import greater quantities than of anything else. The development of our
coal import and of the export of minerals is shown by Table 105.
From these figures for the import of coal and from the information regarding
the increasing utilization of water-power, it ought to be possible
to gain an idea of the country’s industrial advance during recent times.
(With regard to the attempt to substitute peat-mosses for coal, see p. 425.)
Among the imports within this group are further to be noticed Chili
salpetre, 7-55 mill, hr., stassfurtite, 5-77 mill, hr., raw phosphates, 3-87 mill,
hr., sulphur, 3-46 mill, hr., and common salt (which necessary of life is not
found anywhere in Sweden), 2-33 mill. hr. The total value of the imports included
in this group amounted to 134 million hronor in 1912, while that
of the exports amounted to 81 millions.
The export of iron-ore,, which has been considerably increased since the
railway between Gallivare and Narvik was opened, is shown in tons by
Table 106 and m 1912 reached the total value of 59-72 million hronor.
Other more important articles of export in this group amounted in value
the same year to: cement, 3-37 mill, hr.; super-phosphates, 3-18 mill, hr.;
block granite etc. 3-00 mill, hr.; and zinc ores, 2-65 mill. hr..
Of those wares that cannot be referred to any of the specified groups,
which are arranged in one final group in the trade statistics of Sweden,
the imports are also somewhat in excess of the exports (in 1912 respectively
9-65 and 3-11 mill. hr.).
I f the exported and imported wares are classified according, to the
different groups of production we get the following result for the year
1912 (Table 108).
Of the 25 groups into which the commodities handled by the import and
export trade of Sweden (apart from coin) are divided in Table 104 we
¡have now dealt with 16. The total value of the imports included in these
groups was 599 million hronor in 1912, while the exports did not reach
more than 137 million hronor.
B) Groups within which the exports are in excess. To these groups
belong chiefly the products of forestry, cattle-breeding, the stone industry,
and the metal industries.
T able 108. Imports and Exports according to Production Groups, 1912.
Im p o r t s E x p o r t s
k k r o n o r . % . k ro n o r % ;
Products of agriculture, dairying etc..................
> forestry and the timber industry ,
> the sewing, and textile industry .
> paper industry . . . ..................
Minerals and products thereof, other than metals
Metals and products thereof................................
Products of other industries................................
273 649 000
20 751 000
79 384 000
9 626 000
140 243 000
111458 000
149 756 000
34-87
2-64
10-11
1-23
17-87
14-20
19-08
130 648 000
192 701 000
9 522 000
136 671000
115 745000
158 778 000
16 561 000
.17-18
25-33!
1-25
17-97!
15-22
20-87
2-18|
Total 784867 000 lOOOO 760 626 000 100-00
Among the articles of export a predominating position is taken by
timber, which, in the statistical tables, is divided into two groups, unwrought
and wrought, and which has, in some years, exceeded In value
all the other Swedish exports together. The total value of the exports in
1912 amounted to 192 mill, hr., against 18 mill. hr. for imports. The
most important items show the following values: sawn planks, boards, etc.
of spruce and fir, 114-88 mill, hr.; planed boards of do., 20-03 mill, hr.;
hewn timber of the same sorts, 9-34 mill, kr.; timber, 3-91 mill, hr.; unplaned
casing, 7-99 mill, kr.; furniture, 6-04 mill, hr.; turnery articles, 5-08 mill, hr.;
doors,,4-30 mill, hr.; coopering materials, 2-75 mill. hr.
Living animals and animal foods were imported to a value of 29 mill,
kr. in 1912, but the exports amounted to nearly 100 mill. hr.. The import
articles are chiefly bacon (1-70 mill.) and salt herring (8-17 mill.). The
most important export articles are butter, 46-08 mill, hr.; cattle, 11-96 mill,
kr.; bacon, 11-46 mill hr.; fresh (cattle-)meat, 5-99 mill, hr.; and cream, 3-11
mill. kr. Fresh herring is an important export article in years when the
herring fishery has been productive (7-20 mill. hr. in 1912). Eggs are
imported to a value of 3-29 mill. hr. and exported to a value of 2-69 mill,
kr. I
With regard to the group machines etc., the imports have exceeded the
exports up to and including the year 1909. Since then, however, the positions
have been reversed, and in 1912 the imports amounted in value to
42-5 mill, kr., while the exports amounted to 57 mill. hr. Thus, in spite
of the great demand for imported machinery, the industry has
succeeded in creating a useful balance of exports, chiefly of power-engines
and machines for dairyworh and agricultural purposes. Among the exports,
for 1912, the following deserve special mention: separators, 13-37
milljgkr.; combustion and explosion motors, 8-34 mill, hr.; harvesting and
mowing machines, 3 mill, hr.; electric generators and motors, 2-31 mill, kr.,
and telephone apparatus, 5-16 mill. hr. The imports for the same year
included automobiles, 2-36 mill, kr.; sewing,machines, 1-07 mill, hr.; and
watches, 1-93 mill. hr.
The group manufactures o f mineral products shows imports to the
value of 7-39 mill. hr. in 1912, and exports to the value of 35-19 mill. hr.
Of the exports 8-76 mill. hr. represent paving stone and 15-69 mill. kr.
represent matches, which latter commodity is now referred to this group,
according to the official statistics. Glass and glass-ware were exported
to a value of 4-37 mill, hr., while the value of the imports was 2-81 mill,
kr. The export of earthenware amounted to 4 mill, kr., while the imports
showed a value of 2-23 mill. kr.
Or unwrought or partly wrought metals the imports amounted in
1912 to 38-58 mill. hr. in value, including pig- and scrap-iron, (9-03 mill,
kr.) against 47-88 mill. kr. in exports. The most important of the typical
exports of Sweden were, in 1912, pig-iron 16-77 mill, hr.; cold-rolled
and cold-drawn iron in bars etc. above 10 mm in diameter, 5-43 mill, hr.;