The Large Lathe for turning Cannon at Bo for s.
as Skultuna and Granefors and also products of aluminium. The total value
of the manufactures of the three works now amounts to 22'6 million kronor.
From the above, which only_ deals with the conditions in a few of the
larger establishments, it will be seen that the country can produce everything
at present used in respect of machinery and tools, etc., whatever it
is called or whatever its use, whether in war or peace, from large armoured
vessels and the heaviest guns down to the smallest machine tools and
implements for working metals, wood, textiles, etc., and for agriculture.
As a matter of fact, there are extremely few ^articles which are not produced
within the country. As examples of such, we may mention spinning
machines and power looms, etc. in the textile industry, large printing
machines, calendering and cotton-printing machines, material testing machines.
etc. -
The difficulties which the Swedish machine industry has to overcome
are in the first place those already named, the lack of coal and of cheap'
cast iron; the latter, however, will shortly he remedied by the new great
cake cast ironworks at Oxelosund. To these may he added the fact that, by
reason of the great area-of the country, the number of mechanical works,
particularly repairing works, has become greater than is required, whereby
competition has become keener, all the more so as most of the Swedish
works do not export their products to foreign countries. The fact that
the Swedish metal industry is thus divided over a large number of, in
many Cases, quite small works and factories, scattered over a wide area,
is, however, of considerable advantage from a social point of view.
As examples oijfjmanufactures in which Swedish works have shown
themselves capable o f competing w ith the best foreign works, we may
mention the following, although the list is by 110 means complete. Among
those- mentioned below, several are based on Swedish inventions, such as
de Laval’s separators, steam turbines, Diesel motors and petroleum motors,
Jonas Wenstrijm’s three-phase dynamo, the petroleum stove “Primus”,
Ljungstrom’s steam turbine, which may now be considered to be the best
steam engine in the world, as far as the consumption of steam is concerned,
L. M. Erieson’s telephones, ball bearings, harvesting machines, petroleum
cooking stoves, etc.
Steamships: Bergsund (Stockholm), Kockum (Malmo), Motala, Lindholmen,
Gothenburg mechanical works, Eriksberg and Torskog (Gothenburg), Oskarhamn
mechanical works, Karlstad mechanical works (steam launches, Karlstad and
Kristinehamn) and the Jonkoping mechanical works, far Locomotives: Trollhattan,
Motala, Atlas, Halsingborg mechanical works, Ljunggren works at Kristianstad,
Falun carriage f a c t o r y P o r t a b l e engines: Munktell (Eskilstuna), Kristinehamn
mechanical works, Vulcan (Norrkoping), Foie (Visby). — Cycles: Scania-Vabis,
Wiklund, Per From (Stockholm), Huskvarna. — Steam-engines: all the works
which construct steamships and, in addition, Bolinder, Atlas, Aktiebolaget de
Lavals angturbin, Aktiebolaget Mekanikus (Stockholm), Vulcan (Norrkoping),
Munktell (Eskilstuna), Jonkoping mechanical works. — Petroleum engines: Bolinder,
Bergsund, Atlas, etc. — Turbines: Arboga mechanical works, Trollhattan,
Motala, Halmstad. — Electric motors and dynamo machines etc.: Allmanna