f e l o f ;G t e v i o t :W ^ M e W a f t l ra c
M m i l^ f e i j i r c t l i t ' j t ; c q r i f t f t s ^ o f l i H ie^ o tn ie q^ • 1H d e f u l l ' d f H i d Is*
t o f f ^ ^ | i | ^ u ‘^ Q i t ; ' / w h i o I ^ i ^ ^ f c r i t a n ^ f t r i i^ a f t a ^ l^ Q lg ’ ^ t i f e e fe ffi ls^ 1
b la c k a n d b r o w n m a r b l e , t h i n S a t e n e a r In g !'e t.6 r i| :f o t t e n - f t o n e o f
Ands-ftich.'r isIt*hi^c|iajn'^q-i^4^l^^aHom'while
fu r th e r t o t h e l o u t h , th e g e a f t e r l y ^ e l e v a t i o n s a r e o f c h a l k ; a n d t h o f e o r i
th e w e f t , a s M e n d i p h i l l s , i n S o r i i e r f e t f l i i r e , . a r e . ■ w h o l l y g . e a k a .re o u s , '
T h e g r a n i t e b e g in s a t D a r tm o o r , in D e y o n f l i l r e , ' a n d c o n t in u e s th r o u g h ,
G o r n w a l ] , w h e r e i t o c c u r s o f y a r iq | [ !§ fc o lo u r s , t h e g r e y g r a n i t e , o r m o o r -
n o n e ; t h e r ed ., o r O r i e n t a l ; t h e w h i t e , t h e y e l l o w , a n d t h e b lu i f t i , o r .
' Pennant’ s Jouiney From .Cheftcr to I.ondon, p. a14. . G l i t ' i the Lakes, 265. 267.' '
' This toad-llione as by the-miners called cnl-itirl, hut the y WnifesSy apply tlie fame
* I err life rent fubftance ( ) 1 V h ' ^^1 a’:ci7Cum[tlnicc- which' has deceived'St.: Fond, ’
When he afferts that lead' ore is 'found in' the toaddlone,. wjiSli is never the cafe.'
+ Galled by Houfman ( p i49.) ' FineJIue flate abounds ih dale. Ib. '
r ,e ay®» (p- 229.) that near.the Cjimmitof Wham, there is a thin feam:o f eoal; and iiiiotBer is ,
WO: to pqrrefpoBd with it onragiitl gn the' oppofite
■' H8 pigeon