4 5 . CINCLIDOTUS, Beauv.
Aquatic, floating in long and wide greenish black tufts attached
by basilar radicles, fasciculate, rarely dichotomous.
Leaves open, thickish, composed of parenchymatous cells, very
minute and chlorophyllose toward the apex ; costa stout, papillose
on the back. Flowers dioecious, the female terminal on
primary branches ; the male either terminal or agglomerate on
short secondary branches, becoming lateral or terminal by age.
Calyptra conical, cucullate, solid. Capsule immersed or emerging,
thick. Teeth of the peristome cut into multiple filiform
divisions, coherent below, free above, papillose, reddish.
Annulus none. Spores large, verruculose.
1. 0 . fontinaloid.es, Beauv. Leaves long, lanceolate,
somewhat flexuous, curved when dry, mucronate by the ex-
current costa : fruit generally abundant, nearly immersed in the
perichætial leaves : capsule ovate-oblong, soft, sulcate when
dr}' ; teeth large, purple, cleft from below the middle into two
or three filiform simple laoiniæ connected toward the base by
cross-bars or trabeculate. — Prodr. 52 ; Bryol. Eur. t. 277.
Trichostomum fontinaloides, Hedw. Muso. Frond, iii. 36, t. 14.
Hab. On stones in the bed of a creek, Ontario, Canada (Macoun),
sterile specimens.
4 6 . GRIMMIA, Ehrh. (PI. 2.)
Plants more or less compactly tufted or pulvinate, rooting at
the base only. Leaves close, open, rarely secund, lanceolate,
often piliferous at the apex ; borders generally entire, rarely
erose-denticulate at the apex ; surface more or less papillose.
Peristome (rarely absent) simple, of 16 teeth, transversely articulate,
lanceolate, entire or more generally variously split,
papillose, purple, hygrosoopical. Annulus generally present.
S ttbgenus I. SCHISTIDIUM. (PI. 2.)
Areolation minutely quadrate or punctiform in the upper
part of the leaves, the surface nearly smooth or with minute
sparse papillæ. Flowers monoecious. Calyptra small, lobate,
covering the lid only. Capsule immersed or on a short straight
pedicel. Lid broadly convex, cuspidate, falling off with the
columella. Teeth lanceolate, cribrose, rarely rudimentary.
1. G. c o n f e r ta , Funck. Leaves oblong or ovate-lanceolate,
acuminate, opaque, with a short denticulate hair-point ; borders
slightly inflated above on the right side, reflexed toward the
base : capsule ovate-globose ; lid broadly convex at base with a
short apiculate beak; teeth lanceolate, split and cribrose;
annulus n o n e . — Moos-Tasch. 18, t. 12; Schimp. Syn. 199.
Schistidium confertum, Bruch & Schimp. Bryol. Eur. t. 232 ;
Sulliv. Mosses of U. States, 86. Grimmia apocarpa, var. com
ferta, Muell. Syn. i. 777.
Var. o b tu s ifo lia , Schimp. Leaves shorter and broader,
obtuse, bright green. — Syn. 200.
Var. c om p a c ta . Stems short, compact; tufts slender,
mostly simple, compressed.
IIAB On rocks, wet or dry, plains and mountains; var. obtusifolia,
in sliadod places, common; var. compacta. Lake Superior (Macoun). ^
Differs from G. apocarpa, especially in the leaves erect and blackish
when dry, with borders less recurved, the costa stouter, dilated, prominent
on the back, and more channelled above, the capsule smaller,
paler, of thinner texture and almost pellucid, the beak of the lid blunt
and slightly shorter, and the teeth more cribrose and somewhat lacerate,
orange-colored, fragile and fugacious.
G. S U B IX C U B V A , Aust. (Coult. Bot. Gaz. iii. 31), described from sterile
specimens, is said to differ from G. conferta in the leaves muticous, not
hyaline-apiculate, the margins less recurved and the cells of the areolation
much smaller. In G. conferta, var. obtusifolia, the leaves are
obtuse and not hyaline-pointed, and in all the forms of that species
the margins are not reflexed or only slightly so. The author compares
the species also to Zygodon Mougeotii, with which it was found, and
finally remarks that the species is chiefly characterized by the muticous
subincurved apex of the leaves, and that in the upper part of the leaves
the cells are often broader than long and slightly obscure.
2. G. am b ig u a , Sulliv. Closely resembles G. conferta,
from which it differs in the iarger perichætiai ieaves proionged
upward into a iong scabrous hyaiine hair-point, the ovai-ohlong
oapsnie, the scarceiy perforated teeth, and the cucuiiiform
calyptra. — Icon. Muso. i. 66, t. 41. Schistidium amhiguum,
Sulliv. Mem. Am. Acad. n. s. iv. 170, and Mosses of U. States,
30
Hab. Dry rocks; Santa Fé, New Mexico (Fendler); near Easton,
Pennsylvania [Jamesj E. Baur).