Rwers/ ' i by Coimbra j the* Soro which runs into th e T a jo ; and the Gadaon
“ Lakes. which forms the h a rb o u r o f Sltuval. Scarcely a lake e&tt'hjtdiraced .-in
; th e map o f P o rtu g a l; but fome fmall -pools have become remarkable
Efcijra. from circumftances, fuch as the Efcura iituafed on th e fum m it o f the
mountain o f E ftralla in th e province.- o f Beira, and whfen as'covered
w ith fnow during th e greater p a rt of;the year. This fmall lake is noted
y for a profound v o rtex , by th e Portuguefe writers, whp -ard-font}, d f
fiihde, and little verfed in th e philofoph-y or hiftory o f nature. 'A n o th e r
deep pool occurs near the village o f Sapellos, which is faid to'Ijave
h e® th e lh a ft o f a g o ld mine worked b y th e Romap,® ^T ^ ^ ;l,^ e o f
. Obidos, in th e Eftremadura, is fometimes open to th e fea* and at othqr
times clofed w ith 'fa n d :, it contains variety o f excellent fifh.
; Mountains, f mountains of- th is kingdom have .not been exadlly/.^i^cribgS.
Thofe- in th e N.. E. fcem an unconne&ed: el,ufter, as, a lready mentioned. <
b u t the Spanifh chain to th e N. o f Madrid, callecLyby fome the»moun-
Jutubcda'.-: Jain s nfddiiheda, tenters Portugal near the town ofCjuar^la, and pitrfues
Arrab®- its fo rm e r , eourfe to th e S, W. T h e chain o f Arrabeda, in EJtr^inaj
d u ra , .feems a b ranch o rrco n tin u ad o n p f this r ^.it;is ichipfly calcare®^,
an d affords beautiful marble. . T h e .chain of^Toledo, appears, as^not
. -unuiual with the moft extenfive ranges, to fubfide before it en^ ejsd jp ^
-tugal. In the^ptovincei o f AlentejOjds,h ow ev er a fmall cha^n^feyen
Jeaguea in length b y tw o and a h a lf in breadth, ranning^betwper^ th e
reityidf Ivora and tow n o f :Eftramas,;wljich may belong^
.in g 'to the .chain o fT o le d o . Eftrala, alreadytnentioned,,-.giyeSj^urcp
-.to the Mondege>,'and tw o -o th e r rivers,fand.)je]|:®gsi:fd^t^e'jfirft mentioned
chain. , M o n te J u n to , i e ancjg |g iSagijus, is in E ftrem ad u ra :
;its verdure-affords a rich pafturage, an d the b re e d ,o f hotfes was; for-
o ne rly -celebrated.
^Zoology. The, 7-oolpgy o f Portugal may be regarded as th e jam e .w ith th a t o f
S p a in .* . T h e horfes are however much inferior, but fhe^tmjles axs
h a rd y and ftrong. T h e oxen are fometimes equal in fize to thofe o f
Lincolnfhire ; b u t even cows are rare, as . the natural pafture . is injured
.b y the heat of the climate, and no attention is paid to artificial meadows.1
JThe fheep. are alfo n e g le& ed /a n d far from n um e ro u s; but .fwine
* .Murphy’ s State, . * „E ° r the Botany fee Spain. .6 abound,
^ abound, and "are* fed 4$3ffir e x e d ll^ fra c o r i^ ,% ^ f e t^ h lP o r tu g u e f e hams,*
dtf&re defesvedi^efteCTr^ed.
1' • ''T h ,eim ^ ra fc ? g y ' oTPi or ' -Va s* J)@eh ‘almpft fa|& muelrnegle&ed as.
H | feen i irunvenfe
K d ^ r is ^ h B b ig . perhaps,
the min5es*in the -lN«;\oftLulitShi^^eft^iT6^edbby^itcM^ii&i^h|lfs.Vij!ef,h<
$ K M g |j r f f e ||U u t throughfthe^ofili'Jocls, .Js fa m i\& kp 4 b h a l f i a
, ^ ll!|? ^ ^ c'e^ is^ uf,^y^'r ^s^®^5,P^,“^ et’'<^^F^^% ®.^bottpm it meafbres-
s y p a feet by* fubfotfraneaii' pdffage-ss p5fe’rde$thf^ijaft\intain
like a labyrinth, and theSwhbfe wfeks-afe on th e g% n d #
ancient ’mfob^afoalfc» foand> mil^efo province^, r- '''Ncfijfwere. thefe mines,
wholly' ndg?e£tted iffsthe ''midd'lel^gfsi;' f o r , t h e r e j i s d a n o f - k in g -
rfJDeniz, in favdur o f 1 th o fe w h p in th e ^ o ld mineVo'i?
Adiffii near th e mouth o f the T a jo J But as,- th e , oporatiefis,* w et o u t - :
t®deH -With •-^reatuagpence, ’‘.th e y ilk ife i abandpjiedplcflsa^ftci
cd-YeCy o f'th e Cape b ?% S% ® ?U i^ y e f])ro,iitab&;to
k n port-thb mefals fodia4 f® ^ . a ^ ^ ^ % | r o m Brairl, ^Smajl^veios.
pffgeldfhaVelbeenfpblferved in th'o mputitains j * l. i l l r * [' d J
itdi's.fiill feuAifih the fand-of^ome-ftrean^S;,, (irxfAQcknt ^m e s fo e Ta\d^
wafe1 celebrated for.this m e t a l , ' ^ n a n i a M ?
htporkod, not far fropr Braganza, folate.as the year
1628. T in was alfo found in various parts o f the northern provinces ;
and near Miranda there was formerly a royal manufactory o f p ew te r.'
T h e re are lead mines at Murfa, Lamego, and Cogo, and the gallena ore
is very produQiive o f filv e r; copper is found near Elvis'and in other
diftridts.1 T h e iron mines are negledted, from a deficiency o f fuel •
though coal be found in different parts o f the kingdom, and that o f
Buarcos fupply the royal foundery at Lifbon. This bed o f coal i s 1
about three feet fix inches broad, and enlarges according to the depth,
Em ery is found near the Douro ; and many beautiful marbles- abound ■
in this kingdom. T h e | mountains^ o f Goes, and others, produce fine
granite: and talc occurs, near Oporto'. Amianthus is difeovered in
fuch quantities, that it has been recommended to the artillery in the
form o f incombuftible paper. r T h e felfpar o f Eftralla, mingled with
;* Morphy’s State, 25. , ' 1 j , A J ■
563
Z oology, g
Mineralogy. ‘