§ 3. Squareosa. Plants stout: branch-leaves squarrose from
the middle: ducts medial, oval, inflated and free on both
sides, or covered by the borders o f the utricles on the upper
surface o f the leaves : cortical cells not porose.
8. S. sq u a rro sum , Pers. Monoecious, loosely and broadly
cespitose, bluish-green: stems solid, rigid, simple or forking,
with small cortical cells in two layers; branches in fascicles
of 3 to G: stem-leaves soft, spreading or reflexed, linguiform,
rounded and fimbriate at the apex, the utricles without fibres or
])ores; branch-leaves oblong-lanceolate, 4-tootlied at the apex,
broadly margined by 2 or 3 rows of narrow cells, the utricles
fibrillose and with some large pores on the borders; perichietial
leaves very broad, suhrevolute, thin, rounded at the apex:
capsules numerous at and near the capitate apex, large, globose:
spores yellow. — Schimp. Torfm. t. 17; Braithw. Sjfliag. 59,
t. 14; Lindb. Sphag. 42.
Var. sq u a rro su lum , Schimp. Plants pale, with slender
stems : leaves scarcely half as large as in the normal form: fruit
unknown. — Torfm. 71. 8. squarrosidum, Lesq. Mem. Calif.
Acad. i. 3.
IlAB. Boggy places in woods; not rare. The variety in open mountain
bogs; on Lassen’s Peak, California, at about 5,000 feet altitude,
forming by itself large bogs (W. II. Brewer).
9. S. te re s, Angstroem. Dicecious, loosely cespitose, yellowish
brown ; male plants in separate tufts, more slender than the
female, with subglobose heads composed mostly of short flower-
bearing branches: stems solid, with 2 to 4 cortical layers of unequal
cells: stem-leaves large, oblong-ovate, rounded at the
erose apex, the utricles empty; branch-leaves closely imbricate,
ovate, abruptly short-acuminate, recurved at the obscurely dentate
ape.x, the utricles fibrillose and porose; perichastial leaves
large, concave or subrevolute, erose at the rounded apex: cap-
scde terminal, globose. — Sulliv. Icon. Muse. Suppl. 13, t. 4;
Schimp. Syn. 2 ed., 836. 8. squarrosum, var. teres, Schimp.
Torfm. 64; Braithw. Sphag. 62, t. 15.
H ab. Marshes in Southern New Jersey {Austin); rare.
10. S. W u lfla u um , Girgens. Moncecious, large, rigid,
brownish-green, the apex variegated green and red : stems dark-
brotvn ; cortical cells small, in 2 layers; branches 7 to 14, half
of them suharcuate or horizontal, tumescent, the rest slender.
filiform, and pendent: stem-leaves small, reflexed, enlarged at
the base, Ungulate, obtuse, nearly entire, the utricles empty;
branch-leaves small, ovate-lanceolate, dentate at the truncate
apex, the upper lanceolate-subulate and narrowly margined, the
utricles fibrillose and porose: periohcetial leaves broadly oblong,
obtusely pointed, with empty utricles: male aments short, capitate,
on purple branchlets: capsules emerging from the tuft,
globose. — Sulliv. Icon. Muse. Suppl. 18, t. 9; Braithw. Sphag.
75, t. 22; Lindb. Sphag. 57. 8. pycnocladum, Angstr.
Hab. Canada {Macoun, Fowler); New York {Howe, Peck, Austin).
§ 4. M o l l ia . Plants short, closely cespitose, very soft when
moistened, brittle when dry: stem-leaves narrowly margined;
branch-leaves short: ducts near the concave surface
(except in n. 14), subcuneate loith the broader side free,
or entirely surrounded by the utricles.
11. S. rig id lim , Schimp. Moncecious, densely cespitose,
rigid, glaucous-green above, whitish below, the small cortical
cells in a double or triple layer; branches in close fascicles of 3
or 4, short, partly deflexed : stem-leaves erect, small, enlarged
at the very base, obtuse-ovate or obtusely triangular; branch-
leaves ovate-oblong, dentate at the apex, often contracted in the
middle and cucullate above, the utricles fibrillose and with
numerous unequal pores; the perichaBtial ovate or oblong-
lanceolate, subfalcate, deeply emarginate or hidentato at the
apex, the utricles fibrillose and porose: capsule immersed or
short-pedicelled. — Torfm. t. 18; Braithw. Sphag. 56, t. 13.
8. compactum, var. rigidum, Nees & Ilornsch. 8. strictum,
Sulliv. Muse. Allegh. n. 201. 8. humile, Schimp.; Sulliv. Icon.
Muse. 5, t. 3.
Var; sq u a rro sum , Russ. Pale green; branches spreading
horizontally; leaves loose and squarrose.
Hab. In bogs, especially southward, from the pine-barrens of New
Jersey to Florida; Yosemite Valley, in the spray of the Vernal Falls,
and In rivulets at the foot of Mt. Dana {Bolander). The variety near
Bethlehem, Pennsylvania {Bau).
12. S. Muelleri, Schimp. Delicate, pale-green: stems
slender, the unequal cortical cells in throe layers; branches in
fascicles of 3 or 4, partly arcuate, partly flagelliform and pendent
: stem-leaves large, oblong or obovate, slightly dentate at
the apex, fibrillose and porose like the branch-leaves, which are
li