or subciliate; capsule dark purple, shining. — Linnma, xii. 552;
Muell. Syn. i. 31; Bryol. Eur. 1.1. Phascum serratum, Schreb.
Phase. 9, t. 2; Sulliv. Mosses of TJ. States, 14.
Var. a n g u s tifo lium , Schimp. Leaves narrower, linear-
lanceolate, obtusely and distantly serrate: capsule smaller,
longer pedicellate, globose-ovate to conical, more distinctly
apiculate : spores smaller. — Ephemerum minutissimum, Lindb.
Manip. Muse. ii. 411.
Hab. Broken fields, on the ground, in winter or early spring.
Closter, New Jersey (Austin); California (Bolander). The variety at
Cambridge, Massachusetts (James), and at the Carlton House, Saskatchewan
(Drummond).
*. * Leaves costate.
2. E. c ra s s in e rv ium , Hampe. Leaves long, lanceolate,
subulate, flexuous, erect, more or less coarsely and irregularly
serrate on the borders toward the apex and on the back of the
costa, which is flatter and often disappears at the base, but is
continuous to the apex : capsule short-pedicellate : spores large,
papillose. — Muell. Syn. i. 33; Sulliv. Icon. Muso. 17, t. 8.
Phascum crassinervium, Schwaeg. Suppl. i. 4, t. 2; Sulliv.
Mosses of II. States, 14.
Hab. Moist clay ground and open fields; common and very variable.
3. E. sp in u lo sum , Bruch & Schimp. Differs from the
last in the narrow very soft leaves having the costa (loosely
areolate and effaced near the base) excurrent into a long soft
hyaline spinulose arista, and in the loosely areolate membrane
of the capsule. — Schimp. Syn. 6, and Proc. Am. Acad. xiv.
139. Phascum crassinervium, var. (?), Sulliv. 1. c., 14.
Hae. Same as the preceding.
4. E. p ap illo sum , Aust. Closely allied to E. crassiner-
viwn, differing in the narrower leaves, with equally distant
serratures and papillose on both sides, and in the mitriform
calyptra, distinctly papillose. — Muse. Appal, n. 50 ; Sulliv.
Icon. Muse. Suppl. 19, t. 10.
Hab. On thin soil-, upon rocks; Palisades, New Jersey (Austin).
5. E. h y s trix , Lindb. Plants larger: leaves slightly exceeding
the capsule, open-erect or subsecund, rigid, canaliculate-
carinate, narrowly lanceolate-subulate, very acute, long-spinu-
lose upon both sides and on the margins; costa thick, not distinctly
defined, continuous, nearly filling the subulate point:
capsule sessile, large, globose, very shortly conic-rostellate,
calyptra minutely papillose: spores very large, minutely tuber-
caiate. — Manip. Muse. ii. 411. Phascum serratum, yay. atv-
gustifolium, Drumm. Muso. Bor.-Am. (Coll. II.) n. 2, m part.
Hab Louisiana, with E. spinulosum (Drummond).
This species, like the two preceding, is apparently only a marked
variety of the polymorphous and common E. crassinermum.
6 E cohserens, Muell. Prothallium thin, yellowish
green: leaves ovate or oblong-lanceolate, denticulate above ;
costa effaced at base, continuous upward to the apex : capsule
subglobose with a short obtuse point, purplish brown. — Syn.
i. 32; Bryol. Eur. t. 1. Phascum cohcerens, Hedw. Sp. Muse.
25, t.’l, figs. 1-6; Sulliv. Mosses of U. States, 15.
Hab. Clay banks along streams, common and variable.
7 E s te n o p h y llum , Schimp. Leaves erect, narrowly
lanceokte-subulate, serrate or nearly entire at the apex; costa
loosely areolate, scarcely distinct except toward the apex where
it passes into a short entire point; cells chloroplwllose.—
Syn (1 ed.), 5. Phascum stenophyllum, Voit. E. sessile,
MudL; Bryol. Eur. t. 2; Sulliv., 1. c„ 14 E pallidum
Schimp. Syn. (2 ed.), 5 ; recorded as sent by Sullivant m 184Z.
Hab. On clay soil, Ohio; Closter, New Jersey (Austin).
2. Plants with short stems: prothallium none.
3. PHYSCOMITRELLA, Schimp.
Stems radiculose at base. Leaves spreading or reflexed, narrowly
costate, dentate. Capsule thin, soft, globose. Calyptra
campanulate, fugacious, vesicular when young.
1. P. p a te n s , Schimp.* Plants subcespitose, pale green:
stem very short: leaves ovate-lanceolate, the upper obovate-
^ * Apha x ob egma sekbatum, Sulliv., differs from this species only in
the regular dehiscence of the capsule, which divides in the middle and is
therefore considered as operculate o r stegocarpous, though no decoloration
nor any kind of modification of texture is observable on the line of disruption.
But for this regular dehiscence Aphanoregma should be described
here merely as a variety of Physcomitrella patens. It is theie-
fore a remarkable connecting link between the Ephemereoe^ and he
Physcomitriem, which resemble each other also in the areolation of the
leaves It is from these considerations that Lindberg and some other