oUorophyllose, narrowly margined, acutely serrate; costa
nearly round, lamellate ; areolation very close, round-liexagonal.
Flowers dioecious, rarely monoecious, the male cup-shaped;
antheridia and paraphyses filiform. Calyptra hairy at the apex
only. Capsule oval or cylindrical, cernuous or arcuate. Lid
long subulate-rostrate. Peristome of 32 teeth, contiguous to
the thick columella. — Catharinea, Ehrh.
1. A. u n d u la tum , Beauv. Stems erect, simple or dichotomous
; lower leaves very small, squamiform, the upper and
comal long, narrowly lingulate, undulate on the bordei’s, hispid
on the under surface by transverse rows of small teeth, smooth
on the upper, yellowish margined ; costa narrow, round, with
2 to 5 lamellæ, spinulose on the under side toward the apex ;
fruits clustered (1 to 3): calyptra hispid at the apex, persistent:
capsule long-cylindrical, arcuate or erect, dark brown ; teeth
narrowly lingulate, minutely verruculose, marked with orange
lines in the middle. — Prodr. 42 ; Bryol. Eur. t. 410. Bryum
undulatum, Linn. Spec. PI. 1117. Polytrichum undulatum,
Hedw. Muse. Frond, i. 48, t. 16, 17. Catharinea Callibryon,
Èhrh. Beitr. i. 189.
IIab. In woods, on sandy ground : tops of old standing trunks, along
roads, etc. Less common than the following and very variable.
The species is dioecious, but sometimes the yoimg male plant produces
from the centre of the flower an innovation bearing female flowers, and
thus the male plant is transformed into a fertile one.
2. A. a n g u s ta tum , Bruch & Schimp. More slender
than the last, with the narrower leaves more densely areolate,
.and serrate at the apex only, the costa 5-6-lamellate :
flowers dioecious : capsule nearly erect or suharcuate, nari-owly
cylindrical, dark purple, shining ; lid shorter-rostrate ; teeth
shorter. — Bryol. Eur. t. 411. Polytrichum angustatum, Brid. ;
Hook. Muse. Exot. t. 50. Catharinea angustata, Brid. Muse.
Recent. Snppl. iv. 204.
Hab. Woods and sandy hills, in dryer places than the last; very common.
3. A. Selwyni, Aust. Differs from the preceding in the
broader subspatulate leaves generally obtuse, excavated at the
base, the lamellæ of the costa (4 to 6) broad, and the calyptra
very smooth. — Coult. Bot. Gaz. ii. 95.
H ab. Northwest coast of British America (Macoun).
4. A. x au th o p e lm a . Dioecious : widely and loosely cespitose,
blackish, slender ; stem-leaves crispate, twisted when dry,
spreading when moist, short and narrow, lanceolate, obtuse,
undulate on the borders, very narrowly margined upward to
near the apex, simply dentate with short rarely aculeate teeth ;
costa 4-6-1 améllate, sparingly dentate at the apex, more densely
on the hack ; cells of the areolation small, quadrate, round-
hexagonal toward the ajiex : calyptra very narrow, hispid at the
apex : capsule cylindrioal, narrow, slightly curved on a long
yellow pedicel ; lid obliquely rostrate from a highly convex
base ; teeth of the peristome long and narrow. — Catharinea
mnthopelma, Muell. Regensb. Flora, Ivi. 482 (1878).
H a b . Texas {.T. Boll).
Very closely allieil, like the last, to A. angustatum, of which it appears
to be a variety, differing only in the short simple teetli of the very narrow
margin, those on the back of the costa similar to those of the margin and
very few, and the pedicel yellow.
5. A. Lescurii, James. Plants loosely cespitose or gregarious,
nearly black : stems simple, 2 or 8 c.m. long, slender,
naked below, loosely foliate above : leaves incurved-crispate
when dry, erect-spreading when moistened, linear-lanceolate,
aouminate, concave, sharply serrate on the borders, enlarged,
half-clasping and cillate at base ; basilar cells subquadrate, the
upper nearly round, obscure ; costa percurrent ; lamellæ 4 to 8,
convex on the back, serrate : capsule erect, cylindrical-ovate,
short, enlarged at the orifice and turbinate when ejnpty; pedicel
short and thick. — Bull. Torr. Club, vi. 33.
I I a b . Alaska (Kellogg). fine species, quite distinct in the narrow
crisped leaves, with 0 or 8 long flexuous cilia on each border near the
sheathing base, and in the serrate lamellæ; lid and peristome not seen.
6. A. c risp um , James. Dioecious: plants densely gregarious,
arising from a subterranean rhizome, dark green ;
stems 3 or 4 c.m. long, erect, flexuous, simple, slender, radiculose
at the base only : leaves large, erect, open and spreading,
not sheathing, the upper closer, longer, lingulate-lanceolate,
undulate-crispate when dry, narrowly brown-margined, sharply
serrate on the borders, smooth on the back ; costa percurrent,
nearly round, with very few narrow lamellæ ; basilar areolation
loose, ohlong, the upper of small hexagonal chlorophyllose cells :
male flowers eup-shaped ; outer perigonial leaves three, large,
spatulate-lanceolate, the inner numerous, very small, abruptly