51. PTYCHOMITRIUM, Bruch <fe Schimp. (Pl. 2.)
Plants of various size, fasciculate-suhoespitose, branching by
simple innovations from the base. Leaves long, often curling ;
cells of the areolation minute, round or quadrate, opaque in the
upper part, linear-elliptical or hexagonal-rectangular at base.
Calyptra covering the capsule to the middle, plicate, naked or
squamulose, sublohate on the borders. Capsule symmetrical,
erect, on a long straight pedicel. Lid acicular. Teeth narrowly
linear-lanceolate, long, divided to near the base into two
subulate free or partly agglutinate rarely entire segments.
Annulus large, compound.
SuBGENUs I. PTYCHOMITRIUM, proper.
Plants large, in soft tirfts. Leaves narrowly lanceolate,
acuminate, dentate at the apex. Capsule single or many from
the same perichætium. Teeth equally filiform-bifid. Flowers
monoecious.
1. P. G a rd n e r!, Lesq. Tufts dark green: leaves close,
oblong, with borders slightly reflexed, lanceolate, acuminate,
sharply denticulate above: calyptra smooth: capsule oval
oblong ; lid long, needle-form, persistent ; teeth thick, generally
cleft nearly to the base into three blood-red segments ; annulus
compound. — Mem. Calif. Acad. i. 16.
Ha b . On rocks; Dardanelles Canon, California (Bolander).
The species differs from the European P . polyphyllum in its larger size
and green color, the leaves shorter, broader, and more acutely dentate,
the basilar areolation longer, the upper quadrate and more compact, the
shorter pedicel, the pale brown capsule longer and with a larger lid, the
teeth broader aud trifld, the annulus narrower, etc. The male flowers are
rarely axillaiy, but generally placed two or more at the base of the vaginule
within the perichætium.
SUBGBNTTS II. NOTARISIA.
Plants very small, loosely tufted. Leaves shorter, muticous,
entire. Capsule solitary, shorter-pedicellate. Teeth narrower,
linear-lanceolate and entire, or broader and divided above into
two or three unequal segments, spreading when dry.
2. P. in cu rv um , Sulliv. Plants dark green or yellowish
brown when old: leaves erect, slightly incurved when moist,
twisted-crispate when dry, the lower very small, gradually
larger toward the top of the stems, linear-lanceolate, more or
less obtuse, thick, opaque, plane on the borders ; costa broad,
vanishing with or below the apex ; perichætial leaves similar :
male buds axillary or cladogenous : calyptra mitriform, covering
the capsule to below the middle, split and plicate to the
base of its long beak: capsule oval, erect; teeth 16, long-
suhulate, distantly articulate, entire, papillose. — Mosses of U.
States, 35, and loon. Muso. 63, t. 39. Weissia incurva,
Schwaegr. Suppl. ii. 51,1.116. P. pusillum, Bruch & Schimp.
Lond. Journ. Bot. (1843) ii. 665, not Biyol. Eur. ; Sulliv. Muso.
Allesrh. n. 135. Grimmia Ilookeri, Drumm. Muse. Amer.
n. 61.
Hab. On exposed rocks, especially sandstone; Eastern New York,
and southward to Georgia; very common In Southern Ohio; Canada, near
Niagara Falls (Drummond).
3. P. Dmmmondii, SuUiv. Larger than the last and
more loosely tufted, the leaves more open, spreading and reflexed
when moistened, lanceolate, more distinctly acute and
denticulate-serrate on the borders : peristome attached far below
the orifice of the capsule, the teeth shorter, joined in pairs,
closely articulate, split at the apex into two or three irregular
sliort segments ; annulus wanting, and spores larger. — Mosses
of U. States, 36, and Icon. Muse. 65, t. 40. Grimmia Drum-
mondii. Hook. & Wils. ; Wils. in Hook. Journ. Bot. (1841) iii.
90, t. 3, and iv. 422, t. 25, B.
Hab. On trees, from Southern Virginia and Tennessee southward.
4. P. pygm æ um, Lesq. & James. Plants very small,
olive-green : leaves close, spreading when moist, twisted when
dry, linear from the more enlarged ovate base, muticous, dark
green, smooth ; costa vanishing far below the apex : male
flowers axillary in buds at the base of the perichætium : calyptra
large, covering the capsule to its base : capsule on a short
reddish pedicel, oval, with a collum one-third as long as the
sporangium ; teeth nearly equal, linear-subulate, papillose, reddish,
joined in pairs at base, some connate their whole length ;
articulations indistinct. — Proc. Am. Acad. xiv. 136.
Hab. On stones (?) near the Neosho River, Kansas, aud at Bolivar,
Missouri (E. Hall).