*3<5 Im :© f L 'A - :N D.
strides. " In -g^fieral-'the Timfffiern' central fidget d f \m©uhteasns,
abounds 'with lead-iorei-0-' Tihe'1 Je’aAjmM&s'of- Aldffon, on ^hfe^kaftem
verge -opjCubtfaerland, employiabout .n o a im e n .
toNo metafijattorrwidely diffufed through the Hlqbeias iron j< 'andr^hg-
land not ^nija-CQntaips:-excellent mines, but 'd^ggls jail naU«^W,in&.the
vape^pfT^bricatidn^ "The moft remarkable mi lies b jfp o n , arn>|£j.pfe
ofnQ^lekrodk-dale, < Shijopfhi^dft ^ e an -fp re ft with
jCpnae, in (tb^nq'rth-.-of, EpglantJ,, particih^rlyj.n^r^JJlverfton,, in Lan-
caihir^j'#^
Anaong.the ndkdr metals, zinc, in thp form. i/^and
blend,, is.fouhd in Derbyftrire, Cornwall, j^'tQthejr, rcgioqs. ±,, .Njkjkel
an d ar&nic:fometitnes appearrin Cpm,wallij^&nd .Ep^nuy, w}iaWs|^ffle<l
menachanite. , But .onfcofitbleanoft important-$jE^this kind i s plombago,
S -or black lead, ^which ‘is.foundjiiH the ridge -of Borrodale,vJje^r^I^twick,
in Cumberlandu the m i h ^ |^ p l y Hopenfed^age£ftain intervals tq f June.
|j-Gold has been .dhcofered in v a rio u sq u e e rs^ p f, England, p&rriqulariy
near Silfoef .Bedfordshire; but .the metal ,ha§; neKer e
labour and expence17« . T h e real gold mines o f England? a |p them of
coal, fq u n d in tihc^entral, northern, and weftern parts, but particularly
in the horthern, around, Newcaftle. iT h is'? |u h fe a ,^ |s a mixture,o f gar-
-ifenw ith b itum eBi which d a d abqundst _in( .the- 3ImI isjthe
' caufe o f its .coalefcipg ;whensAi^ajgig.dv8;; - ^ i ^ m ^ i ^ u c ^ 'r a y ^ ^ p i a s
2#i|hed»lthe whole. opu,leneei of E n g i r d .£0 he&cpaLd4heing n u n
Jodi o f her 'manufactures,- and^cqnfequentyiQmjnhlfJ^! ;The.cpal3
q f ,Whitehaven an d Wigan ,-are mprel pqr.e',: . and^uie, c an c e l® id
jpe^eocte,coals o f Lancashire,. arevfo. beadtiliih'>t^t't^ieyf are fufpe&ed
■ by f©tne:,tO;‘hatfe conftituted - t h e gagates, ancifents
aferifeeddq Britain f \ A fingular Tp se je k ^ ^ -M aL is /o n p a m'Bpvey-
heath, Devonfhire^ refembling .wood impregnated with Lmuffindus
17 Gough’ s Camden, i. 330. ,'
*8 Kirv^an’ s .M in i'll. A p p. T h e Briftol coal, fo abundant at Kingfwood,- burns,» more rapidly"
than that ofNewcaftle. '
if
* True je t is laid to be found in Lincolnlhire; it abounds in the Couth o f France,^ mttlarotth
o f Spain, being palpably aocieBt timber.
lirPmatter.
• ...........1,1
m m m rWP?5& w &
!-CHAP, m N-AT-URAL- fcE O G R A P H Y . T37
matter. r'TuY^i!or4 peat is' .cpmtaGfl^c. even ip Hampshire, and other Minerals
fou t‘hiSrn?^tikdfe&m |
The mines' of rock fait, in Chefliire, muft not be omitted. They ap- /Salt Mines;
pear tq SaVeheen known -td the."Romans, as a place; called, Salma is .
here mentiotied:1? ^ th e ' geographer o f Ravenna. Leland has deferibed
them in' th e tim e o f H id f y 'Y I I I ; nor were they unknown even in! the
Saxon periods; Tbofe' bf Ifpithwich 'are the ' moft remarkable: a f
Namptwich ;aihd Middlewiehl are only . falt-fprings - and others occur
a t'1D ro it'^ re ^n rh ,iA^^^e'lffi%q'A^id-’^ e f to n , in~ StafF^Shue. The
immenfe mines .on|the fouth fide of Northwich'.were difeovered about
the f b e g in n iS o f this cpntury. The quarries, - with their pillars and
cryftal roof,' extending!over many acres, ;prefent a beautiful fpedlaclc ;
thAld'ra’ttfm of fak,: liest.under a IkfAof^tAhki’lKAl^y^''®17 'the-' depth d f
abdiA fdety yards.1 prsitbe fir ft,-ftrajum g ia,.,ahpu|fttyenfy, yiirrij thick,, fo
fo lia 's ^b^bIa fto<f«ithM^^Qy^%AM^ti^a;elfeJ»blp^by;i^nVfdgarr
eandy. N£xfist,a bJ|ltp0Ufei5d|#Qnfcr tinder yybich rsraifAqqd ftrattErp
■ ,of f^ ^ ja b p u t.A x jpr^sv itMafe^ f q j j i ^ . ^ r ^ ? ! , q t ^ e s a c a s ^ o l e a r .a's
c r y ^ l ^ ’l'The' WittSin’pic islekeularj i qS;tryardsr.ipf,dj,ajhetpr^, tfie ^oof
fupg^Abtt^'b^r t4ye“fety-%fe pilla^^e^chj d©i|taining 12|^»|dDlid ijyards, of
Fockblilt^Ckhe1 ^ h o k Vifo^liingjlnear • tw o ; acres^of land^ 3^be,.ar(nual
prdi&u^f©ffrocksfalgfatrNorthtvjSh, has-been- eflimated at fijggjpb} t®ps %,
.of which about two thirds ufed. to, be exported, to . -Flanders: ■aja^ka;
Baltic
'■‘MAilM'ds, and^firere-ftorte’, or 'calcArfeous fand-ffone,- o f various * aplonfs?
and texturesj alfo occur ; the mod 'celebrated o f the latter are thofe - of
Portland, Purbeck, &c. pine alab'after .appears in Derbyfhire; fullersj-
e&rthv in Berkfhire, and fomefothelr dodhties.
Nor-is England lefs produftive o f mineral waters, ’ o f various- profe
perries and’ deferiptions; : Thofe- o f Bath have been celebrated finCe the
Roman- times. N e x f to that ^place .of fafhio'nable refort, may be men- -
tioned the het-wells o f Briftol, thofe of Tunbrid-ge in - K ent, and of
Buxton and' Scarbofo'ugh in the North. Thofe-: of Cheltenham in
Glbu-cefterihire, have, been efteemed beneficial in-fcoshutic .cafes;; .but I
11 "Pennant’ s .Journ^r from GheffieiVto London, p.. 26, (H e eltimat.es the duty atjo^oob/.5).;
Gough’s-Gamden, ii. 436;. A ik in ’ Manchefter, 427.
s U, t TS tef>
Mineral W a l ters.
-