larger stem-leaves narrowed at base and emarginate at the apex,
the shorter imbricate and appressed (not secund) branch-leaves,
the utricles elongated and flexuous, with fewer small pores on
both sides of the walls, and the narrowly oval ducts free on
both faces. —■ Sulliv. Icon. Muse. Suppl. 17, t. 8; Braithw.
Sphag. 44, t. 7, 8 ; Lindb. Sphag. 25. S. contortum, var. laricinum,
Wils.
IlAE. Marshes and bogs; Sand Lake, N. T. (C. H. P eci;); Gloucester
County, Penn. {E. A. Bau).
17. S. Mendocinum, Sulliv. & Lesq. Elongated, floating,
loosely cespitose, tawny above, yellowish white below; stems
solid, the cortical cells in a simple or double layer; branches
long and flexuous, in fascicles of 2 or 3, mostly open, not pendent
: stem-leaves oblong-ovate, auricled at base, marginate,
fibrillose and porose in the upper p a rt; branch-leaves loosely
imbricate, lanceolate, acuminate, subulate-dentate at the apex,
the long flexuous utricles with close fibrils and numerous minute
pores in rows on both sides of the walls; ducts medial and
compressed, or narrowly triangular with the free base on the
convex surface : fruit unknown. — Sulliv. Icon. Muse. Suppl.
12, t. 3. S. auriculatum, Lesq. in Mem. Calif. Acad. i. 4;
Sulliv. & Lesq. Muso. Bor.-Am. Exsicc. (2 ed.) n. 23. 8. subsecundum,
var. longifolium, Lesq. 1. o.
H ab. Swamps near Mendocino City, California {Bolander, 1867);
bogs near King Kiver, California, at 8-9,000 feet altitude {Brewer).
The species is allied to S. cuspidatum (to which it is referred by
Braithwaite and Lindberg) in its habit and in the disposition of the
ducts, to 8. subsecundum in the structure of the leaves.
18. S. ten e llum , Ehrh. DioBcious, soft and delicate, rarely
cespitose, mostly floating, yellowish green or straw-color; stems
loose, slender, very long and flexuous, the cortical cells distant
in a double layer; branches short, solitary or 2 or 3 together,
spreading or one of them reflexed: stem-leaves spreading or
erect, large, oblong-ovate, obtuse, entire, densely fibrillose, with
a few pores in the upper part; branch-leaves loosely incumbent,
comparatively short, ovate-lanceolate, distinctly margined, erose
at the apex, strongly fibrillose, with many small pores on the
upper surface; perichsetial leaves loosely imbricate, oblong-
lanceolate or Ungulate, fibrillose in the upper p a rt: capsule
small, thin-walled, ochraceous: spores large, yellow: male
plants in separate tufts ; aments small, orange-color. — Braithw.
Sphag. 42, t. 6 ; Lindb. Sphag. 22. 8. molluscum, Bruch.;
Schimp. Torfm. 71, t. 21.
Hab. Peat bogs; rare. Southern New Jersey {Austin); Canada
(Fowler); Cascade Mountains, Oregon (Newberry).
§6. C ym b ifo em ia . Plants robust: stem-leaves large. Ungulate
or spatidute; branch-leaves very concave, densely imbricate:
cortical cells large, fibrillose and porose: ducts thick-
walled, somewhat triangular, medial or near the concave
surface o f the leaf.
19. S. cymbifolium, Ehrh. Dioecious, densely cespitose
when growing out of water, rarely floating, yellowish green or
purplish; stems solid, simple or 2-parted, the cortical cells in 3
or 4 layers; branches in fascicles of 3 to 5, two of them pendent,
the rest curved: stem-leaves generally reflexed, Ungulate,
rounded and erose at the apex, not margined, the utricles mostly
empty or thinly fibrillose toward the apex; branoh-leaves
broadly ovate, narrowed and cucullate toward the apex, scabrous
on the hack by the perforation of the utricles, which are
large and fibrillose, with few large pores, the ducts medial and
narrowly oval; perichffitial leaves small, ovate-lanceolate : capsule
large, globose, dark-brown, stomatose : spores ferruginous :
male plants slender, the aments rather thick, yellow. — Hannov.
Mag. 1780, 235 ; Schimp. Torfm. 69, t. 19 ; Braithw. Sphag.
88, t. 5. S.pahistre,JAim.; lAndih. Sphag. 16. 8. latifolium,
Hedw. 8. vulgare, Michx. El. ii. 285.
Hab. Bogs and mountain rivulets; common and variable.
20. S. p ap illo sum , Lindb. Much like the last and generally
confounded with it. Cortical cells quadrangular, in four
layers : stem-leaves rounded and minutely fringed at the apex;
branch-leaves round-ovate, the ducts densely and minutely
papillose where in contact with the utricles which enclose them;
perichietial leaves oblong, plicate, the utricles empty in the
lower part, porose and fibrillose above. — Act. Soc. So. Fenn.
X. 280, and Sphag. 14; Austin, Muse. Appal. Exsicc. Suppl.
n. 451 ; Braithw. Sphag. 35, t. 4.
H ab. New Jersey (Austin); Canada (Fowler); Pennsylvania {E. A.
Bau).
21. S. A u stin i, Sulliv. Pale green, resembling the last
two species in size and aspect, differing especially in the stem-
leaves distinctly fimbriate, with the utricles porose and fibrillose